442 A <strong>HISTORY</strong> <strong>OF</strong> MATE EMATICAL NOTATIONS Kmten, W. J. G.: algebraic symbols, 371; padel, 368; sirpilaf, 372; eigm in geometry, 387; &vlslon, 275 &ye, G. R., 75, 76, 77, 80, 109, 250 Kegel, J. M., 208 Keill, J. : edition <strong>of</strong> Euclid, 386 Kepler, J., 261, 278, 283; astronomical sigm, 358; powen, 296 Kersey, John, 248, 251, 304 307; aggregation 345; angle, 360; ' circle, 367; ?aradel, 368; perpendicular, 364; pictographs, 365; ra&cal slgm, 332, 335; nght angle, 363 Kinckhuysen, G., 264, 341; use <strong>of</strong> star, 356 Kirkby, John, 245, 248, 386; arithmetical proportion, 249; sign for evolution, 328 Kirkman, T. P., 240, 286; aggregation, 354 Klebitius, Wil., 160, 207 Kliigel, G. S., 47, 208; angle, 360; "mem," 365; pictographs, 359, 360; similar, 372 Knots records: in Peru, 62-64; in China, 69 Knott, C. G., 282 Kobel, J., 55 KGnig, J. S., aggregation, 354 Kijppe, K., similar and congruent, 372 Kosegarten, 88 Kowalewski, G., 211 Kratzer, A., 270, 271 Krause, 246 Kresa, J., 206, 254 Kritter, J. A., 208 Krogh, G. C., 208 Kronecker, L., 374; [a], 211 Kubitschek, 34 La Caille, Nicolas Louis de, 258 Lagny, T. F., de, 258, 266, 268; radical signs, 330,331; use <strong>of</strong> a star, 356 Lagrange, J., 387; parentheses, 352,354 Lalande, F. de, 95; aggregation, 354 Lampridius, Aelius, 51 Lamy, B., 206, 248, 249,255, 257, 264 Landen, John, circular arc, 370 Lansberg, Philip, 250 Laplace, P. S., gW7; aggregation, 354; imaginary 1/ - 1, 346 Latin cross, 205, 206 Lalw ("side"), 290; Burvey <strong>of</strong>, 322; use <strong>of</strong> I for z, 186, 322; use <strong>of</strong> L for powers and roots, 174, 175 Layng, A. E., 246; angle, 360; parallelogram, 365 Lee, Chauncey, 221,254,287 Leechman, J. D., 65 Legendre, A. M., 231; aggregation, 354; angle, 363; algebraic slgm, 371; geometry, 387 Leibniz, G. W., 197, 198, 233, 237, 341, 386; aggregatlon, 344, 34!%51, 354; dot for multiplication, 285; equality, 263, 266, 267: fractions, 275; ge* metrical pryiortion, 255, 258, 259; geometric c~lngruence, 372; lettering figures, 377; powers, 303, 304; quotations from, 197, 198, 259; radical sign, 331; signs for division, 238, 244, 246; variable exponents, 310 Lemoch, I., 288 Lemos, M., 91 Lenormant, F., 5 Leonardo <strong>of</strong> Pisa: surve <strong>of</strong> his signs, 122; 91, 134, 219, 220, $35; fractions, 271, 273; letten for numbers, 351; lettering figures, 376; radix, 290,292, 318 Lepsius, R., 5 Leslie, John, 371 Less than, 183. See Inequality Lettering <strong>of</strong> geometric figures, 376 Letters: use <strong>of</strong>, for aggregation, 342, 343; capital, as coefficients by Vieta, 176; Cardan, 141; Descartes, 191; Leibniz, 198; Rudolff, 148; small, by Harriot, 188; lettenng figures, 376 Leudesdorf, Ch., 379 Leupold, J., 96 Le Vavasseur, R., 211 Le bourn, William, 252, 292; angle, $60 Lib%, 91, 116, 385 Lieber, H., and F. von LiZhmann: angle, 360; arc <strong>of</strong> circle, 370 Lietzmann, W., 96 LiBvano, I., 248, 249, 258 Line: fractional line, 235, 239; 9 sign <strong>of</strong> equality, 126, 138, 139; as sip <strong>of</strong> division, 235; as sign <strong>of</strong> aggregatlon. See Vinculum Lipka, J., equal approximate, 373 Lobachevaki, angle <strong>of</strong> parallelism, 363
ALPHABETICAL INDEX 443 Local value (principle <strong>of</strong>) : Babylonians, 5, 78; Hebrews, 31; Hindus, 78, 88; Maya, 68,78; Neophytes, 88; Turks, 84 Locke, L. L., 62, 63 Long, Edith, and W. C. Brenke, congruent in geometry, 372 Loomis, Elias, 287 Lorenz, J. F., 216; geometry, 387; incommensurables, 382; similar, 372 Lorey, Adolf: equal and parallel, 369; similar and congruent, 372 LoubBre, De la, 331 Louville, Chevalier de, 258 Lucas, Edouard, 96 Lucas, Lossius, 225, 229 Ludolph van Ceulen, 148, 208, 209, 223; aggregation, 344, 348, 349; radical sign, 332 Lumholtz, K., 65 Lutz, H. F., 12, 13 Lyman, E. A,, parallelogram, 365 Lyte, H., 186 Manndelykse Mathedische Liefheb berye, 330, 336 Macdonald, J. W., equivalent, 375 Macdonald, W. R., 282 McDougall, A. H. : congruent in geometry, 374; similar, 374 Macfarlane, A., 275 Mach, E., right angle, 363 Maclaurin, Colin, 240, 248; aggregrttion, 345; use <strong>of</strong> a star, 356 McMahon, James, equivalent, 375 Macnie, J., equivalent. 375 Mairan, Jean Jaques d'Orton de, 255 Mako. Paulus, 259, 288 Mal, Arabic for z2, 116, 290 Malcolm, A., 248 Manfredi, Gabriele, 257, 331; parentheses, 351 Mangoldt, Hans von, angle, 362 Marini, 49 Marquardt, J., 51 Marre, Aristide, 129 Marsh, John, 289 Martin, T. H., 97 Mason, C., 307 Masterson, Thomas, 171, 278 Mauduit, A. R., 259; perpendicular, 364; s~dar, 372 Maupertuis, P. L., 255; aggregation, 351, 352 Maurolicus, Fr., 303; pictographs in geometry, 359; use <strong>of</strong> R, 319 Maya, 68, 5 Mehler, F. G., angle, 360 Meibomim, M., 251 Meissner, Bruno, 14, 15 Meissner, H., 283 "Mem," Hebrew letter for rectanglc, 365, 366 Mengoli, Petro, 206, 254, 301 Menher, 148 MBray, Ch., 213 Mercastel, J. B. A. de, on ratio, 254, 256 Mercator, N., 252; use <strong>of</strong> star, 194; decimals, 283 Merse~e, M., 209, 266, 273, 301, 302, 339 Metius, Adrian, 186, 225; circle, 367: pictographs, 359, 371 Meurs, John <strong>of</strong>, 271 Meyer, Friedrich, angle, 362 Meyer, H., 287 Meyers, G. W., congruent in geometry. 372; E, 374 Michelsen, J. A. C., 206 Mikami, Yoshio, 119, 120 Milinowski, A., angle, 362 Milne, W. J., equivalent, 375 Minus sign: survey <strong>of</strong>, 208-16; In Bombelli, 144; Buteon, 173; Cavalieri, 179; Cardan, 140; Clavius, 161; Diophantus, 103; Gosselin, 174; HBrigone, 189; Pacioli, 134; Peletier. 172; Recorde, 167; Regiomontanus, 126, 208; sign iii, 131, 132, 134, 142, 172-74, 200; sign -, 189; sign t, 164, 208, 508; Tartaglia, 142, 143; Vieta, 176; not used m early anthmetics, 158 Mitchell, J., 286 Mobius, A. F., angle, 361 Mohammed, 45 Molesworth, W., 385 Molk, J., 211 Moller, G., 16, 18, 21 Mollweide, C. B., 47, 216: similar and congruent, 372 Molyneux, W., 283; radical si-, 331 Mommsen, Th., 46, 51 Monconys, De. 263
- Page 1 and 2:
P. HISTORY OF ' AATHEMATICAL ound A
- Page 3 and 4:
A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATIONS
- Page 5:
PREFACE The study of the history of
- Page 8 and 9:
... vln TABLE OF CONTENTS Byzantine
- Page 10 and 11:
TABLE OF CONTENTS mx.&amms Notation
- Page 12 and 13:
TABLE OF CONTENTS PIRAQRAPER Crosse
- Page 14 and 15:
ILLUSTRATIONS PIQUBE 28 . REAL ESTA
- Page 16 and 17:
PIOURE 91 . RADICALS ILLUSTRATIONS
- Page 18 and 19:
NUMERAL SYhlBOLS AND COMBINATIONS '
- Page 20 and 21:
4 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATIO
- Page 22 and 23:
6 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATIO
- Page 24 and 25:
8 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATIO
- Page 26 and 27:
10 A HISTORY 6F' MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 28 and 29:
12 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 30 and 31:
14 A HISTORY OF MATKEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 32 and 33:
16 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 34 and 35:
18 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL KOTATI
- Page 36 and 37:
20 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 38 and 39:
22 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 40 and 41:
24 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 42 and 43:
26 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 44 and 45:
28 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 46 and 47:
30 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 48 and 49:
32 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 50 and 51:
34 A HISTORY OF MATmMATICAL NOTATIO
- Page 52 and 53:
36 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 54 and 55:
38 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 56 and 57:
40 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 58 and 59:
42 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 60 and 61:
44 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 62 and 63:
A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATIONS
- Page 64 and 65:
48 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 66 and 67:
50 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 68 and 69:
52 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 70 and 71:
34 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 72 and 73:
- 56 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTA
- Page 74 and 75:
58 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 76 and 77:
60 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 78 and 79:
62 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 80 and 81:
64 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 82 and 83:
66 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 84 and 85:
68 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 86 and 87:
70 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 88 and 89:
72 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 90 and 91:
74 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 92 and 93:
76 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 94 and 95:
78 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 96 and 97:
80 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 98 and 99:
82 A HISTORY OF MATmMATICAL NOTATIO
- Page 100 and 101:
84 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 102 and 103:
86 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 104 and 105:
88 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 106 and 107:
90 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 108 and 109:
92 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 110 and 111:
94 A HIETORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 112 and 113:
96 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 114 and 115:
38 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 116 and 117:
100 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 118 and 119:
102 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 120 and 121:
104 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 122 and 123:
106 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 124 and 125:
108 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 126 and 127:
110 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 128 and 129:
112 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 130 and 131:
114 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 132 and 133:
116 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 134 and 135:
118 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 136 and 137:
120 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 138 and 139:
122 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 140 and 141:
124 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 142 and 143:
126 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 144 and 145:
128 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 146 and 147:
130 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 148 and 149:
132 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 150 and 151:
134 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 152 and 153:
136 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 154 and 155:
138 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 156 and 157:
140 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 158 and 159:
142 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 160 and 161:
144 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 162 and 163:
146 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 164 and 165:
148 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 166 and 167:
150 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 168 and 169:
152 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 170 and 171:
154 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 172 and 173:
156 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 174 and 175:
158 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 176 and 177:
160 A HISTORY OF MATIIEMATICAL NOTA
- Page 178 and 179:
162 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 180 and 181:
164 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 182 and 183:
166 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 184 and 185:
168 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 186 and 187:
170 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 188 and 189:
172 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 190 and 191:
174 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 192 and 193:
176 A HISTORY OF MATEFEMATICAL NOTA
- Page 194 and 195:
178 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 196 and 197:
180 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 198 and 199:
182 A HISTORY OF MATREMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 200 and 201:
if54 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTA
- Page 202 and 203:
186 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 204 and 205:
188 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 206 and 207:
' 1652 190 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICA
- Page 208 and 209:
......................... 192 A HIS
- Page 210 and 211:
194 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 212 and 213:
196 A HISTORY OF ,MATHEMATICAL NOTA
- Page 214 and 215:
198 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 216 and 217:
200 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL 'NOTA
- Page 218 and 219:
202 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 220 and 221:
204 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 222 and 223:
A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATIONS
- Page 224 and 225:
208 A HISTORY OF MATHJ3MATICAL NOTA
- Page 226 and 227:
210 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 228 and 229:
212 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 230 and 231:
214 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 232 and 233:
216 ,A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTA
- Page 234 and 235:
218 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 236 and 237:
no A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 238 and 239:
322 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 240 and 241:
224 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 242 and 243:
226 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 244 and 245:
n8 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI
- Page 246 and 247:
230 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 248 and 249:
232 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 250 and 251:
234 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 252 and 253:
236 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 254 and 255:
238 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 256 and 257:
240 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 258 and 259:
2-12 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTA
- Page 260 and 261:
244 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 262 and 263:
246 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 264 and 265:
248 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 266 and 267:
250 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 268 and 269:
252 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 270 and 271:
254 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 272 and 273:
256 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 274 and 275:
258 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 276 and 277:
260 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 278 and 279:
282 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 280 and 281:
264 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 282 and 283:
266 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 284 and 285:
268 A HISTORY OF MATEIEMATICAL NOTA
- Page 286 and 287:
270 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 288 and 289:
272 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 290 and 291:
274 A HISTORY OF MATREMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 292 and 293:
276 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 294 and 295:
278 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 296 and 297:
280 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 298 and 299:
282 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 300 and 301:
284 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 302 and 303:
286 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 304 and 305:
288 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 306 and 307:
@ De 290 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL
- Page 308 and 309:
@ B. 292 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL
- Page 310 and 311:
294 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 312 and 313:
296 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 314 and 315:
298 A HISTORY OF MATEIEMATICAL NOTA
- Page 316 and 317:
300 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 318 and 319:
302 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 320 and 321:
304 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 322 and 323:
306 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 324 and 325:
308 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 326 and 327:
310 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 328 and 329:
312 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 330 and 331:
314 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 332 and 333:
316 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 334 and 335:
318 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 336 and 337:
320 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 338 and 339:
322 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 340 and 341:
324 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 342 and 343:
326 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 344 and 345:
328 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 346 and 347:
330 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 348 and 349:
332 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 350 and 351:
334 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 352 and 353:
336 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 354 and 355:
338 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 356 and 357:
340 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 358 and 359:
342 A HISTORY OF .MATHEMATICAL NOTA
- Page 360 and 361:
344 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 362 and 363:
346 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 364 and 365:
348 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 366 and 367:
350 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 368 and 369:
352 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 370 and 371:
354 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 372 and 373:
356 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 374 and 375:
358 A HISTORY OF MATBEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 376 and 377:
360 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 378 and 379:
362 A HISTORY OF MATHE&lATICAL NOTA
- Page 380 and 381:
364 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 382 and 383:
366 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 384 and 385:
368 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 386 and 387:
370 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 388 and 389:
372 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 390 and 391:
374 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 392 and 393:
376 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 394 and 395:
378 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 396 and 397:
380 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 398 and 399:
382 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 400 and 401:
384 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 402 and 403:
386 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 404 and 405:
388 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 406 and 407:
390 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 408 and 409: 392 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 410 and 411: 394 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 412 and 413: 396 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 414 and 415: 398 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 416 and 417: 400 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 418 and 419: 402 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 420 and 421: @ G. 404 A HISTORY OF MATmMATICAL N
- Page 422 and 423: 406 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 424 and 425: 408 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 426 and 427: 410 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 428 and 429: 412 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 430 and 431: 414 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 432 and 433: 416 A HISTORY OF MATREMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 434 and 435: 418 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 436 and 437: 420 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 438 and 439: 422 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 440 and 441: 424 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 442 and 443: 426 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 444 and 445: 428 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 446 and 447: 430 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 449 and 450: Abacus, 39, 75, 119 Abu Kamil, 273;
- Page 451 and 452: ALPHABETICAL INDEX Birks, John, omi
- Page 453 and 454: ALPHABETICAL INDEX 437 Curtze, M.,
- Page 455 and 456: ALPWETICAL INDEX Fol!inus, H., 208,
- Page 457: ALPHABETICAL INDEX Hindenburg, C. F
- Page 461 and 462: ALPWETICAL INDEX Oliver, Wait, and
- Page 463 and 464: ALPHABETICAL INDFZ Rawlinson, H., 5
- Page 465 and 466: Smith Eugene R.: area, 370; congrue
- Page 467: ALPHABETICAL INDEX 451 Wachter, G.,
- Page 471 and 472: h o ~ u c m TO o THE ~ SECOND VOL-
- Page 473 and 474: TABLE OF CONTENTS PAEAQBbPHB Expone
- Page 475 and 476: TABLE OF CONTENT'% Finite Differenc
- Page 477 and 478: TABLE OF CONTENTS PIIIAQBAPBB C. Co
- Page 479 and 480: INTRODUCTION TO THE SECOND VOLUME I
- Page 481 and 482: TOPICAL SURVEY OF SYMBOLS IN ARITHM
- Page 483 and 484: LE I'TERS REPRESENTING MAGNITUDES .
- Page 485 and 486: LETTERS REPRESENTING MAGNITUDES 5 d
- Page 487 and 488: LETTERS REPRESENTING MAGNITUDES Y'
- Page 489 and 490: LETTERS n AND e 9 William Oughtred1
- Page 491 and 492: LETTERS r AND e 11 he began to use
- Page 493 and 494: LETTERS r AND e 13 mate ratio of th
- Page 495 and 496: DOLLAR MARK 15 The use of the lette
- Page 497 and 498: DOLLAR MARK 17 "dollar" and to have
- Page 499 and 500: DOLLAR MARK 19 lines being marks of
- Page 501 and 502: DOLLAR MARK 21 Ivan Vasquez de Sern
- Page 503 and 504: DOLLAR MARK 18, 19 are from the Dra
- Page 505 and 506: DOLLAR MARK 25 tion of the conventi
- Page 507 and 508: DOLLAR MARK 27 114 and 115. It will
- Page 509 and 510:
THEORY OF NUMBERS 29 405. Conclusio
- Page 511 and 512:
THEORY OF NUMBERS complex integers
- Page 513 and 514:
THEORY OF NUMBERS 33 +'(n) is half
- Page 515 and 516:
THEORY OF NUMBERS 35 deux. Ce signe
- Page 525 and 526:
INFINITY AND TRANSFINITE NUMBERS 45
- Page 527 and 528:
INFINITY AND TRANSFINITE NUMBERS 47
- Page 529 and 530:
CONTINUED FRACTIONS, INFINITE SERIE
- Page 531 and 532:
CONTINUED FRACTIONS, INFINITE SERIE
- Page 533 and 534:
CONTINUED FRACTIONS, INFINITE SERIE
- Page 535 and 536:
CONTINUED FRACTIONS, INFINITE SERIE
- Page 537 and 538:
CONTINUED FRACTIONS, INFINITE SERIE
- Page 539 and 540:
CONTINUED FRACTIONS, INFINITE SERIE
- Page 541 and 542:
THEORY OF COMBINATIONS 61 438. The
- Page 543 and 544:
THEORY OF COMBINATIONS 63 expansion
- Page 545 and 546:
THEORY OF COMBINATIONS 65 in the po
- Page 547 and 548:
THEORY OF COMBINATIONS 67 The polyn
- Page 549 and 550:
THEORY OF COMBINATIONS 69 0, 1, ...
- Page 551 and 552:
THEORY OF COMBINATIONS 2;""3 C, •
- Page 553 and 554:
THEORY OF COMBINATIONS 73 A new des
- Page 555 and 556:
THEORY OF COMBINATIONS 75 universal
- Page 557 and 558:
THEORY OF COMBINATIONS 77 Of course
- Page 559 and 560:
THEORY OF COMBINATIONS 79 ubi k nat
- Page 561 and 562:
THEORY OF COMBINATIONS 81 the eleme
- Page 563 and 564:
THEORY OF COMBINATIONS 83 applying
- Page 565 and 566:
THEORY OF COMBINATIONS brevity, ~(n
- Page 567 and 568:
DETERMINANTS 87 DETERMINANT NOTATIO
- Page 569 and 570:
DETERMINANTS 89 rum bb-ac, a cuius
- Page 571 and 572:
DETERMINANTS 91 Jacobi! chose the r
- Page 573 and 574:
DETERMINANTS and failure to represe
- Page 575 and 576:
DETERMINANTS 95 side the array. The
- Page 577 and 578:
DETERMINANTS 97 and in general the
- Page 579 and 580:
DETERMINANTS 99 may be written! (~,
- Page 581 and 582:
DETERMINANTS 101 Sheppard' follows
- Page 583 and 584:
DETERMINANTS 103 The notation for f
- Page 585 and 586:
LOGARITHMS 105 Most general single-
- Page 587 and 588:
LOGARITHMS 107 The capital letter "
- Page 589 and 590:
LOGARITHMS 109 in Napier's Descript
- Page 591 and 592:
LOGARITHMS 111 Morgan states that "
- Page 593 and 594:
LOGARITHMS 113 en general, aNsera l
- Page 595 and 596:
THEORETICAL ARITHMETIC 115 stand fo
- Page 597 and 598:
THEORETICAL ARITHMETIC 117 argues t
- Page 599 and 600:
THEORETICAL ARITHMETIC 119 485. Imp
- Page 601 and 602:
THEORETICAL ARITHMETIC 121 er." Pro
- Page 603 and 604:
THEORETICAL ARITHMETIC 123 Littlewo
- Page 605 and 606:
THEORETICAL ARITHMETIC 125 494. Gen
- Page 607 and 608:
IMAGINARIES AND VECTOR ANALYSIS 127
- Page 609 and 610:
IMAGINARIES AND VECTOR ANALYSIS 129
- Page 611 and 612:
and laws of combination, without gi
- Page 613 and 614:
IMAGINARIES AND VECTOR ANALYSIS 133
- Page 615 and 616:
IMAGINARIES AND VECTOR ANALYSIS 135
- Page 617 and 618:
IMAGINARIES AND VECTOR ANALYSIS 137
- Page 619 and 620:
IMAGINARIES AND VECTOR ANALYSIS 139
- Page 621 and 622:
IMAGINARIES AND VECTOR ANALYSIS 141
- Page 623 and 624:
TRIGONOMETRY 143 512. A different d
- Page 625 and 626:
TRIGONOMETRY 145 Gioseppe' uses Gra
- Page 627 and 628:
TRIGONOMETRY 147 A novel mark is ad
- Page 629 and 630:
TRIGONOMETRY 149 tion (p. 47) a str
- Page 631 and 632:
TRIGONOMETRY 151 (P. 360) Rad. sin.
- Page 633 and 634:
TRIGONOMETRY 153 As far as the form
- Page 635 and 636:
TRIGONOMETRY 155 lettering is emplo
- Page 637 and 638:
TRIGONOMETRY 157 edition of the boo
- Page 639 and 640:
TRIGONOMETRY 159 also his Trigonome
- Page 641 and 642:
TRIGONOMETRY 161 During the latter
- Page 643 and 644:
TRIGONOMETRY 163 his lack of assert
- Page 645 and 646:
TRIGONOMETRY 165 We close with a re
- Page 647 and 648:
••••••••••• .
- Page 649 and 650:
21. J. A. Segner, Cur.... matMmatic
- Page 651 and 652:
TRIGONOMETRY 171 9. G. U. A. Vieth,
- Page 653 and 654:
TRIGONOMETRY 173 J. Houel! in 1864
- Page 655 and 656:
TRIGONOMETRY 175 tan [(ct>, x)] =ta
- Page 657 and 658:
TRIGONOMETRY 177 for the calculus,
- Page 659 and 660:
TRIGONOMETRY 179 formula "4 sin.f1=
- Page 661 and 662:
SYMBOLS USED BY LEIBNIZ 181 sponded
- Page 663 and 664:
SYMBOLS USED BY LEIBNIZ 183 by two
- Page 665 and 666:
SYMBOLS USED BY LEIBNIZ 185 desuetu
- Page 667 and 668:
SYMBOLS USED BY LEIBNIZ 187 544. Si
- Page 669 and 670:
SYMBOLS USED BY LEIBNIZ 189 Sign Me
- Page 671 and 672:
SYMBOLS USED BY LEIllNIZ 191 552. P
- Page 673 and 674:
SYMBOLS USED BY LEIBNIZ 193 558. Fu
- Page 675 and 676:
SYMBOLS USED BY LEIBNIZ 195 BC, or
- Page 677 and 678:
DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS 197 2. SYMBOL
- Page 679 and 680:
DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS 199 few other
- Page 681 and 682:
DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS 201 duced Flu
- Page 683 and 684:
DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS 203 admirable
- Page 685 and 686:
DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS 205 did he su
- Page 687 and 688:
DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS 207 Here the
- Page 689 and 690:
DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS 209 1797 edit
- Page 691 and 692:
DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS 211 Kramp say
- Page 693 and 694:
DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS 213 580. S. F
- Page 695 and 696:
DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS 215 Nor had L
- Page 697 and 698:
DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS 217 The varia
- Page 699 and 700:
DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS 219 the book
- Page 701 and 702:
DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS 221 l'Hospita
- Page 703 and 704:
DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS 223 different
- Page 705 and 706:
DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS 225 x and y,
- Page 707 and 708:
DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS . 'l2.7 shoul
- Page 709 and 710:
DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS 229 represent
- Page 711 and 712:
DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS 231 cannot be
- Page 713 and 714:
DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS 233 607. M. O
- Page 715 and 716:
DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS 235 610. Cauc
- Page 717 and 718:
DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS 237 values ac
- Page 719 and 720:
DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS 239 "The stud
- Page 721 and 722:
DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS 241 618. T. M
- Page 723 and 724:
INTEGRAL CALCULUS 243 In Leibnizens
- Page 725 and 726:
INTEGRAL CALCULUS 245 nizian notati
- Page 727 and 728:
INTEGRAL CALCULUS 247 In Newton's P
- Page 729 and 730:
INTEGRAL CALCULUS 249 624. A. L. Cr
- Page 731 and 732:
INTEGRAL CALCULUS 251 claiming for
- Page 733 and 734:
INTEGRAL CALCULUS 253 6. CALCULUS N
- Page 735 and 736:
INTEGRAL CALCULUS 255 and "Lim. ~~.
- Page 737 and 738:
INTEGRAL CALCULUS 257 limit, when .
- Page 739 and 740:
INTEGRAL CALCULUS 259 introduced th
- Page 741 and 742:
INTEGRAL CALCULUS 261 Diderot's Enc
- Page 743 and 744:
FINITE DIFFERENCES 263 FINITE DIFFE
- Page 745 and 746:
FINITE DIFFERENCES 265 Wide accepta
- Page 747 and 748:
THEORY OF FUNCTIONS 267 introductio
- Page 749 and 750:
THEORY OF FUNCTIONS 269 1747 D'Alem
- Page 751 and 752:
THEORY OF FUNCTIONS 271 by Cauchy'
- Page 753 and 754:
THEORY OF FUNCTIONS 273 Hence this
- Page 755 and 756:
THEORY OF FUNCTIONS 275 where the a
- Page 757 and 758:
THEORY OF FUNCTIONS 277 he employed
- Page 759 and 760:
THEORY OF FUNCTIONS 279 in a series
- Page 761 and 762:
258 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 763 and 764:
260 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 765 and 766:
262 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 767 and 768:
264 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 769 and 770:
266 . A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOT
- Page 771 and 772:
268 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 773 and 774:
270 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 775 and 776:
272 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 777 and 778:
274 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 779 and 780:
'* 276 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL
- Page 781 and 782:
278 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 783 and 784:
280 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 785 and 786:
282 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 787 and 788:
284 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 789 and 790:
286 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 791 and 792:
288 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 793 and 794:
290 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 795 and 796:
292 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 797 and 798:
294 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 799 and 800:
296 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 801 and 802:
298 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 803 and 804:
300 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 805 and 806:
302 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 807 and 808:
304 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 809 and 810:
306 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 811 and 812:
308 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 813 and 814:
310 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 815 and 816:
312 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 817 and 818:
314 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 819 and 820:
316 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 821 and 822:
318 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 823 and 824:
320 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 825 and 826:
322 A HISTORY OF MATHEJ\lATICAL NOT
- Page 827 and 828:
324 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 829 and 830:
326 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 831 and 832:
328 A HISTOHY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 833 and 834:
330 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 835 and 836:
332 A HISTORY m' :\L\THEMATICAL NOT
- Page 837 and 838:
334 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 839 and 840:
336 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 841 and 842:
338 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 843 and 844:
340 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 845 and 846:
342 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 847 and 848:
344 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 849 and 850:
346 A HlfTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 851 and 852:
348 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 853 and 854:
350 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 855 and 856:
352 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 857 and 858:
354 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 859 and 860:
356 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 861 and 862:
358 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 863 and 864:
360 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 865 and 866:
362 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 867 and 868:
364 A HISTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTAT
- Page 869 and 870:
366 A mSTORY OF MATHEMATICAL NOTATI