Charting New Waters: State of Watershed Payments - Forest Trends
Charting New Waters: State of Watershed Payments - Forest Trends
Charting New Waters: State of Watershed Payments - Forest Trends
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Number <strong>of</strong> Programs<br />
80<br />
70<br />
60<br />
50<br />
40<br />
30<br />
20<br />
10<br />
Figure 11a: <strong>Waters</strong>hed Investments by Region, 2011<br />
Latin America North America<br />
$85.9 million $360.5 million<br />
Africa<br />
$109.3 million<br />
Transactions by the Numbers<br />
Looking at demand, we see a range <strong>of</strong> “buyers” <strong>of</strong> watershed services across sectors, while private landholders – <strong>of</strong>ten agricultural producers<br />
and forestland holders – continue to be the most prominent “sellers.” However, interventions to enhance or maintain hydrological<br />
functions on public land make up more than 25% <strong>of</strong> transactions. Privately-generated watershed services are not uncommon; this category<br />
is mostly made up <strong>of</strong> point-source facilities in the United <strong>State</strong>s (i.e., facilities that discharge to water bodies through a single conveyance)<br />
who have discharged less than their permit allows and thus been able to sell water quality credits. This group also holds some<br />
innovative programs, such as a mussel bed farmer in Sweden that is paid for nitrate filtration services by a municipality in lieu <strong>of</strong> constructing<br />
a wastewater treatment plant, 5 and a private nutrient bank in Virginia that restores degraded lands to generate nutrient credits.<br />
5 See page 38.<br />
6 | <strong>Charting</strong> <strong>New</strong> <strong>Waters</strong><br />
0<br />
Source: Ecosystem Marketplace.<br />
Figure 10: <strong>New</strong> Programs by Year, Globally<br />
Oceania $149.2<br />
million<br />
Europe<br />
$2.7 million<br />
Asia<br />
$7.5 billion<br />
Source: Ecosystem Marketplace.<br />
Figure 11b: <strong>Waters</strong>hed Investments by Region, Historically<br />
L<br />
Latin America $<br />
$527.6 million North America<br />
$6.3 billion<br />
Europe<br />
$57.7 million<br />
Afric<br />
Africa<br />
$864 $864.7 7 m<br />
$864.7 $864 7 million illi<br />
Oceania<br />
$1.8 billion<br />
Source: Ecosystem Marketplace.<br />
Asia<br />
$56.4 billion