IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programm - NachhaltigWirtschaften.at
IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programm - NachhaltigWirtschaften.at IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programm - NachhaltigWirtschaften.at
IEA SHC Task 38 Solar Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Subtask C2-A, November 9, 2009 Greek letters η effectiveness (-) ρ density (kgm -3 ) ∆ difference (-) ϑ temperature (deg C) Subscripts A Absorber Acc Cooling water inlet Ach Cooling water outlet C Condenser d Duehring E Evaporator Eh Chilled water inlet Ec Chilled water outlet ext external G Generator Gc Hot water outlet i simulation time interval in inlet int internal meas measured p pump p, pc at constant pressure s strong sim simulated sol solution st storage SHX solution heat exchanger sG strong solution leaving the generator tube bundle sA strong solution leaving the generator sump and entering the absorber t tube tb tube bundle out outlet v vapour w water, weak wA weak solution leaving the absorber tube bundle wG weak solution leaving the absorber sump and entering the generator X general index for vessels (X=A, C, E, G) Performance analysis The internal consistency of the model can be analysed by applying a step change to one of the external parameters in the model. A step from 75°C to 85°C in the hot water inlet temperature has been used for this purpose. Cooling and chilled water inlet temperatures page 80
IEA SHC Task 38 Solar Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Subtask C2-A, November 9, 2009 have been kept constant at 27°C and 18°C, respectiv ely. The simulation interval was 1s. The temperature step was set at 200s after simulation start. This time period is necessary because the preset steady-state is not exactly met by the model: after starting the simulation first the steady state with the given input values has to be reached. 200s are enough in order to equalize the differences between initial and steady-state values. For the consistency analysis no thermal storage terms were assumed, just solution mass storage and a transport delay of 2 steps or seconds between generator and absorber and 1 step or second the other way. These very short transport delays were chosen to speed up the simulation. Figure 1 shows some internal variables for a short time period before and after the temperature step. Figure 2 shows the external heat flows before and after the temperature step. Each marker symbol in the graph denotes one simulation step. page 81
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<strong>IEA</strong> SHC Task 38 <strong>Solar</strong> Air Conditioning <strong>and</strong> Refriger<strong>at</strong>ion Subtask C2-A, November 9, 2009<br />
have been kept constant <strong>at</strong> 27°C <strong>and</strong> 18°C, respectiv ely. The simul<strong>at</strong>ion interval was 1s. The<br />
temper<strong>at</strong>ure step was set <strong>at</strong> 200s after simul<strong>at</strong>ion start. This time period is necessary<br />
because the preset steady-st<strong>at</strong>e is not exactly met by the model: after starting the simul<strong>at</strong>ion<br />
first the steady st<strong>at</strong>e with the given input values has to be reached. 200s are enough in order<br />
to equalize the differences between initial <strong>and</strong> steady-st<strong>at</strong>e values.<br />
For the consistency analysis no thermal storage terms were assumed, just solution mass<br />
storage <strong>and</strong> a transport delay of 2 steps or seconds between gener<strong>at</strong>or <strong>and</strong> absorber <strong>and</strong> 1<br />
step or second the other way. These very short transport delays were chosen to speed up<br />
the simul<strong>at</strong>ion. Figure 1 shows some internal variables for a short time period before <strong>and</strong><br />
after the temper<strong>at</strong>ure step. Figure 2 shows the external he<strong>at</strong> flows before <strong>and</strong> after the<br />
temper<strong>at</strong>ure step. Each marker symbol in the graph denotes one simul<strong>at</strong>ion step.<br />
page 81
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