cross section crash boxes
cross section crash boxes
cross section crash boxes
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Figure 7.20. Sequential deformation pictures of <strong>crash</strong> box with montage parts<br />
a)Empty, b) F1 foam filled and c) F2 foam filled (Geometry G2, t=<br />
2.5 mm.) ................................................................................................... 151<br />
Figure 7.21. Sequential deformation pictures of <strong>crash</strong> box with montage parts a)<br />
empty, b) F1 foam filled and c) F2 foam filled (Geometry G2, t= 2<br />
mm) .......................................................................................................... 152<br />
Figure 7.22. Load-displacement graphs of empty <strong>crash</strong> box with fixing parts a) 3<br />
mm, b) 2.5 mm and c)2 mm thickness. .................................................... 154<br />
Figure 7.23. Load-displacement graphs of F1 foam filled <strong>crash</strong> box with fixing<br />
parts a) 3 mm, b) 2.5 mm and c)2 mm thickness. .................................... 155<br />
Figure 7.24. Load-displacement graphs of F2 foam filled <strong>crash</strong> box with fixing<br />
parts a) 3 mm, b) 2.5 mm and c)2 mm thickness. .................................... 156<br />
Figure 7.25. Deformations pictures of empty and filled <strong>crash</strong> <strong>boxes</strong> in quasi-<br />
static and dynamic testing and simulation. ............................................... 157<br />
Figure 7.26. Experimental and numerical load-displacement graphs of a) empty<br />
and b) partially filled <strong>crash</strong> box. ............................................................... 158<br />
Figure 8.1. Load-displacement curves of empty and foam filled 1050H14<br />
crush box, thicknesses of a) 1.5 mm and b) 3 mm. .................................. 160<br />
Figure 8.2. The variation of (a) mean load and (a) SEA of 1050H14 crush<br />
<strong>boxes</strong> with foam relative density and box wall thickness. ....................... 161<br />
Figure 8.3. Response surface foam filled 1050H14 crush box; a) mean load and<br />
b) SEA vs. foam relative density and box thickness. ............................... 162<br />
Figure 8.4. Comparison between simulation and response surface analysis of a)<br />
mean load-foam relative density , b) SEA vs. foam relative density<br />
curves. ...................................................................................................... 163<br />
Figure 8.5. Load-displacement curves of empty and partially Hydro foam-filled<br />
6061T4 Al crush box with a wall thickness of 2 mm. .............................. 165<br />
Figure 8.6. Response surface of mean load of filled <strong>boxes</strong>; a) Alulight and b)<br />
Hydro foam filling. ................................................................................... 166<br />
Figure 8.7. Response surface of SEA of filled <strong>boxes</strong>; a) Alulight and b) Hydro<br />
foam filling. .............................................................................................. 167<br />
Figure 8.8. Mean load and SEA vs. empty box thickness; a) 1050H14 and b)<br />
6061T4 Al <strong>crash</strong> box. ............................................................................... 169<br />
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