Søren H. Rasmussen terrestrial <strong>Svalbard</strong> poly<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>rmal glacier. Larsbreen and Platåbreen are different than <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> typical <strong>Svalbard</strong> model, which is caused by <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> presence of a debris cover. The debris-cover reduces <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> melt rate and <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>reby active glacier ice coring <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> moraines all <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> way to <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> fr<strong>on</strong>t of <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> moraine. This allows <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> glacier still to be at <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> LIA maximum. Retreat of <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> glacier is manifested by thinning of <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> glacier instead. By melting debris accumulating <strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> glacier surface and <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>reby <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> fr<strong>on</strong>t of <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> clean glacier ice moves upglacier. Glaciofluvial processes are transporting sediments away form <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> moraines. Nearest <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>se meltwater channels wasting of <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> moraines are larges, do to <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> channels cut down into <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> moraine, removing of sediments and c<strong>on</strong>tributory factor for generating debris-flow. The steep sides of <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> valley Larsbreen is lying in and thinning of <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> glacier are causes for a sloping of <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> moraine toward <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> middle. The slope of <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> moraine means <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> gravity flow and transport with water are working in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> same directi<strong>on</strong>. At Platåbreen some areas of <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> moraine are nearly horiz<strong>on</strong>tal and <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>reby preventing gravity flow. Fur<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r more <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>re are now channels observed in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>se areas, telling that <strong>on</strong>ly a small amount of water are running here. By thinking <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> deglaciati<strong>on</strong> to <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> end it is estimated that debris <strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> flat laying fr<strong>on</strong>tal moraine of Platåbreen has a high preservati<strong>on</strong> potential, because <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> less running water and gravity flow. In c<strong>on</strong>trast moraine lying <strong>on</strong> steep valley sides, like <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> moraine of Larsbreen, has a low potential of preservati<strong>on</strong> due to gravity and water working toge<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r, transporting <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> sediments to streams for fur<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r transport out of <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> system. Reference Benn, D. I., Kirkbride, M. P., Owen, L. A. and Brazier, V. (2006), Glaciated Valley Landsystems, In: Evans, J. A. D. <str<strong>on</strong>g>Deglaciati<strong>on</strong></str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>dynamics</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>following</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Little</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Ice</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Age</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>on</strong> <strong>Svalbard</strong>: Implicati<strong>on</strong> of debris-covered glaciers dynamic and morphological setting Page 14 of 15 (2006), Glacial Landsystems, Arnold, page 372-406. ESRI (2000), World, countries, shape-file, Data <str<strong>on</strong>g>following</str<strong>on</strong>g> ESRI’s GIS software ArcView 3.2 1995-2000. Glasser, N. F. and Hambrey, H. J. (2006), <str<strong>on</strong>g>Ice</str<strong>on</strong>g>-marginal terrestrial landsystems: <strong>Svalbard</strong> poly<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>rmal glaciers, In: Evans, J. A. D. (2006), Glacial Landsystems, Arnold, page 65-88. Humlum, O. (2005), The Climatic and Palaeoclimatic Significance of Rock Glaciers, http://www.unis.no/research/geology/Geo_research/Ole/RockGlacier ClimaticSignificance.htm. Lukas, S., Nichols<strong>on</strong>, L. I., Ross, F. H. and Humlum, O. (2005), Formati<strong>on</strong>, meltout processes and landscape alterati<strong>on</strong> of high-arctic ice-cored moraines - examples from Nordenskiöld land, Central Spitsbergen, Polar Geography, 29, No. 3, page 157-187. Lukas, S., Nichols<strong>on</strong>, L. I. and Humlum, O. (2006), Comment <strong>on</strong> Lønne and Lyså (2005): “<str<strong>on</strong>g>Deglaciati<strong>on</strong></str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>dynamics</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>following</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Little</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Ice</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Age</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>on</strong> <strong>Svalbard</strong>: Implicati<strong>on</strong>s for shaping of landscapes at high latitude, Geomorphology 72, page 300-319”, Geomorphology, Article in press. Lønne, I. and Lyså, A. (2005), <str<strong>on</strong>g>Deglaciati<strong>on</strong></str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>dynamics</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>following</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Little</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Ice</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Age</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>on</strong> <strong>Svalbard</strong>: Implicati<strong>on</strong>s for shaping of landscapes at high latitude, Geomorphology 72, page 300-319. Lønne, I (2006), Reply to Lukas, S., Nichols<strong>on</strong>, L. I. and Humlum, O. (2006), Comment <strong>on</strong> Lønne and Lyså (2005): “<str<strong>on</strong>g>Deglaciati<strong>on</strong></str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>dynamics</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>following</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Little</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Ice</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Age</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>on</strong> <strong>Svalbard</strong>: Implicati<strong>on</strong>s for shaping of landscapes
Søren H. Rasmussen at high latitude, Geomorphology 72, page 300-319”, Geomorphology, Article in press. Norwegian Polar Institute (1990), Aerial Photos, <strong>Svalbard</strong>, Norwegian Polar Institute. Norwegian Polar Institute (2000), Topographic map of <strong>Svalbard</strong> 1:100,000, Adventdalen, Norsk Polarinstitutt Temakart, http://miljo.npolar.no/temakart. <str<strong>on</strong>g>Deglaciati<strong>on</strong></str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>dynamics</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>following</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Little</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Ice</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Age</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>on</strong> <strong>Svalbard</strong>: Implicati<strong>on</strong> of debris-covered glaciers dynamic and morphological setting Page 15 of 15 Norwegian Polar Institute (2003), Stratigraphic overview map of <strong>Svalbard</strong> 1:3,000,000, Norsk Polarinstitutt Temakart, http://miljo.npolar.no/temakart. Tolgensbakk, J., Sørbel, L. and Høgvard, K. (2000), Adventdalen, Geomorphological and Quaternary Geological map, 1:100,000, Norwegian Polar Institute.
Change language