manual for social impact assessment of land-based ... - Forest Trends

Figure T22: Additional Potential Social Change Processes and Negative Outcomes and Impacts of REDD (with Strict Protection)
OUTCOMES OUTCOMES
SOCIAL CHANGE PROCESSES
Decrease in availability of
land for poor landless, due
to access restrictions
Decrease or loss of
informal/customary rights
over forest resources and
land
Increase in cash income
(from carbon payments)
for project participants
Increase in cost of food
(due to decreased local
agricultural production)
Loss of employment and
incomes (from
agriculture, charcoal
production, NTFP
harvesting, logging, and
other restricted
economic activities)
Market dynamic altered:
Increase in competition
within the community for
land
Class relations altered:
Inequity grows between the
poorest local people and
others in the community
(e.g. due to exclusion of
poor from participation in
carbon scheme) and lost
access to land.
Social relations are altered:
Envy and jealousy develop
between non-participants
and project participants,
and social tensions rise due
to disproportionate
distribution of opportunity
costs.
IMPACTS
Increase in social
conflict due to land
speculation and/or inmigration
in the
carbon project area.
Displacement of poor
from project area due
to increased
competition for land
and social conflict and
Social Impact Assessment of Land-Based Carbon Projects (1.0) – Part II | 102