Untitled - International Rice Research Institute

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They are feathery to slightly fluffy, zonated with even to slightly uneven margins, and alternating olive yellow and dark olive with 5-mm light yellow margins. On the reverse side of the agar plate, the colony appears azonated to slightly zonated, black, and becomes dark greenish gray to olive black toward the margin. Colonies on MEA at ART (28–30 °C) grow very slowly and attain a 2.29-cm diam in 5 d. Colonies are scanty with fluffy aerial mycelia, azonated with uneven margins, and olive gray with grayish yellow aerial mycelia. The colony appears azonated and olive black on the reverse side of the agar plate. At 21 °C under alternating 12-h NUV light and 12-h darkness, colonies are restricted in growth and attain a 1.71-cm diam in 5 d. They are azonated with crenate margins, velvety, and olive black with white to dark olive mycelial tufts. The colony appears zonated and olive black to black on the reverse side of the agar plate. At 28 °C under alternating 12-h fluorescent light and 12-h darkness, colonies are restricted in growth and attain a 1.71-cm diam in 5 d. They are azonated with crenate margins, velvety with slightly fluffy centers, and dark greenish gray to olive black. The colony on the reverse side of the agar plate appears azonated and black. Cercospora janseana (Racib.) Const. syn. Cercospora oryzae Miyake teleomorph: Sphaerulina oryzina Hara Disease caused: narrow brown leaf spot a. Symptoms Short, linear, brown lesions most common on leaves but also occur on leaf sheaths, pedicels, and glumes. b. Occurrence/distribution The disease has worldwide distribution (Fig. 14). c. Disease history The disease was first observed in North America before 1910 but its detailed description was re- Fig. 14. Occurrence of narrow brown leaf spot (Ou 1985, Agarwal and Mathur 1988, EPPO 1997). 21
ported in 1910 in Japan. The causal fungus was named Cercospora oryzae. In 1982, the fungus was renamed as C. janseana. d. Importance in crop production The disease reduces effective leaf area of the plant and causes premature senescence of infected leaves and sheaths. Together with leaf scald, it may cause 0.1% yield loss across all rice production situations in Asia. Detection on seed a. Incubation on blotter Using the blotter test, C. janseana can be observed on rice seed 7 d after incubation in NUV light at 21 °C. The frequency of detection is
Page 2 and 3: Contents Foreword Preface v vi INTR
Page 4 and 5: Introduction The purpose of seed he
Page 6 and 7: Functions of seed health testing Se
Page 8 and 9: % infected seed lots 100 80 60 40 2
Page 10 and 11: Table 3. Pathogen profiles closely
Page 12 and 13: Table 4. Germination (%) of untreat
Page 14 and 15: Microorganisms associated with seed
Page 16 and 17: Identification of fungi detected on
Page 18 and 19: Detection frequency (%) 100 80 60 4
Page 20 and 21: moderately fast and attain a 4.32-c
Page 22 and 23: Detection frequency (%) 120 100 Eas
Page 26 and 27: Observed frequency (%) 120 100 80 6
Page 28 and 29: Frequency level (%) 120 100 East As
Page 30 and 31: a 4.90-cm diam in 5 d. They are eve
Page 32 and 33: Detection frequency (%) 90 80 East
Page 34 and 35: gray, becoming dark near the margin
Page 38 and 39: Sarocladium oryzae (Sawada) W. Gams
Page 40 and 41: a b c e f d f Fig. 35. Habit charac
Page 42 and 43: Fig. 38. Occurrence of black kernel
Page 44 and 45: a b d → → → e → f → f →
Page 46 and 47: d a b e → → → → → f c g h
Page 48 and 49: Fig. 46. Occurrence of minute leaf
Page 50 and 51: of the agar plate appears slightly
Page 52 and 53: Detection frequency (%) 120 100 Eas
Page 54 and 55: Pinatubo oryzae Manandhar & Mew Dis
Page 56 and 57: ange with orange. The pionnotes are
Page 60 and 61: Other fungi detected on rice seeds
Page 62 and 63: a b e c d Fig. 65. Habit character
Page 64 and 65: a d d b c Fig. 69. Habit character
Page 66 and 67: → → → a b f f e d e e c f Fig
Page 68 and 69: a b a Fig. 76. Habit character of F
Page 70 and 71: a b d c d e e Fig. 79. Habit charac
Page 72 and 73: a b c → → → d → Fig. 83. Ha
Page 74 and 75:
→ → → a b d c Fig. 86. Habit
Page 76 and 77:
a b c Fig. 89. Habit character of P
Page 78 and 79:
a b d c e Fig. 92. Habit character
Page 80 and 81:
→ → → → a b e f → c d Fig
Page 82 and 83:
a b c d Fig. 100. Habit character o
Page 84 and 85:
→ → → → → → a → →
Page 86:
Savary S, Willocquet L, Elazegui FA
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Untitled - International Rice Research Institute

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