SPHENOPHRYNE - American Museum of Natural History

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10 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY NO. 253 chaperina robusta Fry, 1912, revived combination. Fry (1912) described Austrochaperina and three included species, robusta, ornata, and gracilipes, specifying the first of these as the type species. The second is now in the genus Cophixalus, and gracilipes (the only microhylid common to Australia and New Guinea) here reverts to its original genus. In the original description, Fry (1912: 91) recognized two ‘‘colour varieties’’ of robusta: A, to which the type specimen belonged, and B, including a single specimen. Later he reconsidered and (1915) made specimen B the type of a new species, A. brevipes. Parker (1934) synonymized this species under Sphenophryne polysticta (Méhely¨), but Zweifel (1962) revived brevipes under the new name fryi, the change necessitated by the preoccupation of brevipes by Sphenophryne brevipes (Boulenger, 1897). Here Boulenger’s brevipes and Zweifel’s fryi are assigned to Austrochaperina, Fry’s brevipes remaining preoccupied. KEY TO AUSTROCHAPERINA 3 Inasmuch as four species of Austrochaperina are known from only one specimen each and another from just two, the distinctions in this key may be blurred by additional specimens. Geographic considerations may help in puzzling cases. Species are sometimes most readily identified by combinations of ratios; I provide graphs to facilitate keying in these instances. This key is intended to identify adult specimens. Austrochaperina polysticta, known only from a single specimen now destroyed, is not keyed (but see species account). 1. Tips of 2nd–4th fingers flattened, disclike, with faint indications of terminal grooves, but only that of the 3rd expanded ........ kosarek Tips of fingers in addition to the 3rd with grooved, expanded terminal discs ..... 2 2. Third finger disc equal in width to or scarcely broader than penultimate phalanx ..... 3 Third finger disc slightly to much broader than penultimate phalanx ............ 5 3. TL/SVL 0.35–0.44 and EN/SVL 0.071–0.087 (fig.2) .................... brevipes 3 New Guinean species only; see Zweifel (1985b) for a key to the Australian species. Fig. 1. Comparison of relative tibia length and eye diameter in Austrochaperina gracilipes (solid squares) and A. novaebritanniae. TL/SVL 0.41–0.48 and EN/SVL 0.067–0.077 (fig.2) .......................... 4 4. Size smaller, adults 17–21mmSVL ...... ........................... mehelyi Size larger, SVL 23–31 mm (two specimens only) ..................... aquilonia 5. Maximum adult SVL about 26 mm ..... 6 Adults typically larger than 26 mm SVL . . . ................................. 9 6. Adults 22–26 mm SVL, finger discs larger (FD/SVL 0.031) ............ blumi Adults usually 22 mm SVL, finger discs smaller (FD/SVL 0.030) .......... 7 7. EY/SVL 0.115 and TL/SVL 0.400 (fig. 1) ....................... gracilipes EY/SVL 0.105 and TL/SVL 0.460 . . 8 8. All dorsal surfaces with tiny pale spots, ventral surfaces similar but with larger spots .................... novaebritanniae Spotting absent middorsally, abdomen mottled ....................... yelaensis 9. Toes without webbing ............... 10 Toes with basal or greater webbing .... 17 10. FD/SVL 0.035 ................... 11 FD/SVL 0.035 ................... 14 11. Adult at 28 mm SVL (1 female only) ..... ....................... adamantina Minimum size of adult females 30 mm SVL, usually much larger ............... 12 12. Dorsum gray-brown with small irregular dark brown spots (fig.18) .......... guttata Pattern not as described—obscure, or with
2000 ZWEIFEL: PARTITION OF SPHENOPHRYNE 11 Fig. 2. Comparison of relative eye–naris distance and tibia length in Austrochaperina brevipes (circles), A. mehelyi (squares), and A. aquilonia. Adult individuals only plotted. tiny dark flecks or vermiform markings . . ............................... 13 13. TL/SVL 0.46 and EY/SVL 0.116 (Fig. 3) ................... macrorhyncha TL/SVL 0.46 and EY/SVL 0.116 .... .......................... rivularis 14. Dorsal pattern of small, pale spots, more numerous laterally, on darker background; SVL 30.6 mm (1 adult female) . . parkeri Pattern not as described, adult female SVL usually 32mm................. 15 15. IN/SVL 0.103 and EY/SVL 0.105 .... ......................... archboldi Proportions not as given ............. 16 16. Middorsal region dark, abruptly differentiated from paler lateral area (fig. 20), groin, anterior and posterior sides of thighs peach color ..................... hooglandi Dorsal region light to dark brown, not sharply distinguished from paler sides (fig. 12), groin and thighs not pink ..... derongo 17. Toes with well-developed webbing (fig. 56D), usually a prominent spike on each vomer (fig. 65O) .................. palmipes Toes with basal webbing (fig. 56C), no vomerine spike ............ basipalmata Austrochaperina adamantina, new species Figure 4 HOLOTYPE: AMNH A78185, collected by Jared Diamond on July 14, 1966, in West Fig. 3. Comparison of relative tibia length and eye diameter in Austrochaperina macrorhyncha (solid squares) and A. rivularis from Western Province, Papua New Guinea. Sepik Province, Papua New Guinea, on Mount Nibo, 9 km N, 15.5 km E of Lumi, at an elevation between 700 and 1550 m. PARATYPES: There are no paratypes. ETYMOLOGY: The specific name (Latin, ‘‘like a diamond’’) refers to Jared Diamond, the collector of this and a great many other valuable herpetological specimens from Papua New Guinea. DIAGNOSIS: A species of moderate size (28 mm SVL, one specimen), lacking toe webbing, with the following diagnostic combination of proportions: eyes large (EY/SVL 0.125), leg length moderate (TL/SVL 0.434), narrow head (HW/SVL 0.338), narrow internarial span (IN/SVL 0.098), and moderately large finger discs (3rd finger disc/SVL 0.041). Eleven New Guinean Austrochaperina are eliminated on criteria of size and/or toe webbing alone, and the remaining eight are eliminated on proportions. Differences from the most similar species, A. macrorhyncha, are discussed under Comparisons. DESCRIPTION OF HOLOTYPE: Adult female (gravid) with the following measurements and proportions: SVL 28.1, HW 9.5, TL 12.2, EY 3.5, EN 2.05, IN 2.75, HD 6.3, FT 12.5, third finger disc 1.15 (penultimate phalanx 0.55), fourth toe disc 1.2 (0.65), TY 1.4; HW/SVL 0.338, TL/SVL 0.434, EY/SVL
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SPHENOPHRYNE - American Museum of Natural History

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