the problematics of motherhood in twentieth century women's fiction

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chlld, while advocates of technological motherhood believe
that the roots of women's oppression are biological, and
hence women's liberation requires a biological revolution.
A discussion of this issue by feminist theorists would
provlde the necessary background before studying its
flctlonallsation by Gllman, Piercy and Atwood.
4.4.1. Critics of technological reproductlon argue that
women's oppresslon 1s not caused by female biology in and of
~tself, but rather by man's control of that bloloqy - a
control that could become total depending on how
reproductive technology is developed Mary O'Brien asserts
that if a woman 1s to free herself from man's control, she
has to understand that the source of her oppresslon is also
t3.e source of her liberation Despite the fact that the
process of reproductlon has been a bitter trap for women. it
also contalns for her untapped possibilities and freedom
(Tong 1989 78) O'Brlen analyses reproductlon through the
lens of male alienation from reproductlon. Man's allenation
from reproduction, and from children, she says, rests on
three factors First, the spatial and temporal continuity
between the ovum and the resulting chlld is unbroken, taklng
place inslde the woman's body, whereas the Spatial and
temporal continuity between the sperm and the resulting
child is broken, taklng place outside the man's body
Second, women, not men, perform the fundamental labour of