BSA/AML Examination Manual - ffiec

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Appendix F: Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing “Red Flags” • Casas de cambio direct the remittance of funds via multiple funds transfers to jurisdictions outside of Mexico that bear no apparent business relationship with the casas de cambio. Funds transfer recipients may include individuals, businesses, and other entities in free trade zones. • Casas de cambio deposit numerous third-party items, including sequentially numbered monetary instruments, to their accounts at U.S. banks. • Casas de cambio direct the remittance of funds transfers from their accounts at Mexican financial institutions to accounts at U.S. banks. These funds transfers follow the deposit of currency and third-party items by the casas de cambio into their Mexican financial institution. Trade Finance • Items shipped that are inconsistent with the nature of the customer’s business (e.g., a steel company that starts dealing in paper products, or an information technology company that starts dealing in bulk pharmaceuticals). • Customers conducting business in high-risk jurisdictions. • Customers shipping items through high-risk jurisdictions, including transit through non-cooperative countries. • Customers involved in potentially high-risk activities, including activities that may be subject to export/import restrictions (e.g., equipment for military or police organizations of foreign governments, weapons, ammunition, chemical mixtures, classified defense articles, sensitive technical data, nuclear materials, precious gems, or certain natural resources such as metals, ore, and crude oil). • Obvious over- or under-pricing of goods and services. • Obvious misrepresentation of quantity or type of goods imported or exported. • Transaction structure appears unnecessarily complex and designed to obscure the true nature of the transaction. • Customer requests payment of proceeds to an unrelated third party. • Shipment locations or description of goods not consistent with letter of credit. • Documentation showing a higher or lower value or cost of merchandise than that which was declared to customs or paid by the importer. • Significantly amended letters of credit without reasonable justification or changes to the beneficiary or location of payment. Any changes in the names of parties should prompt additional OFAC review. FFIEC BSA/AML Examination Manual F–5 8/24/2007
Privately Owned Automated Teller Machines Appendix F: Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing “Red Flags” • Automated teller machine (ATM) activity levels are high in comparison with other privately owned or bank-owned ATMs in comparable geographic and demographic locations. • Sources of currency for the ATM cannot be identified or confirmed through withdrawals from account, armored car contracts, lending arrangements, or other appropriate documentation. Insurance • A customer purchases products with termination features without concern for the product’s investment performance. • A customer purchases insurance products using a single, large premium payment, particularly when payment is made through unusual methods such as currency or currency equivalents. • A customer purchases product that appears outside the customer’s normal range of financial wealth or estate planning needs. • A customer borrows against the cash surrender value of permanent life insurance policies, particularly when payments are made to apparently unrelated third parties. • Policies are purchased that allow for the transfer of beneficial ownership interests without the knowledge and consent of the insurance issuer. This would include secondhand endowment and bearer insurance policies. • A customer is known to purchase several insurance products and uses the proceeds from an early policy surrender to purchase other financial assets. Shell Company Activity • A bank is unable to obtain sufficient information or information is unavailable to positively identify originators or beneficiaries of accounts or other banking activity (using Internet, commercial database searches, or direct inquiries to a respondent bank). • Payments to or from the company have no stated purpose, do not reference goods or services, or identify only a contract or invoice number. • Goods or services, if identified, do not match profile of company provided by respondent bank or character of the financial activity; a company references remarkably dissimilar goods and services in related funds transfers; explanation given by foreign respondent bank is inconsistent with observed funds transfer activity. • Transacting businesses share the same address, provide only a registered agent’s address, or have other address inconsistencies. FFIEC BSA/AML Examination Manual F–6 8/24/2007
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Bank Secrecy Act / Anti-Money Laund
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Table of Contents EXPANDED EXAMINAT
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INTRODUCTION Introduction This Fede
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Background Introduction In 1970, Co
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Introduction institutions, such as
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Introduction proliferation of weapo
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Introduction Although the motivatio
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Scoping and Planning — Overview C
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Scoping and Planning — Overview T
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Scoping and Planning — Examinatio
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Scoping and Planning — Examinatio
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BSA/AML Risk Assessment — Overvie
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Analysis of Specific Risk Categorie
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BSA/AML Risk Assessment — Examina
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BSA/AML Compliance Program — Over
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BSA/AML Compliance Program — Exam
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Developing Conclusions and Finalizi
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Developing Conclusions and Finalizi
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Customer Identification Program —
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Customer Information Required Custo
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Transaction Testing Customer Identi
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Customer Due Diligence — Overview
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Customer Due Diligence — Examinat
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Suspicious Activity Reporting — O
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Law Enforcement Inquiries and Reque
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Timing of a SAR Filing Suspicious A
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Suspicious Activity Reporting — E
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Suspicious Activity Reporting — E
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Currency Transaction Reporting —
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Currency Transaction Reporting —
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Currency Transaction Reporting Exem
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• Operating a pawn brokerage. Cur
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Currency Transaction Reporting Exem
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Information Sharing — Overview In
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Information Sharing — Overview su
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Information Sharing — Overview es
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Copies of section 314(a) requests.
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Purchase and Sale of Monetary Instr
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Funds Transfers Recordkeeping — O
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Funds Transfers Recordkeeping — O
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Responsibilities of Beneficiary’s
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Funds Transfers Recordkeeping — E
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Foreign Correspondent Account Recor
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Private Banking Due Diligence Progr
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Special Measures — Overview minim
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Examination Procedures Special Meas
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Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts
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International Transportation of Cur
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Office of Foreign Assets Control
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Page 147 and 148:
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Enterprise-Wide BSA/AML Compliance
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Corporate management. Enterprise-Wi
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Foreign Branches and Offices of U.S
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Examination Procedures Parallel Ban
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Correspondent Accounts (Domestic)
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Correspondent Accounts (Foreign)
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Correspondent Accounts (Foreign)
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U.S. Dollar Drafts — Overview U.S
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U.S. Dollar Drafts — Examination
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Payable Through Accounts — Overvi
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Payable Through Accounts — Examin
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Payable Through Accounts — Examin
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Risk Mitigation Pouch Activities
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Pouch Activities — Examination Pr
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Electronic Banking — Overview lin
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Examination Procedures Electronic B
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Funds Transfers — Overview and on
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Funds Transfers — Overview busine
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Examination Procedures Funds Transf
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Automated Clearing House Transactio
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Transaction Testing Automated Clear
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Electronic Cash — Overview Using
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Third-Party Payment Processors —
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Third-Party Payment Processors —
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Brokered Deposits — Overview Brok
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Examination Procedures Brokered Dep
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Privately Owned Automated Teller Ma
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• Expected account activity, incl
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Privately Owned ATMs — Examinatio
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Nondeposit Investment Products —
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Nondeposit Investment Products —
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− Holdings in excess of the custo
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Insurance — Overview its insuranc
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Examination Procedures Insurance In
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Concentration Accounts — Overview
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Concentration Accounts — Examinat
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Lending Activities — Overview bus
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Trade Finance Activities — Overvi
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Risk Mitigation Trade Finance Activ
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Trade Finance Activities — Overvi
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Private Banking — Overview Privat
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Customer Risk Assessment Private Ba
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Private Banking — Overview determ
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Offshore entities. Cash-intensive b
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Trust and Asset Management Services
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• The type of trust or agency acc
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Transaction Testing Trust and Asset
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Nonresident Aliens and Foreign Indi
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Nonresident Aliens and Foreign Indi
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Politically Exposed Persons — Ove
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Politically Exposed Persons — Ove
Page 273 and 274: Politically Exposed Persons — Exa
Page 275 and 276: Embassy and Foreign Consulate Accou
Page 277 and 278: Embassy and Foreign Consulate Accou
Page 279 and 280: Non-Bank Financial Institutions —
Page 287 and 288: Professional Service Providers —
Page 289 and 290: Professional Service Providers —
Page 291 and 292: Non-Governmental Organizations and
Page 293 and 294: Non-Governmental Organizations and
Page 295 and 296: Business Entities (Domestic and For
Page 297 and 298: Risk Factors Business Entities (Dom
Page 303 and 304: Cash-Intensive Businesses — Overv
Page 305 and 306: Appendix A: BSA Laws and Regulation
Page 311 and 312: Appendix B: BSA/AML Directives Appe
Page 313 and 314: Web Sites Appendix C: BSA/AML Refer
Page 315 and 316: Appendix C: BSA/AML References •
Page 317 and 318: Appendix D: Statutory Definition of
Page 319 and 320: Appendix E: International Organizat
Page 321 and 322: Appendix F: Money Laundering and Te
Page 323: Appendix F: Money Laundering and Te
Page 327 and 328: Appendix F: Money Laundering and Te
Page 329 and 330: Funds Transfers Appendix F: Money L
Page 331 and 332: Appendix G: Structuring However, tw
Page 333 and 334: Appendix H: Request Letter Items (C
Page 339 and 340: Expanded Examination Procedures App
Page 341 and 342: Parallel Banking _ List any paralle
Page 351 and 352: Appendix I: Risk Assessment Link to
Page 353 and 354: Appendix J: Quantity of Risk Matrix
Page 355 and 356: Appendix K: Customer Risk versus Du
Page 357 and 358: When did the suspicious activity ta
Page 359 and 360: Low No history of OFAC actions. No
Page 361 and 362: Appendix O: Examiner Tools for Tran
Page 363 and 364: Appendix O: Examiner Tools for Tran
Page 365 and 366: Signature Cards Appendix P: BSA Rec
Page 367 and 368: Name and address of the beneficiary
Page 369 and 370: Appendix P: BSA Record Retention Re
Page 371 and 372: Acronym or abbreviation Full name E
Page 373 and 374: Acronym or abbreviation Full name N
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Appendix R: Enforcement Guidance Ap
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Appendix R: Enforcement Guidance As
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Appendix R: Enforcement Guidance ex
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Appendix R: Enforcement Guidance FF
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Backfiling. See Currency Transactio
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overview, 165-167 request letter it
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money services businesses, 279 nond
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Export Administration Act of 1979,
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Index 314(a) record searches, 88 Cu
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Index for a BSA/AML compliance prog
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guidance on providing banking servi
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247, 253, H-15 Offshore Financial C
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trade finance activities, H-14 trus
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enterprise-wide, 149-150, 152, 153
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U United Nations, 7, 137 Updating O
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