3. Strain, Christopher Barry. “Civil Rights and ... - Freedom Archives
3. Strain, Christopher Barry. “Civil Rights and ... - Freedom Archives 3. Strain, Christopher Barry. “Civil Rights and ... - Freedom Archives
this . And there ane some whites, whether they acre in the law or on the outside, that just hate black people. And they hate me most of all . They hate me more . . . because I have resisted, and also because I have constantly advocated the enforcement of the Constitution ." 3q Williams was quick to associate gun owning with hunting and the outdoors . "I organized a charter group for the National Rifle Association there," he testified, "and we used to do quite a bit of shooting in the South . . . And also I did quite a bit of hunting, and now I am a licensed hunter in Michigan:'° Williams evoked the nation's most revered gun club, the National Rifle Association, to show how his own gun ownership was more mainstream than marginal . He realized how threatening black gun ownership remained to the white public, and respected the power of the committee to persecute him further. He hoped to impress them as a red-blooded American 4~ During the Senate hearings, Williams fell back on his two primary beliefs : first, that a double standard existed in the United States with regard to self-defense, and second, that white supremacy was the prime catalyst for this double standard. He retreated from the embittered pronouncements he had made abroad, fearing legal reprisals from the commuttee . Instead, he reiterated those ideas which he had clung to all along, a9 [.1.S . Senate Judiciary Hearings, 83, 84, 89 . ~°U.S . Senate Judiciary Hearings, 76 . `~In an interview published in the Marxist Leninist Ouarterlv , Williams drew parallels between his bearing arms and soldiers' bearing arms while fighting for the United States in Vietnam. See "Interview with Robert Williams," Marxist Leninist Ouarterly 2 n 1 (1964), 53 . 21 8
hammering home the notions of self-defense and constitutional rights. While the Senate hearings did not break his spirit, they certainly deflated Williams' defiance . Afterward, he shifted his energies in different dir+ectiona . He took a position as an expert on Chinese-American relations at the Center for Asian Studies at the University of Michigan . Shortly thereafter, a book about Williams went to print . Williams had had a falling out with his ghostwriter, Robert C. Cohen, after the recording of forty-six hours of interviews taped while in exile . Cohen had power of attorney over the book, and proceeded with plans to publish the autobiography with Bantam Books while Williams was out of the country . According to Williams, Cohen failed to get the book out on schedule (upon Williams' return to the United States in 1969) ; therefore, Williams repudiated their agreement. At the time of the Senate Judiciary hearings, he had received no royalties (agreed at eight cents per copy) for the book.~2 The book, entitled Black Crusader (1973), essentially became an unauthorized biography. Williams served as a research associate in the Center for Chinese Studies at the University of Michigan from 1970 to 1971 . Drawing from his first-hand experience in China, he advised Allen Whiting, a political scientist who in turn advised Henry Kissinger shortly before Kissinger's first trip to China . He also served as director of the Detroit East Side Citizens Against Drug Abuse Clinic . Klan members marched in Monroe in 1972, when the Grand Dragon, Virgil Lee Griffin, said they wanted "to bring that nigger Robert Williams back so we can hang him:'~3 Williams returned briefly to ~U.S . Senate Judiciary Hearings, 2428 . as~~o~ quoted in Southern Conference Educational Fund (SCEF) newsletter, Feb. 219
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hammering home the notions of self-defense <strong>and</strong> constitutional rights.<br />
While the Senate hearings did not break his spirit, they certainly deflated<br />
Williams' defiance . Afterward, he shifted his energies in different dir+ectiona . He took a<br />
position as an expert on Chinese-American relations at the Center for Asian Studies at the<br />
University of Michigan . Shortly thereafter, a book about Williams went to print .<br />
Williams had had a falling out with his ghostwriter, Robert C. Cohen, after the recording<br />
of forty-six hours of interviews taped while in exile . Cohen had power of attorney over<br />
the book, <strong>and</strong> proceeded with plans to publish the autobiography with Bantam Books<br />
while Williams was out of the country . According to Williams, Cohen failed to get the<br />
book out on schedule (upon Williams' return to the United States in 1969) ; therefore,<br />
Williams repudiated their agreement. At the time of the Senate Judiciary hearings, he had<br />
received no royalties (agreed at eight cents per copy) for the book.~2 The book, entitled<br />
Black Crusader (1973), essentially became an unauthorized biography.<br />
Williams served as a research associate in the Center for Chinese Studies at the<br />
University of Michigan from 1970 to 1971 . Drawing from his first-h<strong>and</strong> experience in<br />
China, he advised Allen Whiting, a political scientist who in turn advised Henry<br />
Kissinger shortly before Kissinger's first trip to China . He also served as director of the<br />
Detroit East Side Citizens Against Drug Abuse Clinic . Klan members marched in<br />
Monroe in 1972, when the Gr<strong>and</strong> Dragon, Virgil Lee Griffin, said they wanted "to bring<br />
that nigger Robert Williams back so we can hang him:'~3 Williams returned briefly to<br />
~U.S . Senate Judiciary Hearings, 2428 .<br />
as~~o~ quoted in Southern Conference Educational Fund (SCEF) newsletter, Feb.<br />
219