IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programm - NachhaltigWirtschaften.at
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IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programm - NachhaltigWirtschaften.at

IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programm - NachhaltigWirtschaften.at

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<strong>IEA</strong> SHC Task 38 <strong>Solar</strong> Air Conditioning <strong>and</strong> Refriger<strong>at</strong>ion Subtask C1 Report, 31 October 2010<br />

Corresponding researchers:<br />

Pietro Finocchiaro finocchiaro@dream.unipa.it<br />

Bettina Nocke bettina@dream.unipa.it<br />

Marco Beccali marco.beccali@dream.unipa.it<br />

Relevant public<strong>at</strong>ions<br />

[170] Beccali M., Finocchiaro P., Sorce M. – “Optimis<strong>at</strong>ion of <strong>Solar</strong> Desiccant <strong>Cooling</strong><br />

Systems for applic<strong>at</strong>ions in the Mediterranean Clim<strong>at</strong>e: design <strong>and</strong> control issues” -<br />

Intern<strong>at</strong>ional Conference <strong>Solar</strong> Air-Conditioning – OTTI Kloster Banz - 05.10.2005<br />

[171] Beccali M., Finocchiaro P., Nocke B. – “<strong>Solar</strong> desiccant cooling systems with hybrid<br />

Air-PV solar collectors for applic<strong>at</strong>ions in the Mediterranean clim<strong>at</strong>e” - 61 st ATI N<strong>at</strong>ional<br />

Congress – Intern<strong>at</strong>ional Session “<strong>Solar</strong> <strong>He<strong>at</strong>ing</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Cooling</strong>” – pagg. 75-79 - Perugia<br />

14.09.2006<br />

[172] Beccali M., Finocchiaro P., Nocke B., Gioria S., “<strong>Solar</strong> desiccant cooling AHU coupled<br />

with chilled ceiling: description of a new install<strong>at</strong>ion <strong>at</strong> DREAM in Palermo”,<br />

Proceedings of the OTTI Conference <strong>Solar</strong> Air Conditioning, Tarragona (E), October<br />

18th -19th., 2007, pp 389-394, ISBN 978-3-934681-61-3<br />

[173] Beccali M., Finocchiaro P.; Luna M, Nocke B. “Un impianto di <strong>Solar</strong> Desiccant <strong>Cooling</strong><br />

a Palermo. <strong>Programm</strong>a di ricerca e primi risult<strong>at</strong>i sperimentali”, Convegno AICARR<br />

Padova “Riduzione dei fabbisogni, recupero di efficienza e fonti rinnovabili per il<br />

risparmio energetico nel settore residenziale”, 5 Giugno 2008<br />

[174] Beccali M, Finocchiaro P., Luna M, Nocke B. “Monitoraggio di un impianto di solar<br />

desiccant cooling a Palermo. Primi risult<strong>at</strong>i e progetto dei test”. 63° Convegno ATI.<br />

Palermo, 23-26 Settembre 2008, pp. 07.024<br />

[175] Beccali M., Finocchiaro P., Luna M., Nocke B. “Monitoring of a solar desiccant cooling<br />

system in Palermo (Italy). First results <strong>and</strong> test planning”. Intern. Conference<br />

EUROSUN 2008. Lisbona. 7-10 Oct 2008. (pp. 316-317).<br />

[176] Beccali M., Finocchiaro P., Nocke B. “Energy <strong>and</strong> economic assessment of desiccant<br />

cooling systems coupled with single glazed air <strong>and</strong> hybrid PV/thermal solar collectors<br />

for applic<strong>at</strong>ions in hot <strong>and</strong> humid clim<strong>at</strong>e” <strong>Solar</strong> Energy Elsevier 2009<br />

DEC system with wet he<strong>at</strong> exchanger<br />

(contributed by Pietro Finocchiaro, DREAM, University of Palermo)<br />

With the aim to increase the cooling effect due to w<strong>at</strong>er evapor<strong>at</strong>ion<br />

in the return air flow r<strong>at</strong>e, st<strong>and</strong>ards DEC configur<strong>at</strong>ion can be<br />

modified replacing the he<strong>at</strong> recovery wheel (sensible he<strong>at</strong><br />

exchanger) with one or more pl<strong>at</strong>e he<strong>at</strong> exchangers in series with<br />

continuous humidific<strong>at</strong>ion of the secondary flow.<br />

The wet he<strong>at</strong> exchanger used is similar to a closed loop wet cooling<br />

tower <strong>and</strong> consists of a cross flow fl<strong>at</strong> pl<strong>at</strong>e he<strong>at</strong> exchanger, spray<br />

nozzles, basin <strong>and</strong> recircul<strong>at</strong>ion pump. Spray nozzles used oper<strong>at</strong>e<br />

with low w<strong>at</strong>er pressure <strong>and</strong> do not require special maintenance.<br />

In the following figure a two-stage system is presented. In the<br />

configur<strong>at</strong>ion shown, return air is humidified in two steps <strong>and</strong> leaves<br />

the AHU after the he<strong>at</strong> exchange with supply air stream. In addition, desiccant wheel is<br />

regener<strong>at</strong>ed by external air, which is he<strong>at</strong>ed before by the two he<strong>at</strong>ing coils. This means an<br />

additional fan, but <strong>at</strong> the same time, regener<strong>at</strong>ion air flow can be reduced <strong>and</strong> no bypass is<br />

used (see following scheme). The exclusion of the by-pass across the desiccant rotor <strong>and</strong><br />

the use of outside air for regener<strong>at</strong>ing the desiccant rotor, can improve performances of the<br />

system also in terms of thermal COP <strong>and</strong> reduction on electricity consumption for the<br />

regener<strong>at</strong>ion.<br />

First experimental investig<strong>at</strong>ions confirm good performances of the system equipped with<br />

wet he<strong>at</strong> exchangers. Thanks to the optimiz<strong>at</strong>ion of the indirect evapor<strong>at</strong>ive cooling process,<br />

the contribution of auxiliary cooling coils can strongly reduced.<br />

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