City of Light: The Story of Fiber Optics

More documents

Recommendations

Info

APPENDIX B 277 Spring and Telecom bubble deflates and stocks tumble. Lay<strong>of</strong>fs Summer 2001: begin. December 2001: TAT-8 submarine cable fails. It is later retired because repairs would be too expensive and other transatlantic cables have extra capacity. July 21, 2002: WorldCom files for bankruptcy, the largest bankruptcy in U.S. corporate history. January 2003: Total transatlantic transmission capacity in use is 2700 billion bits per second, about 5000 times that <strong>of</strong> TAT-8. Total potential capacity is 12,300 billion bits per second.
This page intentionally left blank
Page 1 and 2:
City of Light: The Story of Fiber O
Page 3 and 4:
THE SLOAN TECHNOLOGY SERIES Dark Su
Page 5 and 6:
3 Oxford New York Auckland Bangkok
Page 7 and 8:
THE SLOAN TECHNOLOGY SERIES Technol
Page 9 and 10:
viii PREFACE TO THE PAPERBACK EDITI
Page 11 and 12:
x PREFACE bright and beautiful idea
Page 13 and 14:
xii CONTENTS 13 A Demonstration for
Page 15 and 16:
Page 17 and 18:
4 CITY OF LIGHT reach across the wo
Page 19 and 20:
6 CITY OF LIGHT Laser Focus. It was
Page 21 and 22:
8 CITY OF LIGHT speech—300 to 300
Page 23 and 24:
10 CITY OF LIGHT patients’ throat
Page 25 and 26:
2 Guiding Light and Luminous Founta
Page 27 and 28:
14 CITY OF LIGHT Figure 2-1: Collad
Page 29 and 30:
16 CITY OF LIGHT Special Effects fo
Page 31 and 32:
18 CITY OF LIGHT the British exhibi
Page 33 and 34:
Figure 2-3: A mirror aimed light fr
Page 35 and 36:
Figure 2-4: William Wheeler’s lig
Page 37 and 38:
24 CITY OF LIGHT Total Internal Ref
Page 39 and 40:
26 CITY OF LIGHT into glass bend in
Page 41 and 42:
3 Fibers of Glass I do not believe,
Page 43 and 44:
30 CITY OF LIGHT sington district o
Page 45 and 46:
32 CITY OF LIGHT made: ‘‘All th
Page 47 and 48:
4 The Quest for Remote Viewing Tele
Page 49 and 50:
36 CITY OF LIGHT An Array of Light
Page 51 and 52:
38 CITY OF LIGHT He never got that
Page 53 and 54:
40 CITY OF LIGHT reading to a dista
Page 55 and 56:
42 CITY OF LIGHT Lamm decided a bun
Page 57 and 58:
44 CITY OF LIGHT He hurried to the
Page 59 and 60:
5 A Critical Insight The Birth of t
Page 61 and 62:
48 CITY OF LIGHT Figure 5-1: Total
Page 63 and 64:
50 CITY OF LIGHT Corning Glass Work
Page 65 and 66:
52 CITY OF LIGHT in 1925. He was a
Page 67 and 68:
54 CITY OF LIGHT in single fibers.
Page 69 and 70:
56 CITY OF LIGHT little known outsi
Page 71 and 72:
58 CITY OF LIGHT Hopkins knew he ne
Page 73 and 74:
A good 6 99 Percent Perspiration Th
Page 75 and 76:
62 CITY OF LIGHT school building eq
Page 77 and 78:
64 CITY OF LIGHT dle, the longest y
Page 79 and 80:
66 CITY OF LIGHT some weeks later,
Page 81 and 82:
68 CITY OF LIGHT A Problem with Ima
Page 83 and 84:
70 CITY OF LIGHT ble—among other
Page 85 and 86:
72 CITY OF LIGHT bundles into facep
Page 87 and 88:
74 CITY OF LIGHT Some applications
Page 89 and 90:
A t 7 A Vision of the Future Commun
Page 91 and 92:
78 CITY OF LIGHT phone, and asking
Page 93 and 94:
80 CITY OF LIGHT Figure 7-1: Modula
Page 95 and 96:
82 CITY OF LIGHT Figure 7-2: Alexan
Page 97 and 98:
84 CITY OF LIGHT Newfoundland, whil
Page 99 and 100:
86 CITY OF LIGHT long distance. The
Page 101 and 102:
88 CITY OF LIGHT ways to modulate a
Page 103 and 104:
90 CITY OF LIGHT Fibers as Dielectr
Page 105 and 106:
8 The Laser Stimulates the Emission
Page 107 and 108:
94 CITY OF LIGHT Maiman used ruby b
Page 109 and 110:
96 CITY OF LIGHT Waveguides for Lig
Page 111 and 112:
98 CITY OF LIGHT the potential of c
Page 113 and 114:
100 CITY OF LIGHT profits. Nor were
Page 115 and 116:
102 CITY OF LIGHT could not carry i
Page 117 and 118:
104 CITY OF LIGHT costs, particular
Page 119 and 120:
106 CITY OF LIGHT that was promisin
Page 121 and 122:
108 CITY OF LIGHT date the fiber gu
Page 123 and 124:
110 CITY OF LIGHT combination of wo
Page 125 and 126:
112 CITY OF LIGHT lindrical claddin
Page 127 and 128:
114 CITY OF LIGHT that fiber-optic
Page 129 and 130:
116 CITY OF LIGHT Table 9-1 What De
Page 131 and 132:
118 CITY OF LIGHT devices making bu
Page 133 and 134:
120 CITY OF LIGHT Military Support
Page 135 and 136:
122 CITY OF LIGHT A Budgetary Windf
Page 137 and 138:
124 CITY OF LIGHT It’s a big chal
Page 139 and 140:
126 CITY OF LIGHT it made eminent s
Page 141 and 142:
128 CITY OF LIGHT Japanese companie
Page 143 and 144:
130 CITY OF LIGHT reviewed optical
Page 145 and 146:
132 CITY OF LIGHT silica stared him
Page 147 and 148:
134 CITY OF LIGHT Fused silica was
Page 149 and 150:
136 CITY OF LIGHT University of Wat
Page 151 and 152:
138 CITY OF LIGHT pulling about 160
Page 153 and 154:
140 CITY OF LIGHT worry about compe
Page 155 and 156:
142 CITY OF LIGHT The few other fib
Page 157 and 158:
144 CITY OF LIGHT Maurer also lost
Page 159 and 160:
146 CITY OF LIGHT these nice low lo
Page 161 and 162:
148 CITY OF LIGHT transistor electr
Page 163 and 164:
150 CITY OF LIGHT Figure 12-1: The
Page 165 and 166:
152 CITY OF LIGHT much that the las
Page 167 and 168:
154 CITY OF LIGHT Figure 12-2: The
Page 169 and 170:
156 CITY OF LIGHT Nick Holonyak, Jr
Page 171 and 172:
158 CITY OF LIGHT Downs and Ups at
Page 173 and 174:
13 A Demonstration for the Queen (1
Page 175 and 176:
162 CITY OF LIGHT Marsh saw the pro
Page 177 and 178:
164 CITY OF LIGHT A pair of wires c
Page 179 and 180:
166 CITY OF LIGHT proposed, Bell co
Page 181 and 182:
168 CITY OF LIGHT link switching ce
Page 183 and 184:
170 CITY OF LIGHT meetings—until
Page 185 and 186:
172 CITY OF LIGHT variation, althou
Page 187 and 188:
174 CITY OF LIGHT bels. 93 All syst
Page 189 and 190:
14 Three Generations in Five Years
Page 191 and 192:
178 CITY OF LIGHT modest increase i
Page 193 and 194:
180 CITY OF LIGHT The Rise of Irvin
Page 195 and 196:
182 CITY OF LIGHT British Field Tri
Page 197 and 198:
184 CITY OF LIGHT On March 27 Horig
Page 199 and 200:
186 CITY OF LIGHT millions of bits
Page 201 and 202:
188 CITY OF LIGHT Opening the 1.3-m
Page 203 and 204:
190 CITY OF LIGHT pack of beer. The
Page 205 and 206:
192 CITY OF LIGHT The Chinese also
Page 207 and 208:
194 CITY OF LIGHT but the infusion
Page 209 and 210:
196 CITY OF LIGHT In January 1980,
Page 211 and 212:
198 CITY OF LIGHT contracts for sin
Page 213 and 214:
200 CITY OF LIGHT munications was a
Page 215 and 216:
202 CITY OF LIGHT elements. A call
Page 217 and 218:
204 CITY OF LIGHT between them, and
Page 219 and 220:
206 CITY OF LIGHT 1978, when they b
Page 221 and 222:
208 CITY OF LIGHT of fiber together
Page 223 and 224:
210 CITY OF LIGHT bles, and the Fre
Page 225 and 226:
212 CITY OF LIGHT reaching the wate
Page 227 and 228:
214 CITY OF LIGHT microwave counter
Page 229 and 230:
16 The Last Mile An Elusive Vision
Page 231 and 232:
218 CITY OF LIGHT rebuilding to pro
Page 233 and 234:
220 CITY OF LIGHT transmission dist
Page 235 and 236:
222 CITY OF LIGHT puter that showed
Page 237 and 238:
224 CITY OF LIGHT Aftermaths of Ear
Page 239 and 240: 226 CITY OF LIGHT Although fibers w
Page 241 and 242: 228 CITY OF LIGHT it was time for h
Page 243 and 244: 230 CITY OF LIGHT was selling fiber
Page 245 and 246: 232 CITY OF LIGHT part of Lucent Te
Page 247 and 248: 234 CITY OF LIGHT miles. Racks of e
Page 249 and 250: 236 CITY OF LIGHT Today’s Technol
Page 251 and 252: 238 CITY OF LIGHT on the overhead c
Page 253 and 254: 240 CITY OF LIGHT innovators were c
Page 255 and 256: 242 CITY OF LIGHT The erbium amplif
Page 257 and 258: 244 CITY OF LIGHT sent signals at f
Page 259 and 260: 246 CITY OF LIGHT the same type of
Page 261 and 262: 248 CITY OF LIGHT ments. Nor could
Page 263 and 264: 250 CITY OF LIGHT passed 10,000 for
Page 265 and 266: 252 CITY OF LIGHT space. Anyone who
Page 267 and 268: 254 CITY OF LIGHT they didn’t nee
Page 269 and 270: 256 CITY OF LIGHT Like the fiber bu
Page 271 and 272: 258 CITY OF LIGHT Bergano, Neal: Be
Page 273 and 274: 260 CITY OF LIGHT Holonyak, Nick, J
Page 275 and 276: 262 CITY OF LIGHT Norton, Frederick
Page 277 and 278: 264 CITY OF LIGHT proposal for fibe
Page 279 and 280: 266 CITY OF LIGHT 1887: Charles Ver
Page 281 and 282: 268 CITY OF LIGHT 1956: First trans
Page 283 and 284: 270 CITY OF LIGHT abandon thin-film
Page 285 and 286: 272 CITY OF LIGHT 1971-1972: Focus
Page 287 and 288: 274 CITY OF LIGHT September 1978: F
Page 289: 276 CITY OF LIGHT February 1993: Mo
Page 293 and 294: 280 NOTES TO PAGES 13-17 6. Daniel
Page 295 and 296: 282 NOTES TO PAGES 23-27 37. It was
Page 297 and 298: 284 NOTES TO PAGES 35-39 4. H. C. S
Page 299 and 300: 286 NOTES TO PAGES 44-50 of Munich
Page 301 and 302: 288 NOTES TO PAGES 54-59 47. Lee Du
Page 303 and 304: 290 NOTES TO PAGES 65-70 18. Court
Page 305 and 306: 292 NOTES TO PAGES 74-80 way taken
Page 307 and 308: 294 NOTES TO PAGES 88-91 35. Antoni
Page 309 and 310: 296 NOTES TO PAGES 95-99 on Lasers
Page 311 and 312: 298 NOTES TO PAGES 103-110 Chapter
Page 313 and 314: 300 NOTES TO PAGES 119-123 that pro
Page 315 and 316: 302 NOTES TO PAGES 129-140 59. See
Page 317 and 318: 304 NOTES TO PAGES 147-151 of atten
Page 319 and 320: 306 NOTES TO PAGES 155-159 1970); p
Page 321 and 322: 308 NOTES TO PAGES 163-166 broadcas
Page 323 and 324: 310 NOTES TO PAGES 168-171 51. Reev
Page 325 and 326: 312 NOTES TO PAGES 174-178 95. A. G
Page 327 and 328: 314 NOTES TO PAGES 183-186 37. Keck
Page 329 and 330: 316 NOTES TO PAGES 192-197 76. Inte
Page 331 and 332: 318 NOTES TO PAGES 202-208 3. Arthu
Page 333 and 334: 320 NOTES TO PAGES 213-220 54. Davi
Page 335 and 336: 322 NOTES TO PAGES 223-229 Sandbank
Page 337 and 338: 324 NOTES TO PAGES 236-242 29. Tom
Page 339 and 340: 326 NOTES TO PAGES 246-253 31. Kazu
Page 341 and 342:
Page 343 and 344:
330 INDEX Barlow, Harold 86, 110, 1
Page 345 and 346:
332 INDEX Endoscopes 41-44, 51, 57-
Page 347 and 348:
334 INDEX Index of refraction 24-26
Page 349 and 350:
336 INDEX Møller Hansen, Holger 50
Page 351 and 352:
338 INDEX Rocky Point Laboratory (R
Page 353:
340 INDEX ULE glass 133-134 Ulexite
show all

City of Light: The Story of Fiber Optics

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?