IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programm - NachhaltigWirtschaften.at
IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programm - NachhaltigWirtschaften.at IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programm - NachhaltigWirtschaften.at
IEA SHC Task 38 Solar Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Subtask A Report A2, November 2009 chilled water sub‐system load radiative heating/cooling function or main characteristic only sensible cooling, no dehumidification, heating in winter additional information moderate temperature level for heating and cooling , chilled water temperature above dewpoint AHU heating, cooling and dehumidifcation low chilled water temperature required for dehumidifcation fan coil heating, cooling and dehumidifcation condensate handling required for dehumidification distribution single single cooling appliance (see options "load") pump and mixing valve for control of entering chilled water temperature. No chilled water pump at chiller port required. serial cascade of cooling appliances operating at different temperature levels chilled water return flow from first cooler is used in following cooler, supply temperatures are controlled indiviually parallel 1 parallel installation of cooling appliances pump and mixing valve for individual setting of supply temperatures, chilled water supply to distributor by chilled water pump at chiller port parallel 2 parallel installation of cooling appliances pump and flow control for individual setting of supply temperatures, chilled water supply to distributor by chilled water pump at chiller port cold storage without buffer 1 buffer 2 buffer 3 direct link between chilled water generation and load no bypass, all chilled water flows pass through storage storage loaded by internal heat exchanger, ice storage simple construction, reduced flow facilitates stratification simple construction, decouples volume flows, no parasitic flows chiller operates at lower temperature, negative impact on chiller efficiency and/or higher driving temperature required buffer 4 latent cold storage hydraulic concept to be defined backup without parallel compression chiller, parallel integration split flow to different chillers, sorption cooling covers base load only serial compression chiller, serial integration sorption chiller designed for full load, backup chiller provides final cooling when solar driving heat not sufficient geothermal free cooling by heat transfer to geothermal optimum energy saving source page 17
IEA SHC Task 38 Solar Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Subtask A Report A2, November 2009 6. System examples The following figures show a selection of system configurations and their representation on basis of the “generic system” scheme discussed in this report. The first three examples have been suggested by manufacturers. The last two examples represent pilot installations. solar collector heat exchanger heat storage backup hot side T T 45C° T T G main cooler heat exchanger auxiliary cooler heat exchanger heat rejection C A load distribution cold storage backup cold side E Figure 17: Solar heating and cooling system, Example 1 (source: Climatewell). page 18
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<strong>IEA</strong> SHC Task 38 <strong>Solar</strong> Air Conditioning <strong>and</strong> Refriger<strong>at</strong>ion Subtask A Report A2, November 2009<br />
chilled w<strong>at</strong>er sub‐system<br />
load<br />
radi<strong>at</strong>ive he<strong>at</strong>ing/cooling<br />
function<br />
or main characteristic<br />
only sensible cooling,<br />
no dehumidific<strong>at</strong>ion, he<strong>at</strong>ing in winter<br />
additional<br />
inform<strong>at</strong>ion<br />
moder<strong>at</strong>e temper<strong>at</strong>ure level for he<strong>at</strong>ing<br />
<strong>and</strong> cooling ,<br />
chilled w<strong>at</strong>er temper<strong>at</strong>ure above dewpoint<br />
AHU he<strong>at</strong>ing, cooling <strong>and</strong> dehumidifc<strong>at</strong>ion low chilled w<strong>at</strong>er temper<strong>at</strong>ure required for<br />
dehumidifc<strong>at</strong>ion<br />
fan coil he<strong>at</strong>ing, cooling <strong>and</strong> dehumidifc<strong>at</strong>ion condens<strong>at</strong>e h<strong>and</strong>ling required for<br />
dehumidific<strong>at</strong>ion<br />
distribution<br />
single<br />
single cooling appliance (see options "load") pump <strong>and</strong> mixing valve for control of<br />
entering chilled w<strong>at</strong>er temper<strong>at</strong>ure. No<br />
chilled w<strong>at</strong>er pump <strong>at</strong> chiller port required.<br />
serial<br />
cascade of cooling appliances oper<strong>at</strong>ing <strong>at</strong><br />
different temper<strong>at</strong>ure levels<br />
chilled w<strong>at</strong>er return flow from first cooler is<br />
used in following cooler, supply<br />
temper<strong>at</strong>ures are controlled indiviually<br />
parallel 1 parallel install<strong>at</strong>ion of cooling appliances pump <strong>and</strong> mixing valve for individual setting<br />
of supply temper<strong>at</strong>ures, chilled w<strong>at</strong>er<br />
supply to distributor by chilled w<strong>at</strong>er pump<br />
<strong>at</strong> chiller port<br />
parallel 2 parallel install<strong>at</strong>ion of cooling appliances pump <strong>and</strong> flow control for individual setting<br />
of supply temper<strong>at</strong>ures, chilled w<strong>at</strong>er<br />
supply to distributor by chilled w<strong>at</strong>er pump<br />
<strong>at</strong> chiller port<br />
cold storage<br />
without<br />
buffer 1<br />
buffer 2<br />
buffer 3<br />
direct link between chilled w<strong>at</strong>er<br />
gener<strong>at</strong>ion <strong>and</strong> load<br />
no bypass, all chilled w<strong>at</strong>er flows pass<br />
through storage<br />
storage loaded by internal he<strong>at</strong> exchanger,<br />
ice storage<br />
simple construction, reduced flow<br />
facilit<strong>at</strong>es str<strong>at</strong>ific<strong>at</strong>ion<br />
simple construction, decouples volume<br />
flows, no parasitic flows<br />
chiller oper<strong>at</strong>es <strong>at</strong> lower temper<strong>at</strong>ure,<br />
neg<strong>at</strong>ive impact on chiller efficiency <strong>and</strong>/or<br />
higher driving temper<strong>at</strong>ure required<br />
buffer 4 l<strong>at</strong>ent cold storage hydraulic concept to be defined<br />
backup<br />
without<br />
parallel compression chiller, parallel integr<strong>at</strong>ion split flow to different chillers, sorption<br />
cooling covers base load only<br />
serial compression chiller, serial integr<strong>at</strong>ion sorption chiller designed for full load,<br />
backup chiller provides final cooling when<br />
solar driving he<strong>at</strong> not sufficient<br />
geothermal<br />
free cooling by he<strong>at</strong> transfer to geothermal optimum energy saving<br />
source<br />
page 17
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