TEchNOLOGy TRaNSFER MODEL - Javna agencija

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BUSINESS CULTURE
Why use it?
The fishbone diagram helps people organize and view material that might otherwise be lost. Seeing cause and effect graphically
enhances the understanding of a particular issue and encourages groups not to overlook factors that impact a problem or goal.
When to use it
• To identify what is needed to achieve a certain goal or desired outcome.
• To identify which values must be taken into account to achieve a certain goal.
• To identify the possible causes of a problem.
• To identify which vales might be violated/disregarded due to a problem.
How to use it
1. Facilitate the group to agree on a problem statement or a desired outcome (goal). Abbreviate the problem statement or goal and
write it in the box at the “head” of the fish. Draw a long arrow horizontally or vertically toward the box.
2. Brainstorm (on a separate sheet or flip-chart paper, if necessary)
the major categories of the problem or goal area. There are usually
from three to seven. Write each category in a box and draw
lines from each category box to the main line.
3. After helping the group identify major categories, encourage people
to think about all possible causes of the problem or about the
factors necessary for achieving the goal. As each cause or factor is
identified, determine with the group what category it falls under,
and record it on the appropriate line. If there sub causes or sub
factors, they can be written as branches or small “bones” off the
appropriate line. Encourage the group to come up with sub causes
or sub factors by asking “Why does this happen?” or “What causes
this to happen?” If there are main branches with only few ideas,
ask the group to consider these categories further. For example,
ask, “How is factor 1 contributing to the problem?”
3.9.2 Generating ideas – brainstorming
What it is
It is a structured technique that encourages the generation of a large
quantity of ideas in a group setting. All ideas are recorded, and no
judgements or evaluations are made. Brainstorming is probably one
of most popular technique, used to expand the thinking process, and
works on the premise that even crazy and wild ideas should be listed.
Why use it?
The there main reasons to brainstorm are:
• To foster creativity by encouraging people to think beyond the conventional.
• To record all ideas, then clarify and discuss them later.
• To take advantage of synergy that –occurs when people think creatively
together.
When to use it
Use brainstorming to look at all aspects of a problem, to list possible solutions or alternatives, to imagine the impact of a decision,
and to explore possible goals. Brainstorming helps people think beyond boundaries and stretches their imagination. Using this technique
keeps people from jumping to a decision about an idea without considering or weighing it against other ideas.
How to use it
There are numerous approaches to brainstorming, but the traditional approach is generally the most effective because it is the most
energetic and openly collaborative, allowing participants to build on each others’ ideas. People think of brainstorming as any activity
that generates ideas, when in fact true brainstorming is a structured process with specific rules. Many brainstorming session are not
run according to the rules. True brainstorming allows people to submit ideas, but no to evaluate or critique them later.
A brainstorming session requires a facilitator, a brainstorming space and something on which to write ideas, such as a white-board
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