3. Strain, Christopher Barry. “Civil Rights and ... - Freedom Archives

3. Strain, Christopher Barry. “Civil Rights and ... - Freedom Archives 3. Strain, Christopher Barry. “Civil Rights and ... - Freedom Archives

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Trey stressed that whatever force they used was defensive, rather than offensive. They did not see their advocacy of self-protection as "violence," per se .~3 The Deacons' rapid disappearance begs an explanation . Perhaps they dissipated as the character of the movement became more "violent" and more militant . In other words, it is possible that the movement outgrew the Deacons. Perhaps as the goals of the larger movement incorporated the ideals of the Deacons, the group no longer had a place within the movement ; no longer needed for protective purposes, the Deacons became obsolete . In the mid-to-late 1960x, fewer and fewer activists had qualms about self-defense, which became a common assumption for blacks, or about picking up a gun to further the aims of the movement--a trend due in large part to ~tivists such as the Deacons . It is also possible that the Deacons recoiled from public view because of ideological differences with other activists, exemplified by King's repudiation of the group and their own disillusionment with 81ack Power advocates . Sims claimed that the group had chapters all across the country, though COIIV'fELPRO FBI files do not confirm organization on a national level . The FBI carefully monitored black militant groups in major U.S . cities from 1967 on, and the Bureau did not record Deacons' activity in their files. Of course, absence from FBI files does not indicate that the Deacons did not exist in these areas. The FBI of the 1960's was thorough but imperfect, and simply because the FBI could not detect them does not mean the Deacons no longer existed. The Deacons' leadership insisted on the pervasiveness of ~~Noting that the Deacons toed the line of aggressive violence, Roy Rued ternxd the Deacons' means of dealing with the oppressor "noble belligerence ." See Reed, `"fhe Deacons, Too, Ride by Night," New York TimesMaw (August 13, 1965) : 22 . 142

the group . For example, an interviewer asked Robert Hicks in 1969 if the Deacons were still in existence, and how long they might continue. Hicks replied, "Well, I think this will probably be as long as black people are oppressed and the white man is still trying to use force to keep the black man down . . . The Deacons are still in existence today . . . still on call if anything would happen to a bl~k person in the community." ~4 Speculation regarding the disappearance of the Deacons points to the possibility that the organization did not disappear outright, but merely became translucent, incarnate in the black struggle for equality . Secrecy and indeterminate membership pertaining to the Deacons fortify this theory . Sims ominously sumused, "If push hadda come to shove, we were well covered." Essential in understanding their origins, defining the Deacons becomes essential in determining their fate as well . "Anytime aNegro and a white man have any kind of round up and the Negro decide he going to fight him back," Sims once said, "he's a Deacon ."'6 The Bogalusa president further complicated defining the organization by extending its membership to all those who stood up to "the man."~~ The Deacons ~4Robert Hicks, interviewed by Robert Wright, August 10, 1969, Bogalusa, Louisiana; Ralph J . Bunche Oral History Collection (Civil Rights Documentation Project), Moorland-Spingarn Research Center, Howard University . ~ SSims, quoted in Raines, My Soul is Rested, 421 . Adam Fairclough has noted that the Deacons deliberately inflated their numbers and armament for the purpose of detening the Klan . He estimates their membership to be "in the ~zens rather than the hundreds, and certainly not in the thousands." See Fairclough, Race & Democracy, 359. ~6Sims, quoted in Grant, Black Protest, 363 . nCompare with Malcolm X's definition of aMuslim: "A Muslim to us is somebody who is for the black man: I don't care if he gas to the Baptist church seven days aweek ." 14 3

Trey stressed that whatever force they used was defensive, rather than offensive. They<br />

did not see their advocacy of self-protection as "violence," per se .~3<br />

The Deacons' rapid disappearance begs an explanation . Perhaps they dissipated as<br />

the character of the movement became more "violent" <strong>and</strong> more militant . In other words,<br />

it is possible that the movement outgrew the Deacons. Perhaps as the goals of the larger<br />

movement incorporated the ideals of the Deacons, the group no longer had a place within<br />

the movement ; no longer needed for protective purposes, the Deacons became obsolete .<br />

In the mid-to-late 1960x, fewer <strong>and</strong> fewer activists had qualms about self-defense, which<br />

became a common assumption for blacks, or about picking up a gun to further the aims of<br />

the movement--a trend due in large part to ~tivists such as the Deacons . It is also<br />

possible that the Deacons recoiled from public view because of ideological differences<br />

with other activists, exemplified by King's repudiation of the group <strong>and</strong> their own<br />

disillusionment with 81ack Power advocates .<br />

Sims claimed that the group had chapters all across the country, though<br />

COIIV'fELPRO FBI files do not confirm organization on a national level . The FBI<br />

carefully monitored black militant groups in major U.S . cities from 1967 on, <strong>and</strong> the<br />

Bureau did not record Deacons' activity in their files. Of course, absence from FBI files<br />

does not indicate that the Deacons did not exist in these areas. The FBI of the 1960's was<br />

thorough but imperfect, <strong>and</strong> simply because the FBI could not detect them does not mean<br />

the Deacons no longer existed. The Deacons' leadership insisted on the pervasiveness of<br />

~~Noting that the Deacons toed the line of aggressive violence, Roy Rued ternxd the<br />

Deacons' means of dealing with the oppressor "noble belligerence ." See Reed, `"fhe<br />

Deacons, Too, Ride by Night," New York TimesMaw (August 13, 1965) : 22 .<br />

142

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