City of Light: The Story of Fiber Optics

260 CITY OF LIGHT
Holonyak, Nick, Jr.: Pioneer in LEDs and diode lasers at General Electric and
University of Illinois.
Hopkins, Harold H. (1918–1994): British physicist and optical designer who
proposed and developed imaging bundles in 1950s.
Hopkins, Robert: Succeeded Brian O’Brien as head of the University of Rochester’s
Institute of Optics.
Horiguchi, Masaharu: Nippon Telegraph and Telephone co-developer of first
fibers with low loss at 1.3 and 1.55 micrometers.
Hsieh, J. Jim: Chinese-born American physicist who made first long-wavelength
diode lasers at MIT Lincoln Lab, then founded Lasertron to manufacture
them.
Hudson, Marshall: Fiber engineer at Corning and Valtec.
Hyde, Frank: Corning Glass Works chemist who developed flame hydrolysis process
to make fused silica in 1930s.
ITT: Originally International Telephone and Telegraph Corporation, which became
a conglomerate in the 1960s under Harold Geneen, but later sold its
communications business.
Jacobs, Ira: Director of digital transmission at Bell Labs, Holmdel; headed development
of early fiber systems.
Jaeger, Ray: Early fiber developer at Bell Labs; later founded Spectran Corporation.
Javan, Ali: Invented helium-neon laser at Bell Labs.
Jenkins, C. Francis (1867–1934): American inventor of movie projector and
mechanical television; used glass rods to guide light in one patented television
receiver.
Kahn, Irving (1917–1994): Cable-television promoter and fiber-optic entrepreneur.
Kaiser, Peter: Bell Labs specialist in gas lenses and fiber optics.
Kao, Charles Kuen (1933–): Engineer who proposed that fiber-optic loss could
be reduced below 20 decibels per kilometer, launching modern fiber-optic
communications. Led first fiber-optic communications research program at
Standard Telecommunication Laboratories. Later president of Chinese University
of Hong Kong.
Kapany, Narinder S. (1927–): Indian-born physicist and entrepreneur who
earned first doctorate in fiber optics for research directed by Harold H. Hopkins;
a prolific author who popularized fiber optics.
Kapron, Felix: Theoretical physicist who calculated and measured properties of
Corning’s first low-loss fiber.
Karbowiak, Antoni E.: Engineering manager at Standard Telecommunication
Labs; worked on millimeter waveguides and early thin-film and fiber-optic
communications.
Kawahata, Masahiro: Director of Japan’s Hi-OVIS project for fiber to the home.
Kawakami, Shojiro: Fiber developer at Tohoku University; improved gradedindex
fibers.
Keck, Donald: Physicist on Corning team that made first low-loss fiber; later
director of optics and photonics research at Corning.