IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programm - NachhaltigWirtschaften.at

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IEA SHC Task 38 Monitoring Procedure 1. Introduction Monitoring of installed solar assisted cooling systems represents a fundamental tool in order not only to optimize the monitored system itself, but as well to draw conclusions for a suited selection of design and control for future installations. This is especially true for a technology in an early stage of market penetration as it is the case for Solar Heating and Cooling (SHC) systems. In fact today, according to the investigations carried out in the Task 38 only around 300 SHC are documented worldwide. Within the documented plants, 14 small scale (< 20 kW cooling capacity) and 12 large scale systems result to be monitored and they show large different designs and surrounding conditions. In order to enable a structured collection of monitoring data and to define a common evaluation methodology of the energy performance of SHC plants, a unified monitoring procedure has been developed. In practice the procedure aims at: - evaluating the performance of the existing systems; - comparing the energy performance of the existing system with the performance of a conventional system; - enabling the comparison between different existing systems. On the basis of such output, the procedure could lead to the identification of best practices hence of best design solutions in relationship with the climate, the building features and use, occupation conditions and so on. Furthermore the procedure defines the minimum monitoring equipment required to evaluate the energy performance of the existing systems. So it is not restricted to the IEA activities and the mentioned systems but can support future monitoring activities in general. Finally, the procedure should permit as well to drawing (with the results) a learning curve over the coming years on the cost development of installed solar assisted heating and cooling systems. The procedure can be applied for both Solar Heat Driven Chiller (SHDC) and Desiccant Evaporative Cooling (DEC) systems even if for the latter case an additional special tool has been developed This report describes the developed monitoring procedure which includes: - one standard tool for the graphical representation of monitored systems (pptfile); - one standard tool for the visual representation of a conventional system as term of comparison with SHC systems (ppt-file); - one excel file which enables the calculation of key figures such as primary energy ratio, electrical coefficient of performance, solar heat management efficiency and fractional savings with respect to a conventional (non solar) heating and cooling system - one more excel file to be applied in case of DEC systems with the aim at collecting very detailed monitoring data and derive intermediate figures useful for the evaluation of relevant energy performance with respect to a conventional system. 1 99% draft Version
IEA SHC Task 38 Monitoring Procedure 2. Selection of graphical representations The monitoring procedure is based on the evaluation of monitored systems and their comparison with a selected conventional system. To enable a clear and homogeneous representation of monitored systems and of the conventional system to be taken as reference for comparisons, two standard diagrams have been drawn which are below described. Note that depending on whether the monitored system is based on SHDC or DEC, the conventional system to be taken as reference is different. On the other hand, to determine if the solar heating and cooling system performs better than a conventional system that covers the same loads, a reference system was defined as well. Both the schemes are below presented. 2.1 Selection of a standard graphical scheme for the representation of real monitored installations A maximum diagram (Figure 2-1) for the representation of monitored systems has been developed on the basis of commonly applied layouts for SHC systems and it enables to represent largely different systems. This scheme is available as a power point file (see Appendix) which can be adapted mainly by deleting those parts which do not exist in the system under investigation. Collector field Q_sol E1 E2 Q1 E3 Back up heat source (conventionally powered or RES or waste heat…) Hot storage Q2S Q1S Q2D DHW E5 Q4 Cooling E6 SH E4 Exhaust air Q3a Q3b E16 Cooling tower V1 E11 Q6a Q6b E14 E7 E8 Q7 Ab/Adsorbtion cooling machine (ACM) E10 Back up cold source: Compression chiller or free cooling or… E12 Cold storage Q8 Q10b E13 E9 E15 Q10a V2 Ceiling cooling elements Fan coils E20 Water treatment Outlet air Q… Heat flow Inlet air E18 E19 E17 Supply air … Pump DEC – Desiccant and evaporative cooling ∆ H AHU E… Electricity consumption of pump compression chiller, fan, motor, … Figure 2-1 Reference solar heating and cooling system including the single energy fluxes (SHC Max System) 2 99% draft Version
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- Leistungsvergleich von verfügbar
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IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programm - NachhaltigWirtschaften.at

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