Implementation Guidelines - Federal Transit Administration - U.S. ...
Implementation Guidelines - Federal Transit Administration - U.S. ... Implementation Guidelines - Federal Transit Administration - U.S. ...
Opiates (Narcotics) Fact Sheet Opiates (also called narcotics) are drugs that alleviate pain, depress body functions and reactions, and when taken in large doses, cause a strong euphoric feeling. Description • Natural and natural derivatives – opium, morphine, codeine, and heroin. • Synthetics – meperidine (Demerol), oxymorphone (Numorphan), and oxycodone (Percodan) • May be taken in pill form, smoked, or injected, depending upon the type of narcotic used. • Trade/street names include Smack, Horse, Emma, Big D, Dollies, Juice, Syrup, and China White. Signs and Symptoms of Use • Mood changes • Impaired mental functioning and alertness • Constricted pupils • Depression and apathy • Impaired coordination • Physical fatigue and drowsiness • Nausea, vomiting, and constipation • Impaired respiration Health Effects • IV needle users have a high risk for contracting hepatitis and AIDS due to the sharing of needles. • Narcotics increase pain tolerance. As a result, people could more severely injure themselves or fail to seek medical attention after an accident due to the lack of pain sensitivity. • Narcotics’ effects are multiplied when used in combination with other depressant drugs and alcohol, causing increased risk for an overdose. Social Issues • There are over 500,000 heroin addicts in the United States most of whom are IV needle users. • An even greater number of medicinal narcotic-dependent persons obtain their narcotics through prescriptions. Appendix F. Fact Sheets F-11 August 2002
• Because of tolerance, there is an ever-increasing need for more narcotics to produce the same effect. • Strong mental and physical dependency occurs. • The combination of tolerance and dependency creates an increasing financial burden for the user. Costs for heroin can reach hundreds of dollars a day. Workplace Issues • Unwanted side effects such as nausea, vomiting, dizziness, mental clouding, and drowsiness place the legitimate user and abuser at higher risk for an accident. • Narcotics have a legitimate medical use in alleviating pain. Workplace use may cause impairment of physical and mental functions. Appendix F. Fact Sheets F-12 August 2002
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• Because of tolerance, there is an ever-increasing need for more narcotics to produce the<br />
same effect.<br />
• Strong mental and physical dependency occurs.<br />
• The combination of tolerance and dependency creates an increasing financial burden for<br />
the user. Costs for heroin can reach hundreds of dollars a day.<br />
Workplace Issues<br />
• Unwanted side effects such as nausea, vomiting, dizziness, mental clouding, and<br />
drowsiness place the legitimate user and abuser at higher risk for an accident.<br />
• Narcotics have a legitimate medical use in alleviating pain. Workplace use may cause<br />
impairment of physical and mental functions.<br />
Appendix F. Fact Sheets F-12 August 2002
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