2. ENVIRONMENTAL ChEMISTRy & TEChNOLOGy 2.1. Lectures
2. ENVIRONMENTAL ChEMISTRy & TEChNOLOGy 2.1. Lectures
2. ENVIRONMENTAL ChEMISTRy & TEChNOLOGy 2.1. Lectures
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Chem. Listy, 102, s265–s1311 (2008) Environmental Chemistry & Technology<br />
Table II<br />
Concentrations of PBDE detected in carp skin and muscle<br />
[μg kg –1 ]<br />
Cong./ Skin Skin Muscle Muscle<br />
Carp Range Mean Range Mean<br />
BDE 3 21.2–26.3 24.8 14.6–17.0 15.2<br />
BDE 15 nd * – nd –<br />
BDE 28 nd – nd –<br />
BDE 47 66.7–188 118 54.5–78.2 66.4<br />
BDE 99 26.3–50.0 33.3 nd –<br />
BDE 100 49.8–136 98.2 37.9–55.1 46.3<br />
BDE 118 nd – nd –<br />
BDE 153 4<strong>2.</strong>5–77.1 5<strong>2.</strong>2 nd –<br />
BDE 154 37.1–98.6 69.3 28.6–34.1 30.5<br />
BDE 183 18.9–24.5 21.0 nd –<br />
* not detected<br />
Table III<br />
Concentrations of PBDE detected in crucian skin and muscle<br />
[μg kg –1 ]<br />
Cong./ Skin Skin Muscle Muscle<br />
Crucial Range Mean Range Mean<br />
BDE 3 69.6–175 – 81.3 81.3<br />
BDE 15 nd – nd –<br />
BDE 28 nd – nd –<br />
BDE 47 49.9–68.2 57.4 31.3 31.3<br />
BDE 99 nd – 16.5–27.9 24.4<br />
BDE 100 40.0–6<strong>2.</strong>3 57.8 nd –<br />
BDE 118 nd – nd –<br />
BDE 153 6<strong>2.</strong>2 6<strong>2.</strong>2 31.8–106 85.5<br />
BDE 154 23.6–25.1 24.7 nd –<br />
BDE 183 nd – nd –<br />
Tables II–IV. The levels of PBDEs in amur were bello tho<br />
limits of detection, therefore they were left out in the table<br />
summary. Fig. 1. shows representative chromatogram of carp<br />
skin sample analysed in capillary column DB-17 MS with<br />
50 % diphenyl- 50 % dimethylsiloxane stationary phase.<br />
The most abundant congeners determined in skin of<br />
investigated species were BDE 3, BDE 47, BDE 100 and<br />
BDE 153. Greater mean levels were observed in skin then<br />
muscle tissues.<br />
s379<br />
Table IV<br />
Concentrations of PBDE detected in bream skin and muscle<br />
[μg kg –1 ]<br />
Cong./ Skin Skin Muscle Muscle<br />
Bream Range Mean Range Mean<br />
BDE 3 4<strong>2.</strong>2–6<strong>2.</strong>2 48.3 26.0–31.5 29.8<br />
BDE 15 nd – nd –<br />
BDE 28 nd – nd –<br />
BDE 47 35.2 35.2 nd –<br />
BDE 99 nd – nd –<br />
BDE 100 19.8 19.8 13.2 13.2<br />
BDE 118 nd – nd –<br />
BDE 153 20.6–2<strong>2.</strong>8 21.7 18.6 18.6<br />
BDE 154 nd – nd –<br />
BDE 183 nd – nd –<br />
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers are very resistant to<br />
biodegradation and also show carcinogenic and mutagenic<br />
effects. Due to unavoidable emissions into the environment<br />
PBDEs have been found throughout the world both in abiotic<br />
(air, water, soil, sediment) and biotic (fish tissue, bird eggs,<br />
marine mammals) compartments. Into the future, will be very<br />
important and necessary monitoring these compounds in the<br />
environment and food chain especially.<br />
Financial support from Ministry of Education, Youth<br />
and Sports under MSM 6215712402 is greatly appreciated<br />
REFEREnCES<br />
1. Marsh G., Hu J., Jakobsson E., Rahm S.; Bbergman A.:<br />
Environ. Sci. Technol. 33, 3033 (1999).<br />
<strong>2.</strong> de Boer K., Boom J. P.: Polybrominated biphenyls and<br />
diphenyl ethers. The handbook of environmental chemistry<br />
3, new types of persistent halogenated compound,<br />
61–95, 2000.<br />
3. Kazda R., Hajšlová J., Poustka J., Čajka T.: Anal. Chim.<br />
Acta 520, 237 (2004)<br />
4. WHO/ICPS: Environmental health kriteria 162, Brominated<br />
diphenyl ethers, World health organization,<br />
Geneva, 1994.