energy performance analysis of adnan menderes international airport

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
The world energy demand increases rapidly with economic and population
growth. The world population has doubled from 1970 to 2007, while energy
consumption was increased more than four times per person in the same period (Soyhan
2009). According to International Energy Agency study, the world energy demand in
2020 would be 50%-80% higher than the 1990 levels (OECD, Paris, 1995).
Increasing of energy consumption has detrimental effects on environment such
as global warming, ozone destroying gases, gaseous pollutants, and microbiological
hazards. The most important problem is global warming resulted from conventional
effluent gas pollutants such as SO2, NOx, CO2, and CO.
The energy requirement of any country is a crucial input for the economic and
social development. Hence energy consumption is determined depending on population
growth and rapid urbinization. Turkey has involved in the group which consists of the
fastest growing energy markets in the world for nearly two decades because of its young
and growing population, per capita energy consumption, rapid urbanization, and
economic growth. An average annual growth rate of Turkish economy has been reached
to 4.1% over past 20 years. The process of economic development in the devoloping
countries, in the case of Turkey, is the cause of rapid growth for energy consumption
and imports. In Turkey, energy imports have increased rapidly because of small increase
in national energy production and rapid increase in demand. In the next years, this
increase in energy imports will be continued. Net energy import, which met 54% in
1990 and 67% in 2000 of the total primary energy supply, is expected to increase to
76% in 2020. Turkey as a developing country is getting more dependent on imported
energy resources and is getting almost two thirds of its energy needs from imported
energy resources. Consequently, providing sufficient and secure energy supplies
become the top priority of Turkey’s energy policy (Ozturk 2005).
Domestic and industrial buildings are responsible for approximately 40 percent
of the world annual energy consumption. In 2004, building consumption in the
European (EU) was 37% of final energy, bigger than industry (28%) and transport
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