Improving Global Quality of Life

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Portable power: In the Portable Power market, growth is being driven by high-drain wireless consumer devices. Primary portable power applications include consumer products, industrial and professional products, personal communication devices, portable computers, and military portable electronic devices. Rechargeable batteries and small engines will lead gains among established technologies. Solar cells are projected to remain niche items, while miniature and micro fuel cells become a major factor within this market by 2013. In the area of fuel cells, portable electric power is viewed as one of the earliest market applications. Much of the complexities related to hydrogen infrastructure are not an issue for portable electrical power applications, as is the case with many other fuel cell applications. 9.15 Microjoining sector Pressure sensor incorporating, laser, electron beam and thermosonic welding The involvement of microjoining in the electronics, instrument, actuator and sensors industries is as important and as extensive as that of welding in other manufacturing industries. The proper functioning of small mechanical devices and electronics systems, as employed in the aerospace, medical, telecommunications, computer, automotive, oil & gas and consumer industries, is critically dependent upon the use of efficient and reliable joining techniques. The increasing complexity and miniaturisation of micro and miniature devices are placing more stringent demands on assembly techniques for, and the performance of, microjoints. The full range of welding, soldering and adhesive bonding techniques is being pushed to the limits to cope with increasing miniaturisation, process speeds and rapid changes in design. Additionally, the global drive to environmentally acceptable products is resulting in a review of assembly and disassembly techniques which is forcing a rethink in terms of the use of materials, joining and assembly processes. Although the term microjoining is widely used, it is difficult to define exactly. For the purpose of this review it is taken to include the joining of sheet and rod materials up to 1 mm in joint thickness. Ball/wedge wire bonded die assembly Ultrasonic welded electrical terminations Micro friction stir welded 0.5 mm thick Aluminium sheet Welding is extensively used in microjoining applications such as silicon chip interconnect (e.g. wire bonding- thermosonic welding), package sealing (e.g. laser and resistance welding) and sensor/mechanical system assembly (e.g. EB, arc and resistance welding). There is the potential however to increase its use by exploiting its capabilities in terms of local/ low heat input, rapid processing capabilities and enabling more environmental assembly/design as illustrated. 142 Improving Global Quality of Life Through Optimum Use and Innovation of Welding and Joining Technologies
9 Needs and challenges of major industry sectors for future applications 9.15.1 Hot topics Replacement of soldering on low/medium production volume electrical applications such as leadframe/busbar joining and wire terminations. Benefits: rapid, local heating resulting in: Lower energy usage (process energy saving), Monometallic joints (easier to recycle), Lower resistance joints (energy saving/improved performance), Joints can be closer together (aids miniaturisation), Joints can be closer to temperature sensitive materials/devices (aids miniaturisation/less material employed). Replacement of adhesives on polymer and metal components. Benefits: Reduction in chemical usage, No added impurities (adhesive) resulting in easier recycling/ reuse, Lower cost production cycle. The primary challenges to more widely adopting these welding techniques in microtechnology are: Refining the welding and jigging systems to accommodate the reducing geometry and automated assembly process. Developing welding process (e.g. micro-friction stir) for some difficult to weld, very thin materials (e.g. Al-SiC,
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Improving Global Quality of Life Th
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Foreword Dr Baldev Raj Mr Chris Sma
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In alphabetical order (Continued) D
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6.3 Job, skill, career and competen
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9.6.3 Welding processes and challen
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Executive summary “ Welding is an
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Editors’ Preface Improving Global
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Scope and objectives 1 an important
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Welding industry 2.in the world 2.1
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2.2 Today’s welding industry and
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2 Welding industry in the world IIW
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3.welding Signifi cance of and join
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3.3 Welding and joining in sustaina
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An example of the value of welding
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16 Improving Global Quality of Life
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4. Needs and challenges in welding
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Welding thick walled steel componen
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The trend towards light-weight desi
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Up-to-date, titanium alloys have be
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Needs for weight reduction in aircr
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Finally, testing of welds will be e
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As another most important item, the
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In order to make the developments i
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Reduction and/or elimination of dis
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5. Needs and challenges in welding
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The productivity in EB welding has
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The potential applications are for
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5.2 Higher automation, productivity
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In submerged arc welding one can re
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From a practical perspective, the n
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Acceptance levels are not included
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5.5 NDT and structural health monit
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IIW can help companies to get their
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6. Needs and challenges in health,
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welder against Cr6 is a very import
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is considerable national concern fo
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important in meeting needs with res
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7. Legal codes, rules and standardi
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In national or regional legal codes
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7.4.2 Optimum laws Laws applying in
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IIW needs to help ISO and others cl
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structures. It is unlikely in the s
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8. Needs and challenges for global
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infrastructure to develop multiple
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Table 8.1 Key actions and key activ
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9.7.1 Hot topics ..................
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New discoveries tend to be in deepw
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Proved reserves at end 2004 Trillio
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easily weldable, the life expectanc
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9.1.3 Hot topics Reducing negative
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Page 108 and 109: 9.1.5 Hot topics Development and up
Page 110 and 111: 9.1.8 Power - Renewable Rising fuel
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Page 120 and 121: 9.3.2 Hot Topics The following issu
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Page 130 and 131: Globalisation: PEI is operating in
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Page 136 and 137: 9.7.2 Welding in the minerals proce
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Page 142 and 143: implementation of smart systems. In
Page 144 and 145: 9.9.2 Hot topics Raising and enforc
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Page 150 and 151: 9.11.2 Hot topics In spite of these
Page 152 and 153: 9.13.2 Preheat Preheating is carrie
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Page 172 and 173: 10.3.2 Typical hot topics In the me
Page 174 and 175: 10.4 Long-term strategic agenda IIW
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Page 180: IIW White Paper - Edition 2012 ISBN
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