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October 2012 / Issue 84<br />

<strong>Fire</strong> in<br />

the hold<br />

Plus<br />

FIre-ambO hybrId<br />

recruIts dO the hard yards


the new zealand FIre servIce new cOmmIssIOner<br />

<strong>Fire</strong>+Rescue is the flagship<br />

publication of the <strong>New</strong> <strong>Zealand</strong><br />

<strong>Fire</strong> <strong>Service</strong>.<br />

It is produced by Media,<br />

Promotions and Communications,<br />

National Headquarters,<br />

Level 9, 80 The Terrace, Wellington.<br />

cOntrIbutIOns tO FIre+rescue<br />

We welcome ideas for articles, news<br />

and events that would be of interest to<br />

other <strong>Fire</strong> <strong>Service</strong> staff and volunteers.<br />

Draft articles and photos (pictures<br />

need to be at least 1MB) can be<br />

emailed to fire.rescue@fire.org.nz or<br />

contact the editor Karlum Lattimore<br />

on 04 496 3702.<br />

Post written material and photos,<br />

or photo CDs to:<br />

<strong>Fire</strong>+Rescue magazine,<br />

PO Box 2133, Wellington.<br />

(These will be returned on request.)<br />

www.FIre.Org.nz<br />

All material in <strong>Fire</strong>+Rescue magazine<br />

is copyrighted and may not be<br />

reproduced without the permission<br />

of the editor.<br />

ISSN: 1176-6670 (Print)<br />

ISSN: 1177-8679 (Online)<br />

FrOnt cOver<br />

Fishing boat fire fighting in Lyttelton.<br />

Photo: Fairfax Media/The Press.<br />

2 / <strong>Fire</strong>+Rescue / October 2012<br />

The <strong>Fire</strong> <strong>Service</strong> Commission<br />

has a new member, former Area<br />

Commander and current Deputy Mayor<br />

of Whanganui, Rangi Wills.<br />

nhQ Future-prOOFIng<br />

National Headquarters is getting<br />

a makeover that will make it<br />

safer in an earthquake and improve<br />

its use as the NZFS disaster response<br />

coordination centre.<br />

The <strong>Fire</strong> <strong>Service</strong> has had its headquarters in<br />

the AXA Centre on The Terrace in Wellington<br />

for the past decade. When the landlord<br />

decided to upgrade some of its services this<br />

gave NZFS the opportunity to do some<br />

future-proofing of its own as well as<br />

consider where the headquarters should be<br />

sited and what facilities were needed.<br />

After looking at other Wellington offices,<br />

the best and most cost-effective option<br />

identified was to stay in the AXA Centre<br />

and refurbish the office space. This work<br />

will begin later this year and includes<br />

setting up a properly equipped area that<br />

can be quickly transformed into an<br />

emergency National Coordination Centre.<br />

This will include technology that links the<br />

<strong>Fire</strong> <strong>Service</strong> with region Emergency<br />

Operation Centres, the hazmat/command<br />

units and other agencies such as Police,<br />

Ministry of Civil Defence and Emergency<br />

Management, and the National Crisis<br />

Management Centre in the Beehive.<br />

He replaces Bob Francis, whose term is<br />

expiring.<br />

Rangi Wills took early retirement from the<br />

<strong>Fire</strong> <strong>Service</strong> in 1995 after a 34-year career.<br />

He served in Whanganui, Wellington, Hutt<br />

Valley, <strong>New</strong> Plymouth and Gisborne and<br />

spent six years as Director of Planning and<br />

Operations for the NZFS Commission.<br />

Apart from his Council responsibilities,<br />

Mr Wills serves on many community<br />

boards and committees. He has also<br />

served on the Whanganui District Health<br />

Board and is a former member of the<br />

<strong>New</strong> <strong>Zealand</strong> Casino Control Authority.<br />

He said he was delighted and honoured<br />

with the appointment and is looking<br />

forward to taking up his role in November.<br />

“This communications technology will<br />

drive inter-agency operability and make<br />

better use of intelligence – which was one<br />

of the learnings that came out of our<br />

experience in Christchurch,” said Chief<br />

Executive Paul Baxter.<br />

“Our Christchurch experience also taught<br />

us the importance of organisational<br />

resilience. NHQ, as well as fire stations,<br />

have an important role in our overall<br />

response capability.”<br />

The upgrade will include work to improve<br />

seismic resilience and the computer<br />

servers will be moved off site.<br />

“We will also shift to the modern working<br />

environment and have fully open plan<br />

offices, including my own. Fewer walls will<br />

help communication and support our drive<br />

for a more collaborative and consistent<br />

way of working,” he said.


news<br />

from the top<br />

editorial<br />

As we head into October, the transition to the new region structure is well<br />

underway and the different parts of the organisation are getting on with<br />

putting the renewed emphasis on efficiency, effectiveness and accountability<br />

into effect.<br />

We have always set goals for our<br />

national, regional, area and station<br />

performance but we are now putting<br />

more time and attention into how<br />

we set those goals and how we measure<br />

our success in meeting them. The<br />

<strong>New</strong> <strong>Zealand</strong> <strong>Fire</strong> <strong>Service</strong> needs to<br />

know, and show, that the work we do in<br />

communities is making a difference and<br />

that we make the best possible use of<br />

public funds to do it.<br />

I acknowledge that there is a certain<br />

amount of upheaval involved with the<br />

transition. However, I am impressed that<br />

most people are doing their best to get<br />

on with their day job as well as keep up<br />

with the changes that are needed. I’ve<br />

been out meeting people in the regions<br />

and hearing a few grumbles here and<br />

there but, overall, the commitment to<br />

the job shines through. Staff are<br />

managing to find work-arounds or keep<br />

up with the old systems while we shift to<br />

the new. If you do strike something<br />

that you are unable to solve that is<br />

linked to the transition in some way,<br />

please bring it to a senior manager’s<br />

attention. It’s going to take a combined<br />

effort to make this project come to life<br />

and endure as a success.<br />

<strong>Fire</strong> <strong>Service</strong>S review<br />

The Government’s review of fire services<br />

is now underway. This review is<br />

something we have been discussing with<br />

Government for several years and we<br />

support it wholeheartedly. There is a<br />

significant disconnect between the<br />

service we provide today and what our<br />

Act empowers us to do. There are also<br />

anomalies between those who pay for<br />

our service via the <strong>Fire</strong> <strong>Service</strong> Levy and<br />

those who receive our services. It will be<br />

good to get more clarity on our functions<br />

and funding. We’ve already held some<br />

preliminary meetings with the review<br />

panel and will be making a formal<br />

submission that pulls together all our<br />

thoughts on how the organisation can be<br />

better positioned to provide fire and<br />

other emergency services to the public.<br />

Major incident<br />

analySiS<br />

At a recent AFAC (Australasian <strong>Fire</strong> and<br />

Emergency <strong>Service</strong> Authorities Council)<br />

forum we spent time talking about how<br />

much review and analysis now takes<br />

place following major emergency events<br />

and the pressure this puts on<br />

organisations. While the work to<br />

examine the response to disasters such<br />

as the Christchurch earthquake is<br />

incredibly demanding on staff, each<br />

review provides an opportunity to learn.<br />

NZFS is using the findings from its<br />

earthquake response reviews to bring in<br />

a range of changes. In particular, we are<br />

using what we’ve learned to power-up<br />

our focus on incident management.<br />

We are introducing more incident<br />

management training for executive<br />

officers and I have just contracted an<br />

Australian specialist to start work on a<br />

five-year strategy to build up our<br />

capability in this area. The broader<br />

review of the Civil Defence Emergency<br />

Management response to the<br />

Christchurch earthquake is due out<br />

shortly and we hope this too will be<br />

helpful in fine tuning our emergency<br />

response.<br />

Paul Baxter<br />

Chief Executive & National Commander<br />

<strong>Fire</strong>+Rescue / October 2012 / 3


feature<br />

All hands to<br />

the pumps<br />

Every available appliance in and around Christchurch was needed to tackle the<br />

recent fire on board a ship in Lyttelton’s dry dock.<br />

Any ship fire, poses significant<br />

hazards and tactical challenges to<br />

firefighters. This incident was no<br />

exception and the problems were<br />

compounded by leaking ammonia fumes.<br />

Late afternoon on 29 August, Lyttelton<br />

Chief <strong>Fire</strong> Officer Mark Buckley got the call<br />

to a fire on a fishing boat at the port. As he<br />

headed to the station, he could see the<br />

smoke coming up from the dry dock and<br />

immediately asked for the call to be<br />

escalated to a third alarm.<br />

“We could smell the ammonia in the air<br />

when we arrived, so set up Lyttelton’s two<br />

pumps a good 150 metres away from the<br />

ship and started boundary cooling –<br />

directing water over the hull and foredeck,”<br />

said Mark.<br />

4 / <strong>Fire</strong>+Rescue / October 2012<br />

Within minutes additional appliances and<br />

the command unit from Christchurch<br />

arrived and the executive officers linked up<br />

with Mark and the ship’s engineers to<br />

carefully plan the operation to extinguish<br />

the fire which was below deck in the bow of<br />

the boat.<br />

“We took the time to get the best<br />

information and advice from the engineers<br />

and worked out a three prong attack,” said<br />

Mark who took on the operations role.<br />

First, a crew was sent from the stern into<br />

the boat to close the watertight doors and<br />

isolate the fire. From scaffolding, around<br />

three storeys high, firefighters cut a hole in<br />

the side of the ship to give them direct<br />

access to the seat of the fire. The final<br />

move was to lift the hatch off the top of<br />

the bow to allow the fire to vent upwards.<br />

Then it was a matter of keeping the<br />

exterior cool, and dousing the flames by<br />

directing the hoses in through the hole and<br />

attacking it from the wet deck of the ship.<br />

Christchurch Senior Station Officer<br />

Dave Stackhouse took charge of the stern<br />

(rear) sector.<br />

“To close the bulkhead doors, the ship’s<br />

engineer guided our crew down three<br />

decks and through the smoke logged<br />

corridors. It was like going down a<br />

chimney. They used the delivery as a<br />

lifeline and a thermal imaging camera to<br />

keep them on track,” he said.


It was the first time the Christchurch crews<br />

used the new, long duration BA and the<br />

gear got quite a workout that night. Crews<br />

from 20 appliances were working at the site<br />

and anyone near the ship needed to wear<br />

BA to avoid the ammonia fumes. Dave said<br />

entry control was critical as there were a lot<br />

of hazards inside and outside the ship.<br />

“They have aluminium ladders, the<br />

passages are a rabbit warren and easy to<br />

get lost in and so on. But we had good<br />

procedures and managed the risk.”<br />

Assistant Area Commander Steve<br />

Kennedy took on incident command and<br />

said bringing the ship’s engineers and<br />

others who knew the ship into the<br />

operation response planning was crucially<br />

important.<br />

“They helped us navigate through the ship,<br />

explained the layout, told us where to cut<br />

the hole in the side, provided gear for us to<br />

use and so on.”<br />

Region Manager Trevor Brown said<br />

“This was a complex incident and really<br />

stretched our Christchurch resources.<br />

Every career station and several volunteer<br />

brigades were needed. It was a very well<br />

led incident and it was impressive to see<br />

the full response in action.”<br />

Trevor said there will be an operational<br />

review and he’s hoping the incident will be<br />

used as a scenario for the new Blue Card<br />

command and control training being<br />

introduced to the <strong>Fire</strong> <strong>Service</strong>.<br />

Scenes from the Ocean Breeze incident ground.<br />

PHOTOS: AARON CAMPBeLL-KOBeLL LTD<br />

feature<br />

secOnd tIme<br />

arOund<br />

For some Christchurch<br />

firefighters, the Ocean<br />

Breeze fire was a practice run for<br />

the fire on board another fishing<br />

boat a few weeks later.<br />

The Amaltal Columbia caught<br />

fire about 60 kilometres off the<br />

Canterbury coast and for Assistant<br />

Area Manager Dave Berry and<br />

Lyttelton Chief <strong>Fire</strong> Officer Mark<br />

Buckley there was an element of<br />

déjà vu.<br />

Both had worked on the Ocean<br />

Breeze fire and late in the night<br />

of 11 September they were out<br />

on a pilot boat with Area Manager<br />

Greg Crawford heading out to the<br />

Amaltal Colombia as it was being<br />

towed into port.<br />

The boat had been abandoned at<br />

sea after fire ripped through its fish<br />

meal processing deck.<br />

“We went out to meet it so we<br />

could plan our tactics for dealing<br />

with the fire once it got into<br />

Lyttelton,” said Dave.<br />

Once again, crews donned the long<br />

duration BA and tackled the fire<br />

using water deliveries and switched<br />

to foam once they came across<br />

piles of packaging cartons.<br />

“We were lucky the pumps were still<br />

operating so our firefighting water<br />

could be pumped out,” said Dave.<br />

It took the team until around 5am<br />

to bring the fire under control and<br />

another day before the hot spots<br />

were dealt to.<br />

But, like the Ocean Breeze, it was<br />

a good save. The two boats were<br />

worth about $60 million each to<br />

replace.<br />

<strong>Fire</strong>+Rescue / October 2012 / 5


FIre-ambulance<br />

Collaboration<br />

The country’s ambulance services and NZFS have always worked closely<br />

together to provide the best possible results for the patient and the public.<br />

This collaboration has become more important as clinical care becomes more<br />

technically demanding.<br />

Director of Operations and Training<br />

Paul McGill said St John is now the<br />

only provider of first aid training for<br />

the <strong>Fire</strong> <strong>Service</strong> and this relationship has<br />

given both agencies a better<br />

understanding of each other’s operations.<br />

“It also means we get the most up-to-date<br />

and informed training possible,” he said.<br />

“Last year we attended 6,000 medical call<br />

outs, which is 9 percent of our incidents.<br />

This number has almost doubled over the<br />

past decade. As a result of this growing<br />

need for our assistance, we collaborate<br />

closely with Wellington Free Ambulance<br />

and St John on our response.” This extends<br />

to looking at whether the <strong>Fire</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

should share its site with other emergency<br />

services, particularly ambulance stations,<br />

when building new stations. This colocation<br />

can make better use of public<br />

money and encourages a team approach<br />

to emergency responses.<br />

St John recently changed its system for<br />

prioritising its response. St John now<br />

dispatches the nearest available resource<br />

to all life-threatening and time-critical<br />

emergencies. This means <strong>Fire</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

brigades and career stations are more<br />

likely to be co-responded to cardiac or<br />

respiratory arrests in the future, and less<br />

likely to be dispatched to other less<br />

serious emergencies.<br />

“This makes sense as it reflects our<br />

abilities and our availability but also takes<br />

into account the need to make the best<br />

use of our volunteers’ time,” said Paul.<br />

6 / <strong>Fire</strong>+Rescue / October 2012<br />

St John Operations Director Michael<br />

Brooke said “Today the health sector faces<br />

some real challenges and to meet those<br />

challenges, St John is adapting its service<br />

delivery model so we can continue to<br />

serve our communities well. As part of<br />

this we are working with the <strong>Fire</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

on improving ways to work together,<br />

particularly in rural areas,” he said.<br />

<strong>Fire</strong>-ambulance vehicle<br />

As part of this, there has been mounting<br />

interest in developing a prototype <strong>Fire</strong><br />

<strong>Service</strong> vehicle that can be both a fire<br />

appliance and an ambulance.<br />

“It’s an incredibly challenging design to<br />

come up with and we are working with St<br />

John on it at the moment. The prototype<br />

will be developed using an Iveco van that<br />

arrives in the country in November,” said<br />

Paul McGill.<br />

The intent is for the prototype to be tested<br />

and trialled in a carefully managed process<br />

by brigades that have been trained to the<br />

first response standard of patient care.<br />

“Our intent is for patients to be treated in<br />

the rear compartment and, when<br />

necessary, transport them to meet an<br />

ambulance or take them to further medical<br />

or hospital care. We see this type of vehicle<br />

being used in parts of the country where<br />

there is no ambulance but where we have<br />

a brigade that is trained as a first response<br />

unit.” NZFS currently has 37 brigades that<br />

operate as first response units for medical<br />

emergencies.<br />

Vehicle Development Manager Paul Blane<br />

is heading up the design project.<br />

“The Iveco van is similar to the Iveco LRV<br />

(Light Response Vehicle). It’s big, and at<br />

about seven metres long it is about the<br />

same length as a Type I appliance and it<br />

has a seven tonne weight capacity. We are<br />

designing a body that will have a twoperson<br />

cab at the front, the pump and fire<br />

equipment storage in the middle and the<br />

rear will be a single stretcher ambulance<br />

with seating for two more crew members.<br />

The vehicle will also be fitted with a water<br />

tank,” he said.<br />

Paul and the NZFS team (John Sutherland<br />

and Chris Walbran) are working closely<br />

with St John who are designing the<br />

ambulance compartment.<br />

“Our focus is on making the pumping and<br />

firefighting equipment capability work. It is<br />

an incredibly complex design to come up<br />

with so we’ve started from scratch and are<br />

doing it step by step.”<br />

The design is likely to take several more<br />

months, with the finished vehicle expected<br />

to be on the road in the middle of next year.<br />

Above: Vehicle Development Manager Paul Blane.


Below: A mockup of what the fire-ambulance might look like.<br />

Bottom: A concept drawing of the interior showing the possible layout with<br />

the cab at the front, the pump and equipment storage compartment in the<br />

middle and the stretcher in the rea with the water tank under the floor.<br />

<strong>Fire</strong>+Rescue / October 2012 / 7


Midwinter<br />

wildfire<br />

RELATIVE HUMIDITY (%)<br />

RelAtive huMiDity AnD teMpeRAtuRe<br />

100<br />

95<br />

90<br />

85<br />

80<br />

75<br />

70<br />

65<br />

60<br />

55<br />

50<br />

45<br />

40<br />

35<br />

30<br />

25<br />

20<br />

15<br />

10<br />

5<br />

0<br />

8 / <strong>Fire</strong>+Rescue / October 2012<br />

-6<br />

06 12 18 06 12 18<br />

20 JULY 2012 21 JULY 2012<br />

OBSERVED SCREEN AIR TEMPERATURE OBSERVED SCREEN RELATIVE HUMIDITY<br />

Extremely rare, mid-winter<br />

climate and weather conditions<br />

combined for a few hours<br />

in July to create the perfect<br />

environment for a fast and<br />

furious North Otago wildfire.<br />

On Friday 20 July at around 3.30pm<br />

a farmer set fire to stubble in a<br />

paddock. He had a permit and it<br />

was a controlled burn.<br />

What no one realised was that in the few<br />

hours leading up to the farmer striking his<br />

first match, the relative humidity had<br />

plummeted. Heavy frosts had already<br />

sucked all the moisture out of the grasses<br />

and other fine fuels and a light wind was<br />

stirring. It was a recipe for disaster.<br />

36<br />

34<br />

32<br />

30<br />

28<br />

26<br />

24<br />

22<br />

20<br />

18<br />

16<br />

14<br />

12<br />

10<br />

8<br />

6<br />

4<br />

2<br />

0<br />

-2<br />

-4<br />

Within a short time the fire had blown over<br />

the paddock, jumped the fire break<br />

between the adjoining farm and was on its<br />

way. Over the next 24 hours it burned<br />

through 1,500 hectares of land, destroyed<br />

two plantations, ruined 20 kilometres of<br />

fencing and killed stock.<br />

TEMPERATURE<br />

Dunedin Principal Rural <strong>Fire</strong> Officer<br />

Graeme Still was in his woolshed at<br />

5.45pm on the Friday, when he got a call<br />

from the local rural fire officer who told<br />

him he was needed.<br />

“It was a real surprise to hear the fire had<br />

got out of control.” It made more sense<br />

when he took readings at the fire and from<br />

the local weather stations.<br />

Graeme Still<br />

“At the farm, the relative humidity was 35-<br />

36, the temperature was around 18-19<br />

degrees and the wind was blowing at about<br />

28 kilometres an hour.”<br />

A graph from nearby Middlemarch<br />

weather station showed that the relative<br />

humidity took a massive dive shortly before<br />

midday on 20 July and dropped even<br />

further overnight.<br />

“This gave us the same sort of fire<br />

conditions you would expect on a hot<br />

summer day,” he said.<br />

Six helicopters were involved with the<br />

incident, and 40 personnel, plus 4 x 4<br />

smoke chasers and slip-on units. The<br />

wildfire was contained by 4.00pm on<br />

Saturday 21 July.<br />

PHOTO: OTAgO DAILy TIMeS<br />

National Rural <strong>Fire</strong> Officer Murray Dudfield<br />

said NRFA’s partnership with NIWA on new<br />

fire weather prediction software will help<br />

avoid this type of situation. He says the<br />

computer system draws on information<br />

from around 200 weather stations. The<br />

results will provide rural fire managers with<br />

modelling that will forecast localised weather<br />

conditions, potential daily fire behaviour, fuel<br />

moisture conditions and potential fire<br />

spread rates with much more accuracy.<br />

The new system will be trialled this summer<br />

before being officially rolled out.


ecruIt traInIng<br />

what it really feels like<br />

Attending any training course can by a bit daunting, but<br />

when it involves your first exposure to smoke, flames and<br />

working in the dark, it’s downright alarming.<br />

Recently, four volunteer recruits from the Paraparaumu<br />

Brigade completed their basic training at the National<br />

Training Centre.<br />

Nadine Hodge, Amelia Rae, Jo Ganc and Isaiah Smith<br />

kept a brief diary of their experiences which will be used<br />

by NZFS to give other recruits an idea of what it’s like.<br />

From left:<br />

Isaiah, 18, is an apprentice mechanic<br />

and became interested after watching the<br />

brigade practise hose drills one night.<br />

amelia, 20, is an electrician and has workmates<br />

who are firefighters.<br />

nadine, 36, is an early years educator and<br />

has wanted to be firefighter since she was eight<br />

years old.<br />

Jo, 40, is a Corrections officer and joined after<br />

meeting the wives of two local brigade members<br />

at a netball game. “I said I had always wanted to<br />

do that so I was told to turn up to training on<br />

Monday night!”<br />

<strong>Fire</strong>+Rescue / October 2012 / 9


new recruIts<br />

“an awesome week”<br />

Here’s some of what<br />

they experienced.<br />

Friday<br />

Nadine: Arrived in Rotorua. Hotel is nice.<br />

Briefing with senior trainer after dinner<br />

and met the rest of the recruits – 11<br />

altogether (six men, five ladies). Reminded<br />

about knowing our knots, so went to our<br />

rooms to practise our knot tying.<br />

Amelia: Worried about sleeping through<br />

my alarm and wondering what the future<br />

week had in store. A very nervous night<br />

having no idea about what to expect.<br />

Jo: Arrived a bit excited and unsure of<br />

what I have got myself into! Met some of<br />

the others and they are really nice. Met for<br />

a briefing and still feeling unsure. Early<br />

night to be bright and early in the morning.<br />

Saturday<br />

Jo: Arrived at the training centre and was<br />

given a tour of the awesome facility. We<br />

spend the second half of the day doing<br />

hose drills. I felt good with that as we had<br />

done lots of practice of the hose drills and<br />

waterway equipment.<br />

Amelia: Was such a relief as the day<br />

progressed to find out the instructors were<br />

really nice, good and thorough and patient.<br />

First time having a ‘uniform inspection’.<br />

Was glad I got my ironing right.<br />

Nadine: Start of the day involved a parade<br />

and how we are to present ourselves each<br />

day followed by an hour in the classroom.<br />

Isaiah: I fell over today when running out a<br />

hose and hurt my knee. Our trainers are<br />

really great.<br />

10 / <strong>Fire</strong>+Rescue / October 2012<br />

Sunday<br />

Jo: Was good to have more hose drills and<br />

then they brought out the ladders. OMG!<br />

I was a bit nervous as I had a fear of heights,<br />

then to be told that we had to wear a<br />

harness was even more scary cos that<br />

means a possibility of falling. But I bit the<br />

bullet and went first to get it over with. Third<br />

time up was without the harness, so even<br />

though I wanted to be sick, I did it three<br />

times and am no longer scared of that!<br />

Isaiah: I strained a muscle and re-hurt<br />

my knee on a ladder today. I’m afraid that<br />

if I hurt myself too much I might not be<br />

able to finish the training. I’ve been fighting<br />

a cold and have lost my voice much to the<br />

delight of the girls from my station who<br />

think I talk too much.<br />

monday<br />

Nadine: Vegetation was the topic for<br />

today. Morning started with theory in class<br />

followed by making up forestry hoses into<br />

pineapples and packing up a forestry kit.<br />

Identification of tools and how they are<br />

used correctly on the fire ground. We took<br />

a drive over to the airport where we were<br />

put into two crews to create a firebreak.<br />

Blood, sweat and tears digging, raking and<br />

creating a trench for a hose.<br />

Jo: Bad weather meant it wouldn’t be as<br />

much fun as it could be. Had a test that<br />

was not as scary as I first thought it would<br />

be. The rural fire trainers were very good<br />

and it was a great day. Hard work tho<br />

making the fire break. That was a killer!<br />

tueSday<br />

Amelia: Into the BATB (Breathing<br />

Apparatus Training Building) today was<br />

like a challenging obstacle course. Wearing<br />

the BA cylinder made things difficult but it<br />

was good. It reinforced everything our<br />

tutors had been telling us about the<br />

importance of working as a team and how<br />

you need to communicate. If you don’t you<br />

end up in there for longer.<br />

Nadine: BA theory in class. Test, don,<br />

start, re-commissioning repeated several<br />

times. Shown inside the BATB with the<br />

lights on and shown what we are to endure<br />

wearing our BA set. Techniques/<br />

manoeuvres are demonstrated by one of<br />

the trainers through it. Only way I can<br />

describe it is a mini army assault course<br />

condensed into an average size lounge<br />

area filled top to bottom with obstacles!<br />

Jo: This was the most uncomfortable thing<br />

I have done in my life. Small spaces, heat,<br />

darkness and trusting in other people that<br />

they know what they are doing by letting<br />

us go through this. Small consolation was<br />

that no one had died in there. I did not like<br />

it and a small mishap in there sent me out<br />

at speed, thinking that I do not want to do<br />

this! After talking to the trainer about what<br />

had gone wrong, went for afternoon tea,<br />

only to come back and find out that we had<br />

to go back in! This time it was with<br />

partners, so I was lucky to have someone<br />

that I trusted and knew that he was<br />

confident in the task. So YAY me got<br />

through ALIVE thanks to Matt!<br />

WedneSday<br />

Nadine: Our first exercise today was going<br />

through the BATB in crews carrying a<br />

70mm coiled hose using each other to<br />

complete the course carrying it through.<br />

The remainder of the day featured search<br />

and rescue. We were taken over to a house<br />

and shown how to search thoroughly<br />

around rooms using your hands and hose.<br />

After lunch we carried out several search<br />

and rescues on the upper level of the BATB<br />

which is set out like an apartment. We<br />

learnt how to use the hose on door entry


and how to enter. The trainers were<br />

observing how we searched and<br />

communicated between crews. Techniques<br />

were practised on removal of patients<br />

which was sometimes a challenge.<br />

Amelia: Today was a bit harder than<br />

yesterday. My shoulders were already sore<br />

from the previous day so putting the BA set<br />

onto sore shoulders wasn’t fun but straight<br />

back into it and forgot about the weight of<br />

the cylinder. It is really different not being<br />

able to see due to the dark room and makes<br />

searching techniques become vital.<br />

Isaiah: This was a really hard day and after<br />

coming through the BATB there were<br />

some tears from some people and I almost<br />

cried but as a guy not wanting to show my<br />

feelings I stuck my head in a bucket of<br />

water to cool myself off and get a grip.<br />

thurSday<br />

Nadine: This morning we sat in class for a<br />

BA theory test. After morning tea we<br />

travelled to Rotorua <strong>Fire</strong> Station where<br />

they have the RFTB (Realistic <strong>Fire</strong> Training<br />

Building). Again no time is wasted and BA<br />

sets are ready to don and we are shown<br />

around. Then the fire was lit and the<br />

building started to heat up. We all donned<br />

our BA and entered as a group to watch<br />

the intensity of the fire and how quickly the<br />

room filled with smoke. We practise<br />

staying low and comparing the visibility<br />

and heat levels.<br />

Amelia: Today we went into the RFTB and<br />

it was awesome! Absolutely enjoyed it.<br />

Was great to experience real fire and what<br />

its actually going to be like in a real house<br />

fire. It really proved how well our gear<br />

works which was reassuring for the future.<br />

Jo: I was in a crew with Amelia who found<br />

a ‘patient’ and we decided that I would get<br />

the patient downstairs. We descend down<br />

the stairs, Amelia guiding me down. At the<br />

bottom of the stairs we get separated and<br />

so head towards where I know the door is,<br />

then got stopped and told that we have to<br />

follow the hose out (makes sense!).<br />

Dragging the patient around the bottom<br />

floor is very hard work, the legs got stuck<br />

round the corner and I am pulling this<br />

heavy thing trying to get it out! Then my<br />

crew is stuck behind me and we can’t<br />

move. By this time I am exhausted from<br />

dragging this patient in the heat and just<br />

want to get it out. We get to the door and<br />

my warning whistle goes off and PASS<br />

alarm. Another crew member takes the<br />

patient out and I am assisted out by my<br />

crew and trainer. Was a little bit dramatic<br />

but now I look back and laugh. Was just the<br />

heat and physical exhaustion from<br />

dragging the patient, I was fine really, after<br />

I got all my gear off. Actually I think it was<br />

my favourite day when I look back, maybe<br />

not at the time though.<br />

Isaiah: This was my favourite day of the<br />

entire course and also the first time most<br />

of us had experienced real live fire. It was<br />

the hardest though. At the end of it my legs<br />

felt like jelly and I was asleep as soon as<br />

my head hit the pillow.<br />

Friday<br />

Amelia: Best water fight ever! It was a<br />

blast literally. We were having smoko, next<br />

minute sirens going and into the truck for<br />

a drill. It was exciting and fun and then a<br />

water fight trainees vs instructors. We got<br />

them soaked! It was a good end to the<br />

week. It was one of the most mentally and<br />

physically challenging things I have done<br />

but it was absolutely great. Thoroughly<br />

enjoyed it and can’t wait to go back.<br />

Training facilities were top notch and<br />

instructors too!<br />

Nadine: Morning session in the classroom<br />

on extinguishers, Drills in the yard<br />

extinguishing pot and oven fires and<br />

flammable liquids. We were all assigned to<br />

a truck and connected a water supply for a<br />

hose drill. Not long after applying the water<br />

we were soon having water applied to us<br />

by the trainers who stood on top of the<br />

trucks using the ground monitors,<br />

completely drenching us. We retaliated<br />

and got them wet too. It was the biggest<br />

water fight I had ever had.<br />

After drying off we went to the classroom<br />

to sign off paperwork and give feedback on<br />

the course. We then went to the drill yard<br />

for our passing out parade and<br />

presentation of our blue stripes. On that<br />

final fall-out command, the feeling of relief,<br />

exhaustion, pride and self-achievement<br />

was quite overwhelming and brought tears<br />

to my eyes.<br />

It was one of the most challenging but<br />

fulfilling weeks of my life!<br />

Jo: Well, made it to day 7. The past week<br />

has been an awesome week for me, I have<br />

learned that I can still achieve my goal.<br />

even at 40!<br />

Isaiah: All through training that morning I<br />

was sad I would leaving at lunchtime. But it<br />

was with great pride that I received my<br />

blue squares that meant I was now a<br />

firefighter, no longer a recruit. I left with<br />

mixed feelings.<br />

To sum up the course as a whole, I would<br />

have to say it was the most fun week of my<br />

life. But at the same time the most<br />

challenging. In all honesty I do not think I<br />

would have made it, had I not been part of<br />

such an awesome team, and had the best<br />

instructors in the world. So thank you<br />

everyone so, so much!<br />

<strong>Fire</strong>+Rescue / October 2012 / 11


Changes in regions<br />

Regions now have staff dedicated to NZFS fleet requirements, property maintenance, and planning<br />

and performance. The changes have been made to allow Area Managers and Volunteer Support<br />

Officers to better focus on their core roles.<br />

Top: National Property Manager Kevin Stacey.<br />

Above: Manager Injury, Illness and<br />

Rehabilitation Alison Barnes.<br />

12 / <strong>Fire</strong>+Rescue / October 2012<br />

ProPerty<br />

National Property Manager Kevin Stacey<br />

said the obvious change to the way the<br />

organisation manages its property is that<br />

all buildings will now be managed as a<br />

national asset and all Property staff will<br />

report to NHQ .<br />

Up until now, most people responsible for<br />

fire stations and other buildings have not<br />

had specific qualifications and there has<br />

been no real consistency about funding<br />

or scheduling of repairs or maintenance.<br />

Each Region now has a dedicated Property<br />

Coordinator who is responsible for<br />

maintenance of stations and other buildings.<br />

“As we move to the new structure,<br />

all NZFS property is being surveyed and<br />

a maintenance schedule planned and<br />

programmed in. This survey will be<br />

finished by the middle of next year.<br />

We are also moving toward employing<br />

pre-approved contractors. This means,<br />

for example, that instead of getting<br />

someone in to do one small painting job,<br />

we will tender out the many painting jobs<br />

that we know are coming up,” he said.<br />

The Property staff will also be programming<br />

in regular, routine maintenance, such as<br />

servicing appliance doors. This will be done<br />

systematically, rather than ad hoc or only<br />

doing something when the doors don’t<br />

open properly. This planning and<br />

programming will result in fewer urgent,<br />

and often costly, repairs.<br />

“We have a lot of deferred maintenance<br />

and it’s likely to take a couple of years to<br />

catch up. But our intention is that all our<br />

property will be well maintained and fit for<br />

purpose,” said Kevin.<br />

SaFety and wellbeing<br />

Like the property function, the<br />

organisation’s safety and wellbeing<br />

strategy, standards, information and<br />

tools will be developed centrally at NHQ.<br />

The team of five Region Safety and<br />

Wellbeing Coordinators will also be<br />

managed centrally.<br />

Manager Injury, Illness and Rehabilitation<br />

Alison Barnes said “<strong>New</strong> tools and<br />

supporting information will be developed<br />

over time. Meanwhile, the upgraded<br />

Accident and Event Reporting and<br />

Investigation Kiosk on <strong>Fire</strong>net is already<br />

proving to be much easier to use than the<br />

old system. We want everyone to use the<br />

Accident Kiosk to report any accident or<br />

near miss. This will help us monitor trends<br />

as well as make sure people are getting the<br />

help and support they need,” she said.<br />

Fleet<br />

The Region Fleet Coordinators also work<br />

out of the Region <strong>Service</strong> Centres and<br />

report to the National Fleet Manager. They<br />

will be working closely with region staff to<br />

make sure they get what they need in the<br />

way of red or white fleet vehicles.<br />

The fleet budget (which covers the<br />

whole country) has been finalised and the<br />

team is now working on drafting their<br />

business plan and transitioning to the<br />

new region structure.


IntrOducIng…<br />

the data miners<br />

Want to know if your project with Plunket is driving down the fire<br />

risk? Or has your station recycling project saved money as well as<br />

helped the environment? The new Planning and Performance staff<br />

in regions can help you find out.<br />

Setting goals and measuring progress<br />

against those goals is not new to the<br />

<strong>Fire</strong> <strong>Service</strong>. But there is now a<br />

greater emphasis on building up business<br />

planning skills and capability to drive<br />

efficiency and effectiveness.<br />

As a result of the Region Restructure and<br />

Realignment Project, NZFS now has<br />

dedicated a Planning and Performance<br />

team in each region. They are the Planning<br />

and Performance Manager, a Planning and<br />

Intelligence Officer and a Business Analyst.<br />

They will work with the other Region staff<br />

to drive business planning at a region, area<br />

and station level.<br />

This includes helping staff develop task<br />

force plans, emergency response plans and<br />

community risk reduction plans. They also<br />

have a role in managing regions’ response<br />

data and intelligence-gathering using our<br />

own, and other agencies’, information.<br />

Realignment Project steering committee<br />

chairman Ian Pickard said “These people<br />

have a talent for mining data and pulling<br />

together information on which to base<br />

forward planning. As an organisation,<br />

we collect a wealth of data through SMS<br />

and other systems. The Planning and<br />

Performance teams will squeeze out every<br />

ounce of useful information and use it to<br />

drive new initiatives and improvements in<br />

our operational efficiency and effectiveness.<br />

They will also develop and use national<br />

templates and processes to make sure<br />

that all regions are working consistently<br />

and share the benefits of their new insights<br />

and better ways of working,” said Ian.<br />

“As a Region Manager, I believe the<br />

introduction of these new roles in the<br />

regions will make a huge difference to the<br />

way we work. With their input, we will be<br />

able to better target our efforts to reduce<br />

the fire risk in our communities. We will<br />

also be better prepared to respond to<br />

major emergencies.”<br />

Region 2 Planning and Performance<br />

Manager Donna Stemmer says<br />

performance management has a bit<br />

of a bad rap. “In reality it should be seen<br />

as a way to give clarity to vague concepts.<br />

Top: The new Planning and Performance Managers.<br />

From left: Region 3 Lliam Munro, Region 2 Donna<br />

Stemmer, Region 5 Neil Finn-House, Region 1<br />

Paul Turner.<br />

Above: Ian Pickard<br />

We use planning and performance<br />

measurement to create an environment<br />

for success. For me, success is both<br />

efficiency (doing things right) and<br />

effectiveness (doing the right things).<br />

We balance capability, availability and<br />

dependability with cost. Our PPM team’s<br />

role is to help translate, focus and align the<br />

day-to-day actions that will help deliver on<br />

the organisation’s vision – working with<br />

communities to protect what they value.<br />

<strong>Fire</strong>+Rescue / October 2012 / 13


success FOr<br />

marae fire safety<br />

A recent visit by staff to a<br />

Kawhia marae led to some<br />

significant changes.<br />

Kawhia Chief <strong>Fire</strong> Officer Callan Stewart<br />

began the initiative by taking information<br />

on the NZFS Marae <strong>Fire</strong> Safety programme<br />

to members of the Rakaunui marae<br />

committee. He got a great reception.<br />

The committee and Callan arranged for<br />

Ma - ori Liaison Officer Lana Ngawhika and<br />

Senior <strong>Fire</strong> Risk Management Officer Kevin<br />

Holmes from Hamilton to visit Rakaunui to<br />

provide the committee and marae trustees<br />

with a Marae <strong>Fire</strong> Safety report.<br />

Kevin and Lana made a number of<br />

recommendations and a short time later<br />

the trustees told them they had got stuck<br />

in and made changes. They put up fire<br />

action notices throughout the marae and<br />

restricted the number of people who could<br />

sleep in certain areas. They had also<br />

arranged for annual checks of their<br />

firefighting equipment, and begun storing<br />

their mattresses in a separate room away<br />

from the carved wharenui (meeting house).<br />

The trustees also took up the Kawhia<br />

Brigade’s offer to install smoke alarms in<br />

all rooms used for sleeping, where there<br />

was not already smoke detection.<br />

The report also suggested ways the marae<br />

firefighting water supplies could be<br />

improved and the brigade has helped to<br />

install a <strong>Fire</strong> <strong>Service</strong>-compatible coupling<br />

to their bore.<br />

“The marae is also developing evacuation<br />

schemes for each building,” said Lana.<br />

14 / <strong>Fire</strong>+Rescue / October 2012<br />

Callan is full of praise for the marae<br />

representatives. “While the installation of<br />

permanent fire detection systems may still<br />

be some time away, their interim steps are<br />

highly commendable. They have most<br />

definitely provided a higher level of<br />

protection for the marae and their people.”<br />

Even better news is that Rakaunui Marae is<br />

not alone.<br />

Ngatira Marae in Litchfield (South Waikato)<br />

was visited by Lana as part of the Marae<br />

<strong>Fire</strong> Safety programme back in June 2007.<br />

“There was very little in the way of fire<br />

detection or protection at that time, except<br />

for several large fire extinguishers”.<br />

She and <strong>Fire</strong> Risk Management Officer<br />

Stu Cradock re-visited Ngatira again<br />

recently and found some exciting changes<br />

– including the installation of a full Type 7<br />

fire alarm system.<br />

InvestIture<br />

Left: Rakaunui marae.<br />

Above: CFO Callan Stewart and firefighter<br />

Robyn Vincent at the marae.<br />

“The marae trustees have completely<br />

embraced the concepts of fire safety,”<br />

said Stu. There was very little they could<br />

add from the latest visit to update the<br />

Marae <strong>Fire</strong> Safety report.<br />

The marae now has a comprehensive<br />

emergency management plan with action<br />

notices displayed throughout all of its<br />

buildings.<br />

Lana was delighted. “It’s proof that our<br />

Marae <strong>Fire</strong> Safety programme is making<br />

a real difference – and helping our Ma - ori<br />

communities to protect what they value.”<br />

There are around, 1,100 marae throughout<br />

the country. To arrange a fire safety survey<br />

for a marae in your patch contact your<br />

Regional Ma - ori Liaison Officer or <strong>Fire</strong> Risk<br />

Management Officer.<br />

The hard work and dedication of six volunteer firefighters was recently recognised<br />

when they were presented with the Queen’s <strong>Service</strong> Medal by the Governor-General,<br />

Sir Jerry Mataparae. From left: Woodville Chief <strong>Fire</strong> Officer Eric Bonny; former<br />

Okaihau Chief <strong>Fire</strong> Officer Colin Thomas; Wellsford Chief <strong>Fire</strong> Officer Jim Bowmar;<br />

retired Ashburton firefighter Allan McQuarters; Waiouru firefighter and former Officer<br />

in Charge of Hutt Valley <strong>Fire</strong> Police Unit Major David Ackroyd; and Coromandel Chief<br />

<strong>Fire</strong> Officer John Walker.


evacuatIOn<br />

practIce<br />

makes perFect<br />

Staff at the Kaikohe ABC Childcare Centre<br />

put their fire drill into practice when<br />

mattresses in their ‘nap’ area caught fire.<br />

<strong>Fire</strong> Risk Management Officer Lindsay<br />

Murray said the six-monthly trial<br />

evacuations really paid off.<br />

“One of the adults saw the mattresses on<br />

fire, set off the alarm and everyone went<br />

out to the assembly point.”<br />

He said it was a ferocious fire and the<br />

assembly point, which was inside the<br />

school fence, quickly became unsafe so<br />

staff lifted the children over to get them<br />

clear. The gate in the fence was locked and<br />

the key was inside the burning school.<br />

The fire investigation was done by <strong>Fire</strong> Risk<br />

Management Officer Craig Bain who said it<br />

was caused by a faulty light fitting.<br />

Craig said there was one slight hiccup in<br />

the evacuation. “The teacher was used to<br />

carrying out the trial evacuation, where<br />

they went to an office to get a key to set off<br />

the alarm, and rather than smash the glass<br />

panel, this is what they did.”<br />

Below: The ABC fire marked the end of Lindsay<br />

Murray’s career. He retired last month after 12 years<br />

with the <strong>Fire</strong> <strong>Service</strong>. He is the Chief <strong>Fire</strong> Officer of<br />

Kaeo Brigade and continues in that role. He’s been a<br />

member of the brigade for 47 years.<br />

Above: Lindsay Murray<br />

a couple of minutes with<br />

RON_Devlin<br />

Q:<br />

A:<br />

Q:<br />

A:<br />

Q:<br />

A:<br />

Where are you stationed?<br />

Region 2 HQ Tauranga<br />

What’s your title?<br />

<strong>Fire</strong> Region Manager Region 2<br />

What’s been your progression<br />

within the NZFS?<br />

Joined in 1978 and served<br />

mostly around Wellington Central<br />

for about 20 years. During this time<br />

I moved through the ranks to CFO.<br />

Did a short stint as CFO of Taupo in<br />

1998 before moving into the CFO<br />

Tauranga role in the same year,<br />

eventually being appointed as Area<br />

Manager in 2009.<br />

Q: Family?<br />

A:<br />

I have three daughters, Miranda,<br />

Chloe, Chelsea and my partner<br />

Deborah has a son Cameron.<br />

Q:<br />

What’s the one thing<br />

that sticks in your mind<br />

about the job?<br />

We are a useful organisation<br />

A: that does meaningful and<br />

positive things for people. I have<br />

always liked that.<br />

Q:<br />

If you could make one<br />

change to the <strong>Fire</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

what would it be?<br />

I think it would be really good<br />

A: if our legislation supported and<br />

reflected the true value the <strong>Service</strong><br />

adds to the public.<br />

Q:<br />

A:<br />

Q:<br />

Your most embarrassing<br />

moment on the job?<br />

Far too many to recount in this<br />

minute.<br />

What’s one thing people<br />

would be surprised to learn<br />

about you?<br />

I have a 11.2 metre sailing boat<br />

called the Union Jack, that I race.<br />

A:<br />

Favourite book?<br />

Mad Bad and Dangerous to Know,<br />

by Ranulph Fiennes<br />

Favourite movie?<br />

Guy Ritchie’s – Snatch<br />

Favourite TV show?<br />

Not a big TV fan, but I do enjoy<br />

cooking shows and Grand Designs<br />

Favourite music group?<br />

Pink Floyd, Rolling Stones,<br />

classic rock<br />

Favourite sport<br />

I enjoy playing golf<br />

Favourite holiday destination?<br />

Looking forward to Vietnam<br />

next year<br />

If I wasn’t in the <strong>Fire</strong> <strong>Service</strong> I’d be?<br />

I really enjoy cooking, maybe<br />

I would own a restaurant<br />

<strong>Fire</strong>+Rescue / October 2012 / 15


FIreFIghters On the pIste<br />

Weighed down with hose and structural firefighting suits, 22 firefighters raced up<br />

and down Coronet Peak in the 2012 Chill Factor Challenge.<br />

The teams of four were tasked with making as many ascents and descents as they<br />

could on the slopes within a two-hour period. Their efforts raised more than<br />

$8,400 for Queenstown charity the Bruce Grant Youth Trust.<br />

Wanaka firefighter Caleb Hansen completed the fastest individual climb in 3min<br />

22sec, while the Queenstown skiing team made 11 ascents and descents with a<br />

hose and took first place in the team event.<br />

This was the second year the event has been held, organised by Auckland Airport<br />

firefighter Tony Scott. He intends it to be an annual event, held in the third week of<br />

August, and hopes it will become the southern equivalent of the Sky Tower challenge.<br />

“We had five more teams competing this year and have managed to raise over four<br />

times what we raised last year. It is fantastic to see how much this event has grown.”<br />

Tony said although the fire hose race was tricky, the firefighters had improved on<br />

last year.<br />

Below: Some of the Chill Factor competitors.<br />

1-3 November<br />

National 7 A-Side Soccer Tournament<br />

Napier<br />

Contact: tony.adie@fire.org.nz<br />

2-3 November<br />

Thames Volunteer <strong>Fire</strong> Brigade<br />

125 year celebrations<br />

Thames<br />

Contact: Siobhan Flanigan<br />

at siobhan.flanigan@fire.org.nz or<br />

Shane Bromley 027 279 1071<br />

9-10 November<br />

National Snapper Fishing Tournament<br />

Coromandel<br />

Contact: dave.gunn@fire.org.nz or<br />

027 232 1071<br />

For the latest information on <strong>Fire</strong> <strong>Service</strong> sports events go to:<br />

<strong>Fire</strong>net/Sports/upcomingsportsevents<br />

14 November<br />

NZFS National Mountain Bike<br />

Championships<br />

Nelson<br />

14 November registration<br />

15 November championship<br />

16 November guided riding<br />

Contact: nelsonfsmtbclub@gmail.com<br />

25 November<br />

National NZFS Triathlon<br />

Championships<br />

Napier<br />

Contact: Brendon Lodge<br />

hbmsc@xtra.co.nz<br />

tOugh guys<br />

Three Auckland firefighters have been taking out<br />

the top titles in the Tough Guy and Gal Challenges<br />

held around the country for the last few years.<br />

The challenges involve a 12 kilometre run through<br />

mud, obstacles and other difficulties.<br />

Mangare’s Jacson Klutz, Otara station’s Josh<br />

Harrison and Dan Van Hoppe from Papatoetoe<br />

station are keen, competitive athletes who take on<br />

(and regularly win) a range of different sporting<br />

challenges, including the Sky Tower Challenge.<br />

Most recently, they battled the Army, Navy, Air Force<br />

and Police for the <strong>Service</strong>s Trophy which they have<br />

now taken home for the fourth year in a row.<br />

Jacson said “For this event, all the services put in a<br />

team of three and their collective times and placings<br />

are scored to find the ultimate services team. The<br />

competition is extremely tough and competitive.“<br />

In that race, Jacson was placed second in the<br />

individual men’s open, Josh was third and Dan 12th.<br />

Above: Jacson Klutz tackles the muddy water at Linton<br />

army camp.<br />

4 December<br />

Auckland <strong>Fire</strong> <strong>Service</strong> Golf Club<br />

JAFFA Open<br />

Waitakere Golf Club<br />

Entries close 16 November<br />

Contact: hayden.robinson@fire.org.nz<br />

or 021 893 861<br />

lyndon.bodger@fire.org.nz<br />

10-12 May 2013<br />

Feilding Volunteer <strong>Fire</strong> Brigade<br />

125th Jubilee<br />

Contact: John Bongenaar<br />

Feilding Volunteer <strong>Fire</strong> Brigade<br />

PO Box 444, Feilding<br />

Ph 06 323 3942 or 021 701 110<br />

feildingfire125jubilee@gmail.com<br />

CReDIT: MARATHON-PHOTOS.COM

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