BSA/AML Examination Manual - ffiec

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Suspicious Activity Reporting — Overview • Criteria for when analysis of the overall customer relationship is necessary. • Criteria for whether and, if so, when to close the account. • Criteria for when to notify law enforcement, if applicable. SAR Quality Banks are required to file SAR forms that are complete, thorough, and timely. Banks should include all known suspect information on the SAR form, and the importance of the accuracy of this information cannot be overstated. Inaccurate information on the SAR form, or an incomplete or disorganized narrative, may make further analysis difficult, if not impossible. However, there may be legitimate reasons why certain information may not be provided in a SAR, such as when the filer does not have the information. A thorough and complete narrative may make the difference in whether the described conduct and its possible criminal nature are clearly understood by law enforcement. Because the SAR narrative section is the only area summarizing suspicious activity, the narrative section, as stated on the SAR form, is “critical.” Thus, a failure to adequately describe the factors making a transaction or activity suspicious undermines the purpose of the SAR. By their nature, SAR narratives are subjective, and examiners generally should not criticize the bank’s interpretation of the facts. Nevertheless, banks should ensure that SAR narratives are complete, thoroughly describe the extent and nature of the suspicious activity, and are included within the SAR form (e.g., no attachments to the narrative section will be included within the BSA-reporting database). More specific guidance is available in Appendix L (“SAR Quality Guidance”) to assist banks in writing, and assist examiners in evaluating, SAR narratives. In addition, comprehensive guidance is available from FinCEN (“Guidance on Preparing a Complete & Sufficient Suspicious Activity Report Narrative”) at www.fincen.gov. Prohibition of SAR Disclosure No bank, and no director, officer, employee, or agent of a bank, that reports a suspicious transaction may notify any person involved in the transaction that the transaction has been reported. Thus, any person subpoenaed or otherwise requested to disclose a SAR or the information contained in a SAR, except when such disclosure is requested by FinCEN or an appropriate law enforcement 72 or federal banking agency, shall decline to produce 72 Examples of agencies to which a SAR or the information contained therein could be provided include: the criminal investigative services of the armed forces; the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms; an attorney general, district attorney, or state’s attorney at the state or local level; the Drug Enforcement Administration; the Federal Bureau of Investigation; the Internal Revenue Service or tax enforcement agencies at the state level; the Office of Foreign Assets Control; a state or local police department; a United States Attorney’s Office; Immigration and Customs Enforcement; the U.S. Postal Inspection Service; and the U.S. Secret Service. For additional information, refer to Bank Secrecy Act Advisory Group, “Section 5—Issues and Guidance,” The SAR Activity Review—Trends, Tips & Issues, Issue 9, October 2005, page 44 at www.fincen.gov. FFIEC BSA/AML Examination Manual 70 8/24/2007
Suspicious Activity Reporting — Overview the SAR or to provide any information that would disclose that a SAR has been prepared or filed, citing 31 CFR 103.18(e) and 31 USC 5318(g)(2). FinCEN and the bank’s federal banking agency should be notified of any such request and of the bank’s response. Furthermore, FinCEN and the federal banking agencies take the position that banks’ internal controls for the filing of SARs should minimize the risks of disclosure. SAR Record Retention and Supporting Documentation Banks must retain copies of SARs and supporting documentation for five years from the date of the report. Additionally, banks must provide all documentation supporting the filing of a SAR upon request by FinCEN or an appropriate law enforcement or supervisory agency. “Supporting documentation” refers to all documents or records that assisted a bank in making the determination that certain activity required a SAR filing. No legal process is required for disclosure of supporting documentation to FinCEN or an appropriate law enforcement or supervisory agency. 73 73 Refer to Suspicious Activity Report Supporting Documentation, June 13, 2007, at www.fincen.gov. FFIEC BSA/AML Examination Manual 71 8/24/2007
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Bank Secrecy Act / Anti-Money Laund
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Table of Contents EXPANDED EXAMINAT
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INTRODUCTION Introduction This Fede
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Background Introduction In 1970, Co
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Introduction institutions, such as
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Introduction proliferation of weapo
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Introduction Although the motivatio
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Scoping and Planning — Overview C
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Scoping and Planning — Overview T
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Scoping and Planning — Examinatio
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Scoping and Planning — Examinatio
Page 23 and 24: BSA/AML Risk Assessment — Overvie
Page 27 and 28: Analysis of Specific Risk Categorie
Page 31 and 32: BSA/AML Risk Assessment — Examina
Page 33 and 34: BSA/AML Compliance Program — Over
Page 39 and 40: BSA/AML Compliance Program — Exam
Page 45 and 46: Developing Conclusions and Finalizi
Page 47 and 48: Developing Conclusions and Finalizi
Page 49 and 50: Customer Identification Program —
Page 51 and 52: Customer Information Required Custo
Page 57 and 58: Transaction Testing Customer Identi
Page 61 and 62: Customer Due Diligence — Overview
Page 63 and 64: Customer Due Diligence — Examinat
Page 65 and 66: Suspicious Activity Reporting — O
Page 67 and 68: Suspicious Activity Reporting — O
Page 69 and 70: Law Enforcement Inquiries and Reque
Page 71 and 72: Timing of a SAR Filing Suspicious A
Page 73: Suspicious Activity Reporting — O
Page 77 and 78: Suspicious Activity Reporting — E
Page 79 and 80: Suspicious Activity Reporting — E
Page 81 and 82: Currency Transaction Reporting —
Page 83 and 84: Currency Transaction Reporting —
Page 85 and 86: Currency Transaction Reporting Exem
Page 87 and 88: • Operating a pawn brokerage. Cur
Page 89 and 90: Currency Transaction Reporting Exem
Page 91 and 92: Information Sharing — Overview In
Page 93 and 94: Information Sharing — Overview su
Page 95 and 96: Information Sharing — Overview es
Page 97 and 98: Copies of section 314(a) requests.
Page 99 and 100: Purchase and Sale of Monetary Instr
Page 101 and 102: Purchase and Sale of Monetary Instr
Page 103 and 104: Funds Transfers Recordkeeping — O
Page 105 and 106: Funds Transfers Recordkeeping — O
Page 107 and 108: Responsibilities of Beneficiary’s
Page 109 and 110: Funds Transfers Recordkeeping — E
Page 111 and 112: Foreign Correspondent Account Recor
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Private Banking Due Diligence Progr
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Special Measures — Overview minim
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Examination Procedures Special Meas
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Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts
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International Transportation of Cur
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Office of Foreign Assets Control
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Enterprise-Wide BSA/AML Compliance
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Corporate management. Enterprise-Wi
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Foreign Branches and Offices of U.S
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Examination Procedures Parallel Ban
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Correspondent Accounts (Domestic)
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Correspondent Accounts (Foreign)
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Correspondent Accounts (Foreign)
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U.S. Dollar Drafts — Overview U.S
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U.S. Dollar Drafts — Examination
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Payable Through Accounts — Overvi
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Payable Through Accounts — Examin
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Payable Through Accounts — Examin
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Risk Mitigation Pouch Activities
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Pouch Activities — Examination Pr
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Electronic Banking — Overview lin
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Examination Procedures Electronic B
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Funds Transfers — Overview and on
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Funds Transfers — Overview busine
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Examination Procedures Funds Transf
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Automated Clearing House Transactio
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Transaction Testing Automated Clear
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Electronic Cash — Overview Using
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Third-Party Payment Processors —
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Third-Party Payment Processors —
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Purchase and Sale of Monetary Instr
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Brokered Deposits — Overview Brok
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Examination Procedures Brokered Dep
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Privately Owned Automated Teller Ma
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• Expected account activity, incl
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Privately Owned ATMs — Examinatio
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Nondeposit Investment Products —
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Nondeposit Investment Products —
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− Holdings in excess of the custo
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Insurance — Overview its insuranc
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Examination Procedures Insurance In
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Concentration Accounts — Overview
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Concentration Accounts — Examinat
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Lending Activities — Overview bus
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Trade Finance Activities — Overvi
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Risk Mitigation Trade Finance Activ
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Trade Finance Activities — Overvi
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Private Banking — Overview Privat
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Customer Risk Assessment Private Ba
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Private Banking — Overview determ
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Offshore entities. Cash-intensive b
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Trust and Asset Management Services
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• The type of trust or agency acc
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Transaction Testing Trust and Asset
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Nonresident Aliens and Foreign Indi
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Nonresident Aliens and Foreign Indi
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Politically Exposed Persons — Ove
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Politically Exposed Persons — Ove
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Politically Exposed Persons — Exa
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Embassy and Foreign Consulate Accou
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Embassy and Foreign Consulate Accou
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Non-Bank Financial Institutions —
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Professional Service Providers —
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Professional Service Providers —
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Non-Governmental Organizations and
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Non-Governmental Organizations and
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Business Entities (Domestic and For
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Risk Factors Business Entities (Dom
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Cash-Intensive Businesses — Overv
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Appendix A: BSA Laws and Regulation
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Appendix B: BSA/AML Directives Appe
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Web Sites Appendix C: BSA/AML Refer
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Appendix C: BSA/AML References •
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Appendix D: Statutory Definition of
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Appendix E: International Organizat
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Appendix F: Money Laundering and Te
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Privately Owned Automated Teller Ma
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Funds Transfers Appendix F: Money L
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Appendix G: Structuring However, tw
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Appendix H: Request Letter Items (C
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Expanded Examination Procedures App
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Parallel Banking _ List any paralle
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Appendix I: Risk Assessment Link to
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Appendix J: Quantity of Risk Matrix
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Appendix K: Customer Risk versus Du
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When did the suspicious activity ta
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Low No history of OFAC actions. No
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Appendix O: Examiner Tools for Tran
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Appendix O: Examiner Tools for Tran
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Signature Cards Appendix P: BSA Rec
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Name and address of the beneficiary
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Appendix P: BSA Record Retention Re
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Acronym or abbreviation Full name E
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Acronym or abbreviation Full name N
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Appendix R: Enforcement Guidance Ap
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Appendix R: Enforcement Guidance As
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Appendix R: Enforcement Guidance ex
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Appendix R: Enforcement Guidance FF
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Backfiling. See Currency Transactio
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overview, 165-167 request letter it
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money services businesses, 279 nond
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Export Administration Act of 1979,
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Index 314(a) record searches, 88 Cu
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Index for a BSA/AML compliance prog
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guidance on providing banking servi
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247, 253, H-15 Offshore Financial C
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Purchase and Sale of Monetary Instr
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trade finance activities, H-14 trus
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enterprise-wide, 149-150, 152, 153
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U United Nations, 7, 137 Updating O
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