BSA/AML Examination Manual - ffiec

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Lending Activities — Overview Lending Activities — Overview Objective. Assess the adequacy of the bank’s systems to manage the risks associated with lending activities, and management’s ability to implement effective due diligence, monitoring, and reporting systems. Lending activities include, but are not limited to, real estate, trade finance, 195 cashsecured, credit card, consumer, commercial, and agricultural. Lending activities can include multiple parties (e.g., guarantors, signatories, principals, or loan participants). Risk Factors The involvement of multiple parties may increase the risk of money laundering or terrorist financing when the source and use of the funds are not transparent. This lack of transparency can create opportunities in any of the three stages of money laundering or terrorist financing schemes. These schemes could include the following: • To secure a loan, an individual purchases a certificate of deposit with illicit funds. • Loans are made for an ambiguous or illegitimate purpose. • Loans are made for, or are paid for, a third party. • The bank or the customer attempts to sever the paper trail between the borrower and the illicit funds. • Loans are extended to persons located outside the United States, particularly to those in high-risk jurisdictions and geographic locations. Loans may also involve collateral located outside the United States. Risk Mitigation All loans are considered to be accounts for purposes of the Customer Identification Program (CIP) regulations. For loans that may pose a higher risk for money laundering and terrorist financing, including the loans listed above, the bank should complete due diligence on related account parties (i.e., guarantors, signatories, or principals). Due diligence beyond what is required for a particular lending activity will vary according to the BSA/AML risks present, but could include performing reference checks, obtaining credit references, verifying the source of collateral, and obtaining tax or financial statements on the borrower and any or all of the various parties involved in the loan. The bank should have policies, procedures, and processes to monitor, identify, and report unusual and suspicious activities. The sophistication of the systems used to monitor lending account activity should conform to the size and complexity of the bank’s lending 195 Refer to the expanded overview section, “Trade Finance Activities,” page 241, for additional guidance. FFIEC BSA/AML Examination Manual 238 8/24/2007
Lending Activities — Overview business. For example, the bank can review loan reports such as early payoffs, past dues, fraud, or cash-secured. FFIEC BSA/AML Examination Manual 239 8/24/2007
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Bank Secrecy Act / Anti-Money Laund
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Table of Contents EXPANDED EXAMINAT
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INTRODUCTION Introduction This Fede
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Background Introduction In 1970, Co
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Introduction institutions, such as
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Introduction proliferation of weapo
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Introduction Although the motivatio
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Scoping and Planning — Overview C
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Scoping and Planning — Overview T
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Scoping and Planning — Examinatio
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Scoping and Planning — Examinatio
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BSA/AML Risk Assessment — Overvie
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Analysis of Specific Risk Categorie
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BSA/AML Risk Assessment — Examina
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BSA/AML Compliance Program — Over
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BSA/AML Compliance Program — Exam
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Developing Conclusions and Finalizi
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Developing Conclusions and Finalizi
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Customer Identification Program —
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Customer Information Required Custo
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Transaction Testing Customer Identi
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Customer Due Diligence — Overview
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Customer Due Diligence — Examinat
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Suspicious Activity Reporting — O
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Law Enforcement Inquiries and Reque
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Timing of a SAR Filing Suspicious A
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Suspicious Activity Reporting — E
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Suspicious Activity Reporting — E
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Currency Transaction Reporting —
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Currency Transaction Reporting —
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Currency Transaction Reporting Exem
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• Operating a pawn brokerage. Cur
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Currency Transaction Reporting Exem
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Information Sharing — Overview In
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Information Sharing — Overview su
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Information Sharing — Overview es
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Copies of section 314(a) requests.
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Purchase and Sale of Monetary Instr
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Funds Transfers Recordkeeping — O
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Funds Transfers Recordkeeping — O
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Responsibilities of Beneficiary’s
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Funds Transfers Recordkeeping — E
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Foreign Correspondent Account Recor
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Private Banking Due Diligence Progr
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Special Measures — Overview minim
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Examination Procedures Special Meas
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Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts
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International Transportation of Cur
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Office of Foreign Assets Control
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Enterprise-Wide BSA/AML Compliance
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Corporate management. Enterprise-Wi
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Foreign Branches and Offices of U.S
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Examination Procedures Parallel Ban
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Correspondent Accounts (Domestic)
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Correspondent Accounts (Foreign)
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Correspondent Accounts (Foreign)
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U.S. Dollar Drafts — Overview U.S
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U.S. Dollar Drafts — Examination
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Payable Through Accounts — Overvi
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Payable Through Accounts — Examin
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Payable Through Accounts — Examin
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Risk Mitigation Pouch Activities
Page 191 and 192: Pouch Activities — Examination Pr
Page 193 and 194: Electronic Banking — Overview lin
Page 195 and 196: Examination Procedures Electronic B
Page 197 and 198: Funds Transfers — Overview and on
Page 199 and 200: Funds Transfers — Overview busine
Page 201 and 202: Examination Procedures Funds Transf
Page 203 and 204: Automated Clearing House Transactio
Page 209 and 210: Transaction Testing Automated Clear
Page 211 and 212: Electronic Cash — Overview Using
Page 213 and 214: Third-Party Payment Processors —
Page 215 and 216: Third-Party Payment Processors —
Page 217 and 218: Purchase and Sale of Monetary Instr
Page 219 and 220: Brokered Deposits — Overview Brok
Page 221 and 222: Examination Procedures Brokered Dep
Page 223 and 224: Privately Owned Automated Teller Ma
Page 225 and 226: • Expected account activity, incl
Page 227 and 228: Privately Owned ATMs — Examinatio
Page 229 and 230: Nondeposit Investment Products —
Page 231 and 232: Nondeposit Investment Products —
Page 233 and 234: − Holdings in excess of the custo
Page 235 and 236: Insurance — Overview its insuranc
Page 237 and 238: Examination Procedures Insurance In
Page 239 and 240: Concentration Accounts — Overview
Page 241: Concentration Accounts — Examinat
Page 245 and 246: Trade Finance Activities — Overvi
Page 247 and 248: Risk Mitigation Trade Finance Activ
Page 249 and 250: Trade Finance Activities — Overvi
Page 251 and 252: Private Banking — Overview Privat
Page 253 and 254: Customer Risk Assessment Private Ba
Page 255 and 256: Private Banking — Overview determ
Page 257 and 258: Offshore entities. Cash-intensive b
Page 259 and 260: Trust and Asset Management Services
Page 261 and 262: • The type of trust or agency acc
Page 263 and 264: Transaction Testing Trust and Asset
Page 265 and 266: Nonresident Aliens and Foreign Indi
Page 267 and 268: Nonresident Aliens and Foreign Indi
Page 269 and 270: Politically Exposed Persons — Ove
Page 271 and 272: Politically Exposed Persons — Ove
Page 273 and 274: Politically Exposed Persons — Exa
Page 275 and 276: Embassy and Foreign Consulate Accou
Page 277 and 278: Embassy and Foreign Consulate Accou
Page 279 and 280: Non-Bank Financial Institutions —
Page 287 and 288: Professional Service Providers —
Page 289 and 290: Professional Service Providers —
Page 291 and 292: Non-Governmental Organizations and
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Non-Governmental Organizations and
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Business Entities (Domestic and For
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Risk Factors Business Entities (Dom
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Cash-Intensive Businesses — Overv
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Appendix A: BSA Laws and Regulation
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Appendix B: BSA/AML Directives Appe
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Web Sites Appendix C: BSA/AML Refer
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Appendix C: BSA/AML References •
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Appendix D: Statutory Definition of
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Appendix E: International Organizat
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Appendix F: Money Laundering and Te
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Privately Owned Automated Teller Ma
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Funds Transfers Appendix F: Money L
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Appendix G: Structuring However, tw
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Appendix H: Request Letter Items (C
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Expanded Examination Procedures App
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Parallel Banking _ List any paralle
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Appendix I: Risk Assessment Link to
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Appendix J: Quantity of Risk Matrix
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Appendix K: Customer Risk versus Du
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When did the suspicious activity ta
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Low No history of OFAC actions. No
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Appendix O: Examiner Tools for Tran
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Appendix O: Examiner Tools for Tran
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Signature Cards Appendix P: BSA Rec
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Name and address of the beneficiary
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Appendix P: BSA Record Retention Re
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Acronym or abbreviation Full name E
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Acronym or abbreviation Full name N
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Appendix R: Enforcement Guidance Ap
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Appendix R: Enforcement Guidance As
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Appendix R: Enforcement Guidance ex
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Appendix R: Enforcement Guidance FF
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Backfiling. See Currency Transactio
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overview, 165-167 request letter it
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money services businesses, 279 nond
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Export Administration Act of 1979,
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Index 314(a) record searches, 88 Cu
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Index for a BSA/AML compliance prog
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guidance on providing banking servi
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247, 253, H-15 Offshore Financial C
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trade finance activities, H-14 trus
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enterprise-wide, 149-150, 152, 153
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U United Nations, 7, 137 Updating O
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