IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programm - NachhaltigWirtschaften.at
IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programm - NachhaltigWirtschaften.at IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programm - NachhaltigWirtschaften.at
IEA SHC Task 38 Solar Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Subtask A Report A-D3b, Date: December 2010 2.11 Germany: ZAE Bayern Office Building, Garching Description of the application Within the framework of the German “Solarthermie 2000plus” Programme a pilot installation of an innovative solar heating and cooling system has been erected at the office building of the ZAE Bayern in Garching, Germany in 2007. The installation simultaneously serves as a field test project for a compact water/LiBr absorption chiller with 10 kW nominal capacity. Further more the performance and durability of a low temperature latent heat storage based on salt hydrate is tested. Type of building Office building Location Garching, Germany In operation since 2007 System operated by ZAE Bayern Air-conditioned area 400 m² System used for space heating? Yes System used for DHW preparation? Yes General description of the system In conventional absorption cooling installations, wet cooling towers designed for coolant supply/return temperature 27/35°C are applied. When a dry air-cooler is to be used, cooling water temperatures have to be increased. As a consequence of the increase of the cooling water temperature, the temperature level of the driving heat supplied to the regenerator of the absorption chiller has to be increased accordingly. By integration of a latent heat storage into the heat rejection system of the absorption chiller, a part of the reject heat of the chiller can be buffered during the operation of the solar cooling system, allowing for lower coolant temperatures during peak load operation of the chiller. The stored reject heat then can be discharged during off-peak operation or night time when more favourable ambient conditions, i.e. lower ambient temperatures or electricity tariff, are available. During heating operation the latent heat storage balances heat generation by the solar system and other heat sources and the supply to the consumer. Thus a low operating temperature of the solar thermal system is accomplished yielding efficient operation with optimum solar gain. Central air-conditioning unit Technology Nominal capacity Type of closed system Brand of chiller unit Chilled water application Dehumidification Heat rejection system Solar thermal Closed cycle 10 kW cold (basic load) Absorption Sk Sonnenklima: Suninverse Ceiling panel No Dry cooler supported by a latent heat storage Collector type Flat plate Brand of collector Wagner EURO C20 AR Collector area 57.4 m² Tilt angle, orientation 40°, south +10° Collector fluid Water-glycol page 38
IEA SHC Task 38 Solar Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Subtask A Report A-D3b, Date: December 2010 Typical operation temperature Configuration Heat storage Cold storage Auxiliary heater Use of auxiliary heating system Auxiliary chiller 92 °C driving temperature for chiller operation 2x1 m³ water tank (serial) and 1,6 m³ latent heat storage No Pellet boiler Yes Well System scheme System performance The system has been in operation and monitored for three complete years (2008-2010). Due to the low system temperatures for heating and moderate chilled water temperatures supplied to the activated ceilings in summer a high collector yield of 400 kWh / (m² a) is obtained. The absorption chiller itself has been operated for about 600 hours a year, producing cold at 15 °C by means of solar heat about 90 °C with an average thermal Coefficient of Performance of 0.69 up to 0.72. By replacing some ineffective pumps with high efficiency components in spring 2009 the overall electrical COP increased significantly (about 20 %). The average total electrical COP of the solar cooling system was 6.6 in 2009. Almost 60% of the primary energy has been saved compared to a conventional compression cooling system supplying the same amount of cold. During the monitoring period the two latent heat storage modules have undergone over 800 loading and unloading cycles under real conditions. Due to the use of the latent heat storage the cooling water return temperature did not exceed 33.5 °C despite dry air cooling and ambient temperatures above 32 °C. In heating mode about 15 % of the overall heat demand has been provided by the latent heat storage. page 39
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<strong>IEA</strong> SHC Task 38 <strong>Solar</strong> Air Conditioning <strong>and</strong> Refriger<strong>at</strong>ion Subtask A Report A-D3b, D<strong>at</strong>e: December 2010<br />
2.11 Germany: ZAE Bayern Office Building, Garching<br />
Description of the applic<strong>at</strong>ion<br />
Within the framework of the German “<strong>Solar</strong>thermie 2000plus” <strong>Programm</strong>e a pilot install<strong>at</strong>ion<br />
of an innov<strong>at</strong>ive solar he<strong>at</strong>ing <strong>and</strong> cooling system has been erected <strong>at</strong> the office building of<br />
the ZAE Bayern in Garching, Germany in 2007. The install<strong>at</strong>ion simultaneously serves as a<br />
field test project for a compact w<strong>at</strong>er/LiBr absorption chiller with 10 kW nominal capacity.<br />
Further more the performance <strong>and</strong> durability of a low temper<strong>at</strong>ure l<strong>at</strong>ent he<strong>at</strong> storage based<br />
on salt hydr<strong>at</strong>e is tested.<br />
Type of building Office building<br />
Loc<strong>at</strong>ion Garching, Germany<br />
In oper<strong>at</strong>ion since 2007<br />
System oper<strong>at</strong>ed by ZAE Bayern<br />
Air-conditioned area 400 m²<br />
System used for space he<strong>at</strong>ing? Yes<br />
System used for DHW prepar<strong>at</strong>ion? Yes<br />
General description of the system<br />
In conventional absorption cooling install<strong>at</strong>ions, wet cooling towers designed for coolant<br />
supply/return temper<strong>at</strong>ure 27/35°C are applied. When a dry air-cooler is to be used, cooling<br />
w<strong>at</strong>er temper<strong>at</strong>ures have to be increased. As a consequence of the increase of the cooling<br />
w<strong>at</strong>er temper<strong>at</strong>ure, the temper<strong>at</strong>ure level of the driving he<strong>at</strong> supplied to the regener<strong>at</strong>or of<br />
the absorption chiller has to be increased accordingly. By integr<strong>at</strong>ion of a l<strong>at</strong>ent he<strong>at</strong> storage<br />
into the he<strong>at</strong> rejection system of the absorption chiller, a part of the reject he<strong>at</strong> of the chiller<br />
can be buffered during the oper<strong>at</strong>ion of the solar cooling system, allowing for lower coolant<br />
temper<strong>at</strong>ures during peak load oper<strong>at</strong>ion of the chiller. The stored reject he<strong>at</strong> then can be<br />
discharged during off-peak oper<strong>at</strong>ion or night time when more favourable ambient conditions,<br />
i.e. lower ambient temper<strong>at</strong>ures or electricity tariff, are available. During he<strong>at</strong>ing oper<strong>at</strong>ion<br />
the l<strong>at</strong>ent he<strong>at</strong> storage balances he<strong>at</strong> gener<strong>at</strong>ion by the solar system <strong>and</strong> other he<strong>at</strong> sources<br />
<strong>and</strong> the supply to the consumer. Thus a low oper<strong>at</strong>ing temper<strong>at</strong>ure of the solar thermal<br />
system is accomplished yielding efficient oper<strong>at</strong>ion with optimum solar gain.<br />
Central air-conditioning unit<br />
Technology<br />
Nominal capacity<br />
Type of closed system<br />
Br<strong>and</strong> of chiller unit<br />
Chilled w<strong>at</strong>er applic<strong>at</strong>ion<br />
Dehumidific<strong>at</strong>ion<br />
He<strong>at</strong> rejection system<br />
<strong>Solar</strong> thermal<br />
Closed cycle<br />
10 kW cold (basic load)<br />
Absorption<br />
Sk Sonnenklima: Suninverse<br />
Ceiling panel<br />
No<br />
Dry cooler supported by a l<strong>at</strong>ent he<strong>at</strong> storage<br />
Collector type<br />
Fl<strong>at</strong> pl<strong>at</strong>e<br />
Br<strong>and</strong> of collector<br />
Wagner EURO C20 AR<br />
Collector area 57.4 m²<br />
Tilt angle, orient<strong>at</strong>ion 40°, south +10°<br />
Collector fluid<br />
W<strong>at</strong>er-glycol<br />
page 38
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