IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programm - NachhaltigWirtschaften.at
IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programm - NachhaltigWirtschaften.at IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programm - NachhaltigWirtschaften.at
IEA SHC Task 38 Solar Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Subtask C2-A, November 9, 2009 1. A dynamic simulation model for transient absorption chiller performance. Part 1: the model This section presents in detail the development of transient model for an absorption chiller. The model is based on external and internal steady-state enthalpy balances for each main component. Dynamic behaviour is implemented via mass storage terms in the absorber and generator, thermal heat storage terms in all vessels and a delay time in the solution cycle.For verification, the model has been compared to experimental data. The dynamic agreement between experiment and simulation is very good with dynamic deviations around 10s. Nomenclature Symbols A area, (m 2 ) A Duehring factor (deg C) B Duehring factor (-) c specific heat capacity (kJkg -1 K -1 ) c number of simulation steps representing time constants for transport delay (-) D dew point temperature (deg C) g gravity constant (Nm 2 kg -2 ) h height difference between generator outlet and absorber inlet (m) h enthalpy (kJkg -1) l specific heat of solution (kJkg -1 ) m, m& mass flow rate (kgs -1 ) M mass (kg) p pressure (Pa) Q, Q & heat flux (kW) r evaporation enthalpy (kJkg -1 ) R gas constant for water vapour (Jkg -1 ) T temperature (deg C) t time (s) UA heat transfer coefficient (kWK -1 ) x Solution mass fraction (kg Salt kg -1 Sol ) X mole ratio (-) z solution level in generator sump (m) Greek letters page 60
IEA SHC Task 38 Solar Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Subtask C2-A, November 9, 2009 η effectiveness (-) ρ density (kgm -3 ) ∆ difference (-) ϑ temperature (deg C) Subscripts A Absorber C Condenser d Duehring E Evaporator ext external G Generator i simulation time interval in inlet int internal meas measured p pump p, pc at constant pressure s strong sim simulated sol solution st storage SHX solution heat exchanger sG strong solution leaving the generator tube bundle sA strong solution leaving the generator sump and entering the absorber t tube tb tube bundle out outlet v vapour w water, weak wA weak solution leaving the absorber tube bundle wG weak solution leaving the absorber sump and entering the generator X general index for vessels (X=A, C, E, G) * time-delay of solution at generator and absorber inlet page 61
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<strong>IEA</strong> SHC Task 38 <strong>Solar</strong> Air Conditioning <strong>and</strong> Refriger<strong>at</strong>ion Subtask C2-A, November 9, 2009<br />
η effectiveness (-)<br />
ρ density (kgm -3 )<br />
∆ difference (-)<br />
ϑ temper<strong>at</strong>ure (deg C)<br />
Subscripts<br />
A<br />
Absorber<br />
C<br />
Condenser<br />
d<br />
Duehring<br />
E<br />
Evapor<strong>at</strong>or<br />
ext<br />
external<br />
G<br />
Gener<strong>at</strong>or<br />
i<br />
simul<strong>at</strong>ion time interval<br />
in<br />
inlet<br />
int<br />
internal<br />
meas measured<br />
p<br />
pump<br />
p, pc <strong>at</strong> constant pressure<br />
s<br />
strong<br />
sim simul<strong>at</strong>ed<br />
sol<br />
solution<br />
st<br />
storage<br />
SHX solution he<strong>at</strong> exchanger<br />
sG<br />
strong solution leaving the gener<strong>at</strong>or tube bundle<br />
sA<br />
strong solution leaving the gener<strong>at</strong>or sump <strong>and</strong> entering the absorber<br />
t<br />
tube<br />
tb<br />
tube bundle<br />
out<br />
outlet<br />
v<br />
vapour<br />
w<br />
w<strong>at</strong>er, weak<br />
wA<br />
weak solution leaving the absorber tube bundle<br />
wG weak solution leaving the absorber sump <strong>and</strong> entering the gener<strong>at</strong>or<br />
X general index for vessels (X=A, C, E, G)<br />
* time-delay of solution <strong>at</strong> gener<strong>at</strong>or <strong>and</strong> absorber inlet<br />
page 61
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