Etudes par pays volume 2, PDF, 346 p., 1,4 Mo - Femise

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11873_2002 Study D2: Poverty, Informal Sector, Health and Labour greatly concerned with this kind of criminal activity and welcomes and shares in any EU relevant policies and interventions. In this respect, Greece supports and has participated actively in the project of ‘’small arms and light weapons’’ (SALW) control concerning the South East Europe. Technical support was also offered and seminars were given to the Albania police, and in addition, Greece is financing the SALW programme for Albania with 50,000EUR annually for the period 2002-2006. Furthermore, Greece is cooperating under a bilateral agreement with Bulgaria police on border control issues. Similar agreements are also signed with Russia and Ukraine (europa.eu.int/smartapi/cgi/sga_doc). The two consecutive legalizations of immigrants in 1998 (Presidential Decrees 357 and 358/1997) and in 2001 (L. 2910) seem to have contributed to the containment of their criminal activity, by offering them the possibility of making some first steps to their gradual integration into the Greek economy and society. A byproduct of this legalization is that it facilitates the search and control of immigrants’ criminal activity through the requirement that the applicants are fingerprinted. The legalization also contributes to the reduction of their poverty and the related to it tendency of offensive behaviour and criminal actions. FONDAZIONE CENSIS 157
11873_2002 Study D2: Poverty, Informal Sector, Health and Labour 5. TRENDS AND CORRELATION 5.1. Evolution and Structural Developments over time Health: Five major laws for the reformation of the health care system in Greece were passed in the last 20 years (1983-2003). This series of legislation started up, in1983, with the establishment of the NHS and ended in 2001, with the setting up of major Regional Health Systems. The creation of the NHS in 1983 was by itself, despite its several weaknesses and inefficiencies, a great step towards the democratization of health care delivery in Greece. It put an order to the previous situation of a disorganized and inaccessible to all citizens health care system, and offered a relief to the low income and poor people. Of particular interest has been the decentralization introduced with the establishment of NHS, which was more recently enhanced by the regional organisation and coordination of health care by the creation of the Regional Health System (PeSYs). The increasing attention over time to the primary health care and the connection of primary health care networks to the NHS hospitals has also been a welcomed development. The improvement in the management of the system by appointing, in 2001, administrative managers in the NHS hospitals and the hiring of more physicians of general practice filled partly a long standing gap in primary health care. Positive is also the cooperation of public health services with the welfare and social protection services, introduced in 1997. The part-time employment of NHS physicians, introduced in 1992, did not seem to work due to low wages, whereas the possibility of full-time physicians to receive private patients in after hours inside the hospitals they work is a controversial issue, standing to criticism on grounds that it refutes the essential NHS philosophy of free health services for all. It serves however the practical purpose of keeping the interests of good doctors to the NHS alive, without an excessive financial burden to the system that would have been necessary for raising salaries to a competitive level. The rising share of the state, over time, in total health expenditure, although very far from satisfying the principle of free health services for all, is in the right direction. The establishment of the exclusive list of approved medicines, to be paid by the social insurance funds for their beneficiaries, is an effort to control the tremendous expenses for pharmaceuticals, aiming at a more efficient use of the funds’ financial resources devoted to health care. FONDAZIONE CENSIS 158
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2 F E M I S E R E S E A R C H P R O
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The study was carried out by a work
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2.3. Aggregation of indicators: Pri
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APPENDIX
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Table 2 - Population Distribution b
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Table 7 Gross Domestic Product at F
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Table 9 Investment and Saving durin
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Table 12: Income, Distribution and
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Table 15-c: Poverty measures by edu
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Table 20 : Housing conditions by po
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Table 24 The Number of Crimes Repor
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Rank Country CPI 2002 score Surveys
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Table 26 Maternal Health Indicators
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JORDAN Royal Scientific Society
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11873_2002 Study D2: Poverty, Infor
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Population Projection 2000 - 2005 Y
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Page 113 and 114: Total Jordanians Non jordanians Tot
Page 115 and 116: Table 3 - Growth Rates of Economic
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Page 119 and 120: Table 1 Main Economic Indicators (C
Page 121 and 122: Table 2 Expenditure on Gross Domest
Page 123 and 124: Table 30 Components of Public Expen
Page 125 and 126: Table 32 Outstanding External Publi
Page 127 and 128: Table 34 Distribution of External L
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Page 133 and 134: Table 2 - The Composition of Greek
Page 141 and 142: Table 4: Health (and Pension) Insur
Page 143 and 144: Table 5: Composition (%) of Health
Page 145 and 146: Table 6 Estimated ‘’Unregistere
Page 157 and 158: Table 8 Crimes recorded in criminal
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Page 183 and 184: 7. STATISTICAL ANNEX
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Page 187 and 188: Table A4 - Incidence of Poverty (Pe
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6. ANNESSO STATISTICO
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Tab. 1 - Struttura per età della p
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Tab. 3 - Struttura per età della p
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Tab. 5 - Principali indicatori soci
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Tab.5 (segue)- Principali indicator
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Tab. 6 - Cittadini stranieri reside
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Tab. 8 - Popolazione per classe d'e
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Tab. 10 - Andamento del Prodotto In
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Tab. 12 - Reddito disponibile - Ann
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Tab. 14 - Popolazione secondo la ri
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Tab. 16 - Tassi di disoccupazione p
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Tab. 18 - Assicurati e pensionati,
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SALUTE
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Tab. 21 - Andamento della diffusion
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Tab. 23 - Andamento dei casi di Aid
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Tab. 25 - Distribuzione degli istit
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Tab. 27 - Attività di medicina di
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POVERTÀ
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Tab. 30 Fonte: Istat
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CRIMINALITÀ
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Segue tab. 44 1995 1996 1997 1998 1
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Segue tab. 44 1995 1996 1997 1998 1
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Segue tab. 45 1995 1996 1997 1998 1
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Tab. 46 - Detenuti Presenti al 31 d
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Tab. 47 - Condannati per distretto
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Tab. 49 - Condannati per distretto
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TURKEY Selahattin Bekmez, Ph.D. - C
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Table 3: Turkish Citizen Working an
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Table 5: Real GNP by Main Kind of E
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Table :7 İmport-Export Values (mil
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Table 1: Existing Status and Object
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Table 2: Number of Doctors an numbe
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Table 3: Heath Expenditures per yea
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Table 7: Distribution of Cancer Cas
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TABLE II - Sentenced Juveniles Rece
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