2. ENVIRONMENTAL ChEMISTRy & TEChNOLOGy 2.1. Lectures

Chem. Listy, 102, s265–s1311 (2008) Environmental Chemistry & Technology
Table I
Percentage of the wind directions and calm in the Rožňava town [%]
n n-E E S-E S S-W W n-W Calm
38 8 6 2 25 2 3 6 10
Table II
The content of the selected elements in the solid dust outlets from thermal technologies
Technologies
Fe Mn Zn Pb Cu Cr Cd As
[%] [ppm]
Pelletizing 30.4 3.48 94 32.6 99 39 25 636
Rotary furnaces 27.8 2.12 200 127 170 63 24 176
Table III
The emissions of solid pollutants from the plant (1998–2007) [t year –1 ]
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
156.4 116.3 116.9 86.7 32.9 63.3 63.8 121.5 155.8 148.4
Table IV
The average deposition of selected heavy metals and total deposition in the area of nižná Slaná (2001–2007)
Parameter
Total dep. Fe Mn Zn Pb Cu Cr Cd As
[mg m –2 year –1 ]
Minimum 8,621.0 1,221.0 60.9 9.54 0.35 1.67 1.09 0.033 1.49
Maximum 32,537.0 9,636.0 631.3 63.12 2.81 5.73 4.36 0.078 28.84
Average (n = 17) 18,155.0 4,543.0 272.7 23.34 0.93 3.38 2.58 0.050 11.07
Median 17,173.0 4,423.0 265.0 17.68 0.68 3.27 2.59 0.048 8.77
SD 6,996.0 2,288.0 160.6 16.59 0.65 1.05 1.05 0.012 7.50
were in the interval 8.6–32.5 g m –2 y –1 . In most of sampling
points a significant increase of solid pollutant emissions in
2005 till 2007 comparing with previous years was not detected
(total dust fallout). On the other hand, the significant
increases of Fe, Mn and As deposition values were recorded
using dust fallout analysis in the most of sampling stations.
The samples of dust fallout were also subjected to X-ray
diffraction (XRD) analysis. Thus, minerals such as quartz,
chlorite, siderite, ankerite were detected. These minerals
come from raw ore handling but also as a result of aeolation
from surrounding environment. On the other side hand there
are minerals, namely hematite, maghemite, magnetite and
wüstite coming from the thermal technologies of the plant 2 .
Table IV presents average values of deposition of
selected heavy metals and basic statistic parameters for the
whole monitored period and all sampling points. Qualitative
composition of dust fallout unlike of its quantity significantly
contributed to the ecological load of the individual sampling
points that was caused by plant activities. Between various
sampling points high differences in the deposition were
determined mainly for Fe, Mn and As. There were not so high
differences in the deposition with others elements. The most
s310
ecological load was situated in the south of the plant, in the
central part of the valley. The statistical dependence between
emissions of solid pollutants and deposition of observed
metals (annual median) in the individual years by correlation
analysis was evaluated. Relatively high positive values
of correlation coefficient were calculated for manganese, iron
and arsenic, namely 0.794, 0.764 and 0.749, respectively.
Correlation coefficients for other elements were relatively
low. The development of selected metal deposition (median)
and the emissions of solid pollutants for the whole monitoring
period is showed in Fig. 2.
In the Slovak Republic there are not determined allowable
limits for heavy metals deposition from dust fallout.
That is the reason why relative comparison of heavy metal
depositions for different localities is used for assessment of
immission load.
In the nižná Slaná locality, Fe deposition achieves high
values because of solid pollutants emissions consist mainly
of iron minerals. Fe depositions monitored in the individual
stations were in the range from 1.221 to 9.636 mg m –2 y –1 .
In Košice town with metallurgy industry, the values varied
from 232 to 7.568 mg m –2 y –1 (ref. 3 ). In the Czech Republic