Untitled - International Rice Research Institute

Detection frequency (%)
120
100
East Asia
Europe
Latin America
South Asia
Southeast Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa
80
60
40
20
0
Detection level (%)
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
Year
Fig. 52. Detection frequency (a) and level (b) of Phoma sp. from imported untreated seeds, 1990-97.
azonated and loosely floccose to hairy with even
margins. Aerial mycelia are pressed to the media,
olive black at the center, and become grayish olive to
olive yellow outward. On the reverse side of the agar
plate, the colony appears zonated. It is dark olive at
the center and becomes grayish olive to olive yellow
toward the margins. At 21 °C under alternating 12-h
NUV light and 12-h darkness, colonies are thin but
spread very fast and attain a 6.89-cm diam in 5 d.
They are azonated with even margins. Aerial mycelia
are pressed to the media. The color is dark olive
green at the center and grayish olive outward. On the
reverse side of the agar plate, the colony appears
azonated. The color is olive black at the center and
dark olive outward. At 28 °C under alternating 12-h
fluorescent light and 12-h darkness, colonies spread
thinly but very fast and attain a 7.10-cm diam in 5 d.
They are azonated to slightly zonated, hairy to
loosely floccose with even submerged margins, and
grayish olive. On the reverse side of the agar plate,
the colony appears slightly zonated and is dark olive,
becoming lighter outward.
49