IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programm - NachhaltigWirtschaften.at
IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programm - NachhaltigWirtschaften.at IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programm - NachhaltigWirtschaften.at
IEA SHC Task 38 Solar Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Subtask A Report, Date:… 3 Control Strategy The control strategy for this solar cooling and heating system with all parameters, interactions and safety switches is very complex and can not be discussed in detail. The following list only gives a short overview about the control units and their major tasks. (BMS) Building management system - Selects heating or cooling mode (dis/connects NT and HT distributor). - Controls supply temperature of the heating and cooling system as a function of the ambient temperature or the dew point temperature, respectively. - Activates backup sources and valves of the building. (Beckhoff SPS) PLC control of the absorption chiller - Controls the internal pumps, hot and chilled water pump. - Controls the chilled capacity: Controlled parameter is the outlet temperature of the chilled water; manipulated parameter is the driving heat input with control of the chilled water supply temperature. - Requests external pumps and dry air cooler. - Observes internal process parameters and activates the automatic purge procedure with 30 minutes purging every five days. (UVR1611) Universal programmable logic controller - Enables the solar thermal system when the temperature of the collector exceeds the: → Winter: return temperature of the heating system (activated ceilings) + 5 K → Winter: phase change temperature of the latent heat storage + 5 K → Winter: temperature in the top of the hot water tank + 5 K → Summer: minimum driving temperature of the absorption chiller 60 °C + 5 K - Adjusts the speed of the different pumps (solar secondary loop to the HT distributor, heating loop to activated ceilings, flow rate through latent heat storage), according to the requested temperature. → direct solar heating < 35 °C → direct solar heating and/or loading the latent heat storage 65 °C). - Enables the reject heat pumps and the dry air cooler and adjusts fan speed for constant cooling water outlet temperature 30 °C. - Calculates optimized unloading time and duration for the latent heat storage depending on the ambient air temperature or the return temperature of the activated ceilings.
IEA SHC Task 38 Solar Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Subtask A Report, Date:… 4 Monitoring Equipment 4.1 Installed Equipment Each heat sink or source is metered with two temperature sensors (inlet and outlet) and one electromagnetic flow meter. Apart from the TIC sensors for control purposes all sensors are connected to an Agilent 34980A Multifunction Switch/Measure Unit with shielded and grounded cables. Installed sensors: 32 TIR Pt-100 temperature sensors 1/10 DIN B 4-wire resistance - Ambient air - Surface temperature of one solar collector - Outlet of each solar collector array - Solar heat exchanger, primary and secondary inlet and outlet - hot water tank - absorption chiller inlet and outlet of generator, evaporator and absorber/condenser - Reject heat exchanger, primary and secondary inlet and outlet - Dry air cooler outlet - Latent heat storage modules outlet and PCM temperature 18 TIC Pt-1000 temperature sensors 1/10 DIN B 2-wire resistance - only for control purposes 8 FICR Electromagnetic Flow meters ± 0.2 % 2-wire 0-10 V - solar secondary loop - primary and secondary reject heat loop - latent heat storage module1 loop - absorption chiller, chilled water loop - absorption chiller hot water and hot water tank loop - heating and cooling system loop of the building 4 LIR Wattmeter ± 0.1 % 2-wire 0-10 V - Solar thermal system components and UVR1611 control unit - Reject heat loop and latent heat storage components - fan of the dry air cooler - absorption chiller and control unit 1 RIR Pyrometer < 2 % 2-wire mV - direct and indirect solar insolation on the aperture area of the solar collector 4.2 Period of Measurement The period of measurement started in January 2008 and is ongoing. Due to latent heat storage performance tests and capacity tests the data of the following days have not been taken into account for the evaluation of the annual performance data: 30.01. – 31.01.2008 21.04. – 22.04.2009 23.03. – 28.03.2010 20.04. – 23.04.2008 09.07. – 10.07.2009 17.06. – 18.06.2008 17.09. – 18.09.2009 29.10. – 30.10.2008
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<strong>IEA</strong> SHC Task 38 <strong>Solar</strong> Air Conditioning <strong>and</strong> Refriger<strong>at</strong>ion<br />
Subtask A Report, D<strong>at</strong>e:…<br />
3 Control Str<strong>at</strong>egy<br />
The control str<strong>at</strong>egy for this solar cooling <strong>and</strong> he<strong>at</strong>ing system with all parameters,<br />
interactions <strong>and</strong> safety switches is very complex <strong>and</strong> can not be discussed in detail. The<br />
following list only gives a short overview about the control units <strong>and</strong> their major tasks.<br />
(BMS) Building management system<br />
- Selects he<strong>at</strong>ing or cooling mode (dis/connects NT <strong>and</strong> HT distributor).<br />
- Controls supply temper<strong>at</strong>ure of the he<strong>at</strong>ing <strong>and</strong> cooling system as a function of the<br />
ambient temper<strong>at</strong>ure or the dew point temper<strong>at</strong>ure, respectively.<br />
- Activ<strong>at</strong>es backup sources <strong>and</strong> valves of the building.<br />
(Beckhoff SPS) PLC control of the absorption chiller<br />
- Controls the internal pumps, hot <strong>and</strong> chilled w<strong>at</strong>er pump.<br />
- Controls the chilled capacity: Controlled parameter is the outlet temper<strong>at</strong>ure of the<br />
chilled w<strong>at</strong>er; manipul<strong>at</strong>ed parameter is the driving he<strong>at</strong> input with control of the<br />
chilled w<strong>at</strong>er supply temper<strong>at</strong>ure.<br />
- Requests external pumps <strong>and</strong> dry air cooler.<br />
- Observes internal process parameters <strong>and</strong> activ<strong>at</strong>es the autom<strong>at</strong>ic purge procedure<br />
with 30 minutes purging every five days.<br />
(UVR1611) Universal programmable logic controller<br />
- Enables the solar thermal system when the temper<strong>at</strong>ure of the collector exceeds the:<br />
→ Winter: return temper<strong>at</strong>ure of the he<strong>at</strong>ing system (activ<strong>at</strong>ed ceilings) + 5 K<br />
→ Winter: phase change temper<strong>at</strong>ure of the l<strong>at</strong>ent he<strong>at</strong> storage + 5 K<br />
→ Winter: temper<strong>at</strong>ure in the top of the hot w<strong>at</strong>er tank + 5 K<br />
→ Summer: minimum driving temper<strong>at</strong>ure of the absorption chiller 60 °C + 5 K<br />
- Adjusts the speed of the different pumps (solar secondary loop to the HT distributor,<br />
he<strong>at</strong>ing loop to activ<strong>at</strong>ed ceilings, flow r<strong>at</strong>e through l<strong>at</strong>ent he<strong>at</strong> storage), according to<br />
the requested temper<strong>at</strong>ure.<br />
→ direct solar he<strong>at</strong>ing < 35 °C<br />
→ direct solar he<strong>at</strong>ing <strong>and</strong>/or loading the l<strong>at</strong>ent he<strong>at</strong> storage 65 °C).<br />
- Enables the reject he<strong>at</strong> pumps <strong>and</strong> the dry air cooler <strong>and</strong> adjusts fan speed for<br />
constant cooling w<strong>at</strong>er outlet temper<strong>at</strong>ure 30 °C.<br />
- Calcul<strong>at</strong>es optimized unloading time <strong>and</strong> dur<strong>at</strong>ion for the l<strong>at</strong>ent he<strong>at</strong> storage<br />
depending on the ambient air temper<strong>at</strong>ure or the return temper<strong>at</strong>ure of the activ<strong>at</strong>ed<br />
ceilings.
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