Etudes par pays volume 2, PDF, 346 p., 1,4 Mo - Femise

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11873_02 Study D2: Poverty, Informal Sector, Health and Labour 2. HEALTH 2.1. Definitions The government of Egypt is adopting the World Health Organization definition of health “a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity”. A recent survey 3 indicates measured the perception of Egyptians about their own health. The results indicated that 49% of the Egyptians feel that their health is same as people in the same age, 40% feel that their health is better or much better, 11% feel that their health is worse or much worse. 2.2. Policy and Legislation The Egyptian constitution states that free health care should be available for every individual. Egypt started building health facilities in urban and rural areas to deliver primary health (PHC) services early in the nineteen twenties. In urban areas, it took the form of maternal and child health centers (MCH). In rural areas, it took the form of an old type of rural health facilities, which was followed by two types of wooden transferable health units, one to treat ophthalmic diseases, and the other to treat schistosomiasis and intestinal parasites. The national program for the rural health services started in 1942 by establishing the rural health centers, each centre was to serve about 30,000 inhabitants in one or more villages. Each centre was staffed by a health team headed by a physician and consisting of nursing staff, assistant laboratory technician, sanitarian, and other workers. The rural health centers were to offer all PHC programs to the served community including: maternal and child health 3 Ministry of Health and Population 2002, Egypt Household and Health Care Utilization and Expenditure Survey. FONDAZIONE CENSIS 9
11873_02 Study D2: Poverty, Informal Sector, Health and Labour services, communicable diseases control, environmental sanitation, health education, parasitic and endemic diseases control, school health services, curative and emergency care (general practitioner level), family planning and dental care. Health care is delivered throughout public facilities, non-governmental organizations and the private sector. Public health facilities include: - Ministry of Health and Population (MOHP) owned facilities, which are mostly rural facilities, urban facilities, and secondary and tertiary hospitals for curative care. - Health insurance organization owned facilities, which provide services to employees, students, widows, pensioners and new born (about 45% of the Egypt population). - Curative care organization which runs some big hospitals and offers care for fixed fee. - Teaching hospitals and Technical Institutes Organization. - University Medical Teaching Hospitals, which have two systems, either completely free of charge curative services or fixed fee for service for those who can pay. Many NGO’s have health clinics and hospitals which offer services for reasonable prices to the public. The private sector plays an important role. It includes both formal and informal sectors. It manages private clinics or well-established specialized hospitals where people pay relative high fees for what they consider better services. This network also includes general practitioners, specialists, dentists, laboratories, pharmacists etc. During the nineties, the government was committed to the objective “health for all by the year 2000”. The government placed priority on meeting children’s health needs focusing on national programs to control diarrhea and acute respiratory infections and expanded childhood immunization program. Achievements were attained in the areas of high vaccination coverage, better health indices, especially infant mortality and life expectancy, and lower prevalence of intestinal parasites and schistosomiasis. FONDAZIONE CENSIS 10
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Table 9 Investment and Saving durin
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Table 12: Income, Distribution and
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Table 15-c: Poverty measures by edu
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Table 20 : Housing conditions by po
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Table 24 The Number of Crimes Repor
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Rank Country CPI 2002 score Surveys
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Table 26 Maternal Health Indicators
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JORDAN Royal Scientific Society
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11873_2002 Study D2: Poverty, Infor
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Population Projection 2000 - 2005 Y
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Distribution of Population Living i
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Total Jordanians Non jordanians Tot
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Table 3 - Growth Rates of Economic
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Contribution of Economic Sectors to
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Table 1 Main Economic Indicators (C
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Table 2 Expenditure on Gross Domest
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Table 30 Components of Public Expen
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Table 32 Outstanding External Publi
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Table 34 Distribution of External L
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Table 2 - The Composition of Greek
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Table 4: Health (and Pension) Insur
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Table 5: Composition (%) of Health
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Table 6 Estimated ‘’Unregistere
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Table 8 Crimes recorded in criminal
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7. STATISTICAL ANNEX
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Table A2 - Population in Greece by
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Table A4 - Incidence of Poverty (Pe
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6. ANNESSO STATISTICO
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Tab. 1 - Struttura per età della p
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Tab. 3 - Struttura per età della p
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Tab. 5 - Principali indicatori soci
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Tab.5 (segue)- Principali indicator
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Tab. 6 - Cittadini stranieri reside
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Tab. 8 - Popolazione per classe d'e
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Tab. 10 - Andamento del Prodotto In
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Tab. 12 - Reddito disponibile - Ann
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Tab. 14 - Popolazione secondo la ri
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Tab. 16 - Tassi di disoccupazione p
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Tab. 18 - Assicurati e pensionati,
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SALUTE
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Tab. 21 - Andamento della diffusion
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Tab. 23 - Andamento dei casi di Aid
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Tab. 25 - Distribuzione degli istit
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Tab. 27 - Attività di medicina di
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POVERTÀ
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Tab. 30 Fonte: Istat
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CRIMINALITÀ
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Segue tab. 44 1995 1996 1997 1998 1
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Segue tab. 44 1995 1996 1997 1998 1
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Segue tab. 45 1995 1996 1997 1998 1
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Tab. 46 - Detenuti Presenti al 31 d
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Tab. 47 - Condannati per distretto
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Tab. 49 - Condannati per distretto
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TURKEY Selahattin Bekmez, Ph.D. - C
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Table 3: Turkish Citizen Working an
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Table 5: Real GNP by Main Kind of E
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Table :7 İmport-Export Values (mil
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Table 1: Existing Status and Object
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Table 2: Number of Doctors an numbe
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Table 3: Heath Expenditures per yea
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Table 7: Distribution of Cancer Cas
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TABLE II - Sentenced Juveniles Rece
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