IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programm - NachhaltigWirtschaften.at
IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programm - NachhaltigWirtschaften.at IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programm - NachhaltigWirtschaften.at
IEA SHC Task 38 Solar Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Subtask A Report, Date:… Contents 1 Background.................................................................................................................... 3 2 System Design............................................................................................................... 3 3 Control Strategy ............................................................................................................. 6 4 Monitoring Equipment .................................................................................................... 7 4.1 Installed Equipment................................................................................................. 7 4.2 Period of Measurement........................................................................................... 7 4.3 Annual / Monthly Data............................................................................................. 8 4.4 Analysis of the absorption chiller and the reject heat loop....................................... 9 4.5 Detailed Analysis of the long term stability of the latent heat storage.....................10 5 Experiences / Lessons Learned ....................................................................................14 6 Conclusions...................................................................................................................15 7 Acknowledgment...........................................................................................................15 8 Bibliography ..................................................................................................................15
IEA SHC Task 38 Solar Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Subtask A Report, Date:… 1 Background In solar thermal installations, both solar cooling and solar heating can be provided synergistically, yielding a complete annual utilization. During the cold season, solar heat serves for space heating. During the warm season, solar heat can be converted into useful cold by means of sorption cooling. A favorable situation is given when low temperature heating and cooling facilities, e.g. floor or wall heating systems or activated ceilings, are applied for heating and cooling. During heating operation, a low temperature latent heat storage can be used to balance the heat generation by the solar thermal system and the heat supply to the heating system. Thus, a low operating temperature of the solar thermal system is accomplished yielding efficient operation with optimum solar gain. In cooling mode, the same storage is used in combination with a dry cooling tower to absorb/reject the waste heat in order to replace a wet cooling tower. By that means heat rejection of the chiller is shifted partly to periods with lower ambient temperatures, i.e. night time, or to off-peak hours. 2 System Design In conventional absorption cooling installations, wet cooling towers designed for a coolant supply/return temperature 27/35 °C are applied. To use a dry air-cooler, cooling water temperatures have to be increased to 40/45 °C. As a consequence of the increase of the cooling water temperature, the temperature level of the driving heat supplied to the regenerator of the absorption chiller has to be increased accordingly. Daytime operation of the chiller SOLAR CHILLER 90°C COOLING 15°C HOT 50 % dry 18°C WATER AUX. heat rejection TANK BOILER 50 % loading 40°C 32°C 80°C latent heat storage DRY AIR COOLER 40°C 32°C 32°C SOLAR SYSTEM 36°C 36°C HEATING / LATENT COOLING HEAT SYSTEM STORAGE SOLAR COOLING unloading latent heat storage Heat dissipation during night time CHILLER HOT WATER TANK AUX. BOILER DRY AIR COOLER 26°C 26°C 18°C SOLAR SYSTEM
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<strong>IEA</strong> SHC Task 38 <strong>Solar</strong> Air Conditioning <strong>and</strong> Refriger<strong>at</strong>ion<br />
Subtask A Report, D<strong>at</strong>e:…<br />
Contents<br />
1 Background.................................................................................................................... 3<br />
2 System Design............................................................................................................... 3<br />
3 Control Str<strong>at</strong>egy ............................................................................................................. 6<br />
4 Monitoring Equipment .................................................................................................... 7<br />
4.1 Installed Equipment................................................................................................. 7<br />
4.2 Period of Measurement........................................................................................... 7<br />
4.3 Annual / Monthly D<strong>at</strong>a............................................................................................. 8<br />
4.4 Analysis of the absorption chiller <strong>and</strong> the reject he<strong>at</strong> loop....................................... 9<br />
4.5 Detailed Analysis of the long term stability of the l<strong>at</strong>ent he<strong>at</strong> storage.....................10<br />
5 Experiences / Lessons Learned ....................................................................................14<br />
6 Conclusions...................................................................................................................15<br />
7 Acknowledgment...........................................................................................................15<br />
8 Bibliography ..................................................................................................................15
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