Download PDF - ChartNexus

More documents

Recommendations

Info

New Opportunities for Tin Use (cont’d) leaD-FRee BeaRIngS Tin is replacing lead in bearings used in cars. Lead-bronze white metal bearings have been used for decades in cars and other applications but lead is being phased out in this market. Up to 12% tin is now being used in new lead-free bearings launched by major European automotive suppliers Federal Mogul, Miba and ECKA. SolaR cellS Tin is ahead in the race for the next generation of cheaper solar cell materials. Today solar cells use expensive and rare elements such as gallium and more ‘earth-abundant’ materials are needed. Kesterite, containing 30% tin, was the first to cross the 10% efficiency barrier in an IBM research laboratory. Solar cell technology (often referred to as ‘photovoltaics’) is advancing rapidly and is recognised as being the leading alternative energy source. Conventional bulk silicon modules are being superseded by thin film photovoltaic assemblies and this new technology is expected to dominate the solar cell market in the years ahead. Tin oxide already has a modest use in transparent conducting oxide top layers (used extensively in current technologies). These are mainly indium – tin oxide (ITO) conductive films, but gradual replacement of ITO by more sustainable fluorine doped tin oxide could increase consumption. Potential replacement materials for cadmium telluride (CdTe) and copper – indium – gallium – selenide (CIGS) in the light absorbing layer itself could include the 30% tin containing material, kesterite (copper – zinc – tin sulphide) if the 10% efficiency measured by IBM can be increased further. MALAYSIA SMELTING CORPORATION BERHAD (43072-A) • ANNUAL REPORT 2011 43
New Opportunities for Tin Use (cont’d) anImal healthcaRe Tin and zinc work well together to heal wounds and kill bacteria. A new range of animal healthcare products is being launched in the US, including pet and agricultural treatments. The biggest new use may be in footbaths for treating hoof rot in dairy cattle. A US-based company, Visions Marketing, is launching a range of animal healthcare formulations for preventing and treating skin diseases in bovine, equine, canine and other animal sectors. These formulations, comprising aqueous preparations of tin(II) fluoride and zinc sulphate, are patented and being marketed in the US under the ‘Accelerator’ trade name. Future developments, including human healthcare products, are already under consideration. 44 Building on Success: Developing Resources for the Future toothpaSte Tin is a key ingredient in ‘the world’s best toothpaste’. After years of research Oral-B launched ProExpert toothpaste, choosing tin to provide unique added benefits. Most toothpastes use normal fluoride but stannous fluoride also kills bacteria and fills microscopic holes in teeth. One of the longest established pharmaceutical uses of tin compounds is that of tin(II) fluoride and, to a lesser extent, tin(II) pyrophosphate, in toothpastes, dentifrices, topical solutions and mouthwashes. The US Food & Drug Administration (FDA) has approved tin(II) compounds in toothpastes at levels up to 0.4%, and the American Dental Association has approved topical treatments containing up to 8% tin(II) fluoride. The generic sector of oral healthcare has been highlighted as a likely growth area for tin chemicals in the medium term. In the late year or so there has been significant new patent activity by the major players in this market – Procter & Gamble, Unilever Colgate, Palmolive and Gaba International – all involving tin(II) salts in dental formulations.
Page 1 and 2: ANNUAL REPORT 2011 Building on Succ
Page 3 and 4: viSion To be a successful world-cla
Page 5 and 6: Corporate Profile Malaysia Smelting
Page 7 and 8: Corporate Profile (cont’d) For of
Page 9 and 10: Notice of Annual General Meeting NO
Page 11 and 12: Group Financial Highlights 10 Build
Page 13 and 14: Board of Directors From left to rig
Page 15 and 16: Directors’ Profile 14 Building on
Page 17 and 18: Directors’ Profile (cont’d) 16
Page 19 and 20: Statement by the Chairman 18 Buildi
Page 21 and 22: Statement by the Chairman (cont’d
Page 23 and 24: Group Chief Executive Officer/Execu
Page 33 and 34: Securing the Future (cont’d) 32 B
Page 35 and 36: Securing the Future (cont’d) Ore
Page 37 and 38: Tin Market Review 2011-2012 (cont
Page 39 and 40: Tin Market Review 2011-2012 (cont
Page 41 and 42: New Opportunities for Tin Use (cont
Page 43: New Opportunities for Tin Use (cont
Page 47 and 48: Corporate Social Responsibility (co
Page 49 and 50: Corporate Social Responsibility (co
Page 51 and 52: Statement on Corporate Governance (
Page 61 and 62: Audit Committee (cont’d) 3. Quoru
Page 63 and 64: Audit Committee Report Membership T
Page 65 and 66: Audit Committee Report (cont’d) I
Page 67 and 68: Statement on Internal Control (cont
Page 69 and 70: Directors’ Report The directors h
Page 71 and 72: Directors’ Report (cont’d) Dire
Page 73 and 74: Statement by Directors Pursuant to
Page 75 and 76: Independent Auditors’ Report (con
Page 77 and 78: Statements of Comprehensive Income
Page 79 and 80: Statements of Financial Position (c
Page 81 and 82: Statements of Changes in Equity For
Page 83 and 84: Statements of Cash Flows For the fi
Page 85 and 86: Notes to the Financial Statements (
Page 95 and 96:
Notes to the Financial Statements (
Page 97 and 98:
Page 99 and 100:
Page 101 and 102:
Page 103 and 104:
Page 105 and 106:
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Page 115 and 116:
Page 117 and 118:
Page 119 and 120:
Page 121 and 122:
Page 123 and 124:
Page 125 and 126:
Page 127 and 128:
Page 129 and 130:
Page 131 and 132:
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
Page 143 and 144:
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
Page 157 and 158:
Page 159 and 160:
Page 161 and 162:
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
Page 169 and 170:
Page 171 and 172:
Page 173 and 174:
Page 175 and 176:
Supplementary information 44. Break
Page 177 and 178:
List of Properties of the Group 31
Page 179 and 180:
Tin Statistics (cont’d) 178 Produ
Page 181 and 182:
Shareholding Statistics as at 21 Ma
Page 183 and 184:
Shareholding Statistics (cont’d)
Page 185 and 186:
184 To: The Company Secretary MALAY
show all

Download PDF - ChartNexus

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?