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VOLUME 62 • NUMBER 6 • JUNE 1989<br />

Editor: GRAHAM SMITH


Athena<br />

Already installed in UK hospitals,<br />

Athena is proving its total flexibility in<br />

patient monitoring. Designed to keep<br />

pace with advances in technology,<br />

Athena is a fully modular system so<br />

that new parameter modules,<br />

program enhancements or more<br />

powerful components can easily-be<br />

integrated as necessary.<br />

Athena will collect, handle and<br />

present up to 16 physiological<br />

parameters on its high resolution 12"<br />

monitor, from ECG and respiration<br />

through to cardiac out-put, endital<br />

C02 and oxygen saturation.<br />

Central monitoring of up to 24<br />

connected bedside scopes, and bed<br />

to bed communication are also<br />

available throughout the system,<br />

providing simple to operate, flexible,<br />

yet very sophisticated patient<br />

monitoring.<br />

> Using "technology<br />

to Meet the Demands<br />

of the Future.<br />

fek M<br />

S&W Vickers Ltd, Ruxley Corner, Sidcup, Kent DA14 5BL*<br />

Telephone 01-309 0433 Telex 896328 Fax 01-309 0919


EDITORIAL BOARD<br />

Editor<br />

G. SMITH, Professor of Anaesthesia, University of Leicester Medical School, Leicester<br />

Editors of Educational Reviews<br />

A. P. ADAMS, Professor of Anaesthetics, United Medical and Dental Schools of<br />

Guy's and St Thomas's Hospitals, University of London<br />

C. J. HULL, Professor of Anaesthesia, University of Newcastle<br />

J. A. W. WILDSMITH, Consultant Anaesthetist, Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh<br />

G. DRUMMOND, Consultant Anaesthetist, Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh<br />

F. R. ELLIS, Reader in Anaesthesia, University of Leeds<br />

G. M. HALL (Secretary), Reader in Anaesthetics, University of London, Royal<br />

Postgraduate Medical School<br />

D. J. HATCH, Consultant in Anaesthesia and Respiratory Measurement, The<br />

Hospital for Sick Children .<br />

J. G. JONES, Professor of Anaesthesia, University oj Leeds<br />

W. W. MAPLESON, Professor of the Physics of Anaesthesia, University of Wales<br />

College of Medicine, Cardiff<br />

J. NORMAN (Treasurer), Professor of Anaesthetics, University of Southampton<br />

J. F. NUNN, Head of Division of Anaesthesia, Clinical Research Centre, Harrow;<br />

Honorary Consultant Anaesthetist, Northwick Park Hospital<br />

J. P. PAYNE, Emeritus Professor of Anaesthesia, University of London<br />

A. A. SPENCE (Chairman), Professor of Anaesthetics, Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh<br />

M. K. SYKES, Nuffield Professor of Anaesthetics, University of Oxford<br />

J. E. UTTING, Professor of Anaesthesia, University Department of Anaesthesia,<br />

Royal Liverpool Hospital<br />

Associate/Assistant Editors<br />

D. FELL, Senior Lecturer, University of Leicester<br />

C. D. HANNING, Senior Lecturer, University of Leicester<br />

D. J. ROWBOTHAM, Senior Lecturer, University of Leicester<br />

D. A. B. TURNER, Consultant Anaesthetist, Royal Infirmary, Leicester<br />

Technical Editor<br />

MRS S. E. LOWRY, PH.D., 19 Maiden Erleigh Drive, Reading, Berks<br />

British Journal of Anaesthesia ISSN 0007-0912 (monthly). Second Class postage paid, Rahway N. J.<br />

Postmaster: send address corrections to B.J.A. c/o Mercury International Ltd, Inc., 2323 Randolph<br />

Avenue, Avenel, N.J. 07001. (U.S.A. Subscription 8131.)


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For countries outside Great Britain:<br />

SiemensElema AB. Life Support Systems Division.<br />

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Life Support Systems


iv BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA<br />

PAIN 1989<br />

THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM<br />

Herzliya, Israel September 16-19, 1989<br />

Sponsored by the Israel Pain Association.<br />

The programme will be devoted to advances in research and treatment of acute and<br />

chronic pain. Amongst the selected topics will be obstetric analgesia and<br />

postoperative pain.<br />

For information: Pain 1989 Secretariat,<br />

P.O.B. 50006,<br />

Tel Aviv 61500,<br />

Israel.<br />

Tel.: (03) 654571<br />

Telex: 341171 KENS IL<br />

Fax: 972 3 655674<br />

Electronic Mail: I.T.T.<br />

DIALCOM-05: GLU150


o E<br />

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the desatumtion risk<br />

from the OR to<br />

Recovery!<br />

Bridge your safety gap<br />

Undetected hypoxia<br />

during transport from the<br />

OR is now recognized to be<br />

a serious danger. Pulse oximetry<br />

is the idea] choice to<br />

bridge the safety gap from<br />

the OR to recovery.<br />

Diagnostic pulse wave<br />

Monitoring the plethysmographic<br />

pulse wave will<br />

alert you to circulatory<br />

depression, cardiac<br />

arrhythmia or other potentially<br />

life-threatening<br />

changes in circulation. And<br />

continuous pulse waveform<br />

display is now regarded as<br />

essential for validating SaO;<br />

readings.<br />

Clear display of vital<br />

data<br />

Separate, bright numeric<br />

displays ensure that the vital<br />

SaO2 and heart rate data can<br />

be seen from any viewing<br />

angle and under all lighting<br />

conditions.<br />

a D<br />

Monitoring without<br />

compromise<br />

Unlike other pulse oximeters,<br />

Satlitemmy does<br />

not compromise performance<br />

for portability.<br />

Datex now offers you<br />

the world's widest<br />

range of pulse oximetry<br />

solutions.<br />

In the U.K. please contact<br />

S&W Vickers, tel. 01 3090433,<br />

telex 896328 or fax 01309 0919<br />

DdTEX<br />

For people who care<br />

Datex/Instnimentarium Corp., P.O. Box 357, SF-00101 Helsinki Finland.Tel. + 358039411,Tx 126252 datex sf


BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA<br />

EAST AFRICAN SOCIETY OF ANAESTHESIOLOGISTS<br />

ANNUAL SCIENTIFIC MEETING<br />

and<br />

REFRESHER COURSE<br />

Arusha, Tanzania September 7-9, 1989<br />

The Annual Scientific Meeting will be preceded by a Refresher Course sponsored<br />

jointly by the W.F.S.A., the University of Dar-es-Salaam and the Society.<br />

Further information from: Dr H. Luveno,<br />

P.O. Box 7097,<br />

Dar-es-Salaam.<br />

Dr E. Egan,<br />

P.O. Box 3010,<br />

Moshi,<br />

Tanzania.<br />

15th INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS<br />

ISRAEL SOCIETY OF ANESTHESIOLOGISTS<br />

Tel Aviv, Israel September 19-22, 1989<br />

First announcement and call for papers.<br />

Secretariat: Anesthesiologists 1989 Congress,<br />

P.O. Box 50006,<br />

Tel Aviv 61500,<br />

Israel.


ANAESTHESIA"*<br />

HAS COME A<br />

LONG WAY... J<br />

...SO HAS<br />

REVERSAL<br />

In recent years, many advances have been made in the<br />

field of anaesthesia, including reversal of residual<br />

neuromuscular blockade.<br />

A. H. Robins has been a major contributor to this area<br />

with Robinul.<br />

As an anticholinergic agent Robinul provides significant<br />

advantages over atropine: less initial tachycardia',<br />

better protection against the peripheral muscarinic<br />

effects of neostigmine 1 , and a better quality of recovery 2 .<br />

At reversal, when administered simultaneously with<br />

neostigmine, Robinul is associated with greater<br />

cardiostability than separate injections 3 .<br />

ROBINUL- NEOSTIGMINE injection contains standard<br />

doses of Robinul and neostigmine in a 1ml ampoule,<br />

provides dependable and convenient reversal of<br />

residual neuromuscular blockade, and contributes<br />

further towards improvements in anaesthesia.<br />

I<br />

GLYCOPYRROLATE<br />

NEOSTIGMINE<br />

NKOSTK.MINK MKTHYLSl LPHATK<br />

Each lml contains Gtycopyrroltte USP 500 micrograms (OSmg) Neostigmine Methyfsulphate BP 2500 micrograms I2.5mg! Mication: Reversa<br />

3t residual non-d«potarittng(comp«1itive) neuromuscular block Oau$»m4AJmmittTWt\on: Intravenous injection Adults and Older Patients 1 2ml 12500 microgfams neostigmine methylsulphaWSOO<br />

rncrogrtfttf gtycopyrroiale to 5000 nucrograms neosugmme iMthylsulphate/1000 micrograms glycapyrrolaiel over a penod of 10-30 seconds Alternatively 0 02rnl/kg 150 microgram<br />

- * • • - - - rrogrems gtycopyrrolate per kg body weight) over a psnod of 10 30 seconds Children 002ml/kg (50 micrograms neostigmine methylsulphate/10 micro<br />

pam gfycopyrrobM ptr kg tMdy wwgfati owtr a period of 10-30 seconds These doses may be repealed if adequate reversal is not achieved Total doses m excess of 2ml are nc<br />

recouwModed. CMtot-MfeaiMr HytmteuithniY to ingredients. Mechanical obstruction of gastrointestinal or urinary tracts Concomitant administration of suKamethomum Sid* ffftcts<br />

Meostigmine induced (muscarinic) side effects - bradycardia, increased oropharyngeat secretions, cardiac dysrhythmias. bronchospasm. increased gasuointesuna< activiiy etc<br />

Glycopyrrolate induced side effects dry mouth, difficult-/ m micturition, cardiac dysrhythmias. disturbances of visual accommodation, inhibition of sweating Prtcjti—t: Use with caution n<br />

aatients with bronchospasm. severe bradycardia. fever, glaucoma, coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, cardiac dysrhyitimias. hypertension, thyrotowcosis, epilepsy or Paritm<br />

wmsm Use with caution m patients wtth mtestmaf anastomoses. Safety m pregnancyJlactatton has not been established B**tc NHS price CIO 37110 * lml ampoules! Ufal Cm»§»Pf P0^<br />

Padtaft Q»aaMt*s Packs of 10 ampoules fwrtk$t WansatiMi Robtnol Neostigmine Infection can be used when atropine has been used as a pre-operatrve arm-cholmergic Prefac<br />

01OOVOO99 Pi—'m Alfcoriirtoii Wimfcii 86^77/1 fMtnaces 1 Mirakhur RK et al Anaesth Analg 19 81. 60. 557-562 2 Sheref SE Br J Anaesth 1985. 57 IBS 191 3 Mostafa SM<br />

itocevic M Anaesthesia 1984; 39 1207 1213 full Data Sheet available on request from A H.Robins Company Ltd.Sussex Manor Business Park. Gatwick Road, Crawley, West Sussex RH10 ?NH


GUIDE TO CONTRIBUTORS<br />

The purpose of the British Journal of Anaesthesia<br />

is the publication of original work in all branches<br />

of anaesthesia, including the application of basic<br />

sciences. One issue each year deals mainly with<br />

material of postgraduate educational value.<br />

PAPERS<br />

Papers submitted must not have been published<br />

in whole or in part in any other journal, and are<br />

subject to editorial revision. It is a condition of<br />

acceptance for publication that copyright becomes<br />

vested in the journal and permission to republish<br />

must be obtained from the Editor.<br />

Papers based on clinical investigation should<br />

conform to ethical standards as set out in the<br />

Declaration of Helsinki. In the case of animal<br />

studies it is the responsibility of the author to<br />

satisfy the Board that no unnecessary suffering<br />

has been inflicted.<br />

LEGAL CONSIDERATIONS<br />

Authors should avoid the use of names, initials<br />

and hospital numbers which might lead to<br />

recognition of a patient. A patient must not be<br />

recognizable in photographs unless written consent<br />

of the subject has been obtained. A table or<br />

illustration that has been published elsewhere<br />

should be accompanied by a statement that<br />

permission for reproduction has been obtained<br />

from the author and publishers.<br />

PREPARATION OF MANUSCRIPT<br />

Three copies of each manuscript should be<br />

submitted and should indicate the title of the<br />

paper, the name(s), qualifications and full address(es)<br />

of the author(s), and be in letter quality<br />

heavy type (not dot matrix), double-spaced on one<br />

side only of the paper, with a wide margin.<br />

Contributors should retain a copy in order to<br />

check proofs and in case of loss.<br />

Manuscripts should be accompanied by a<br />

formal letter of request for publication which<br />

should be signed by all of the authors.<br />

Papers in recent issues of the British Journal of<br />

vni<br />

Anaesthesia should be consulted for general and<br />

detailed presentation. They are most often subdivided<br />

into:<br />

Title page<br />

Summary<br />

Introduction (not headed)<br />

Methods<br />

Results<br />

Discussion<br />

Acknowledgements<br />

List of references<br />

Tables<br />

Illustrations<br />

Title page<br />

There should be a separate title page, including<br />

the name(s), degrees and address(es) of author(s).<br />

It should be made clear which address relates to<br />

which author. Authors' present addresses differing<br />

from those at which the work was carried out,<br />

or special instructions concerning the address for<br />

correspondence, should be given as a footnote on<br />

the title page and referenced at the appropriate<br />

place in the author list by superscript symbols. If<br />

the address to which proofs should be sent is not<br />

that of the first-mentioned author, clear instructions<br />

should be given in a covering note and<br />

not on the title page. The title page should be<br />

paginated as page 1 of the paper.<br />

A short running title containing not more than<br />

50 characters and spaces, and three to five key<br />

words or phrases (for indexing) should be included.<br />

Summary<br />

The summary will be printed at the beginning<br />

of the paper. It should be on a separate sheet, in<br />

the form of a single paragraph which gives a<br />

succinct account of the problem, the methods,<br />

results and conclusions, and normally should be<br />

of 50-150 words. It may be used as it stands by<br />

abstracting journals.<br />

Introduction<br />

The introduction should give a concise account<br />

of the background of the problem and the object


A 20661 E<br />

Anaesthesist<br />

Organ der<br />

Mit Sonderteil OsterreichischenGesellschaftfurAnaesthesiologie, Reanimation und Intensivtherapie<br />

Tt • 1 A -jL • DeutschenGesellschaftfurAnaesthesiologieundlntensivmedizin<br />

M\£gjOnM—AjUieStneSie Schweizerischen Gesellschaft fur Anaesthesiologie und Reanimation<br />

(erscheint zweimonatlich) (Societe Suisse d'Anesthesiologie et de Reanimation)<br />

J. Jage<br />

L. Brandt, F. Mertzlufft, W. Dick<br />

F. Konrad, A. Deller, J. Diatzko,<br />

J.E.Schmitz,J.Kilian<br />

H. Suttmann, G. Juhl, B. Baur,<br />

W. Morgenstern, A. Doenicke<br />

E. Pfenninger, K.H. Lindner,<br />

F.W.Ahnefeld<br />

Th.A. Crazier, M. Sydow. J. Muller,<br />

M. Langenbeck, J. Radke,<br />

D. Kettler<br />

H. Mang, J. Weindler, Ch.L. Zapf<br />

H. Lammer, G. Mitterschiffthaler,<br />

F. Fischer<br />

K. Falk, H. GroB, K. Zinganell<br />

G. Mitterschiffthaler, J.M. Hackl,<br />

R. Neumann<br />

Ch. Putensen, M. Baum, W. Koller,<br />

G.Putz<br />

0. Mayrhofer<br />

38. Band Heft 4 April 1989<br />

Qbersichten<br />

Methadon - Pharmakokinetik und Pharmakodynamik eines Opiates<br />

[Methadone: pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic features of an opiate] 159<br />

Originalien<br />

Verhalten des arteriellen und gemischtvenosen Blutgasstatus in der Initialphase der<br />

Intubationsapnoe<br />

[Arterial and mixed-venous blood gases during early intubation apnea] 167<br />

paO2-Abfa!l nach intratrachealer Applikation von Lokalanaesthetika und 0,9%iger Natriumchloridlosung<br />

[Flexible bronchoscopy of ventilator patients in local anesthesia. Decline in paO2 due to local<br />

anesthesiaand NaCIO.9%] 174<br />

Visuelle EEG-Analyse zurSteuerung intravenoser Narkosen mit Propofol<br />

[Visual analysis of EEG for regulation of intravenous anesthesia with propofol] 180<br />

Die Infusion von THAM (Trishydroxymethylaminomethan) alsTherapie zur Senkung des erhohten<br />

intrakraniellen Druckes beim akuten Schadel-Hirn-Trauma<br />

[Use of THAM (tris-hydroxymethylaminomethan) for rapid control of high intracranial pressure in<br />

severe head injury] 189<br />

Hamodynamische Effekte des Benzodiazepin-Antagonisten Flumazenil nach Laparotomien unter<br />

einertotalenintravenosenAnaesthesiemitMidazolam<br />

[Hemodynamic effects of the benzodiazepine antagonist flumazenil after laparotomies in total<br />

intravenous anesthesia] 193<br />

Intensivmedizin<br />

Postoperative Atemtherapie mit Incentive Spirometry<br />

[Incentive spirometry in postoperative respiratory care] 200<br />

Fehlerund Gefahren<br />

Zungengrundstruma, etn unerwartetes und seltenes Intubationshindernis<br />

[Lingual thyroid, an unexpected and rare obstacle to intubation] 206<br />

Fallberichte<br />

Erschwerte Intubation und Narkose bei Morbus Pfaundler Hurler<br />

[Difficulties encountered in intubation and anesthesia of a patient with Pfaundler-Hurfer disease] 208<br />

Malignes Neurolept Syndrom und maligne Hyperthermie<br />

[Neuroleptic malignant syndrome, a risk factor in malignant hyperthermia] 210<br />

Technische Neuerungen<br />

PEEP-Welle: Ein automatisiertes Verfahren zur bettseitigen Bestimmung der Volumen/<br />

Druck-Beziehung der Lunge beatmeter Patienten<br />

[An automated technique for determination of the volume/pressure ratio in the lungs of<br />

mechanically ventilated patients at the bedside] 214<br />

Laudatio<br />

Professor Herbert Benzer zum 60. Geburtstag<br />

Buchbesprechungen<br />

Fachnachrichten<br />

KongreBkalender<br />

Indexed in Current Contents<br />

Zum Deutschen AnaesthesiekongreB in Bremen<br />

Annual subscription price DM 380.20 (including carriage charges)<br />

Springer-Verlag<br />

101 AnaesthestSt ISSN 0003-2417 ANATAE (1989) 38(4) 159-224<br />

Gedrutid auf sdurefretem Paper<br />

220<br />

213,222<br />

222<br />

223


of the investigation. Previous work should be<br />

quoted only if it has a direct bearing on the<br />

present problem.<br />

Methods<br />

Methods must be described in sufficient detail<br />

to allow the investigation to be interpreted and<br />

repeated by the reader. Any modification of<br />

previously published methods should be described<br />

and the reference given. If the methods<br />

are commonly used, only a reference to the<br />

original source is required.<br />

Drugs<br />

When a drug is first mentioned it should be<br />

given the generic or official name, followed in<br />

parentheses by the chemical formula only if the<br />

structure is not well known, and by the capitalized<br />

proprietary name.<br />

Results<br />

Description of results, while concise, should<br />

permit repetition of the investigation by others.<br />

Data should not be repeated unnecessarily in text,<br />

tables and figures, and unwarranted numbers of<br />

digits should be avoided. Significance should be<br />

given as values of probability. The desired<br />

positions of tables and figures may be indicated by<br />

written instructions enclosed within lines and<br />

brackets, for example:<br />

(TABLE III near here)<br />

Discussion<br />

The discussion should not merely recapitulate<br />

the results, but should present their interpretation<br />

against the background of existing knowledge. It<br />

should include a statement of any assumptions on<br />

which conclusions are based.<br />

Acknowledgements<br />

Acknowledgements will be printed in small<br />

type. They should be brief, and should include<br />

reference to sources of support and sources of<br />

drugs not freely available commercially.<br />

References<br />

There should be a table of references at the<br />

conclusion of the paper, commencing on a new<br />

sheet.<br />

References must be numbered consecutively in<br />

the order in which they are first mentioned in the<br />

BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA<br />

text, with the exception of review articles, when<br />

references should be arranged alphabetically.<br />

References in text, tables and legends should be<br />

identified by arabic numbers appearing in the text<br />

in square brackets.<br />

Use the style of references adopted by the U.S.<br />

National Library of Medicine and used in Index<br />

Medicus. The titles of journals must be given in<br />

full.<br />

The names and initials of all authors should be<br />

listed.<br />

Text references to "unpublished observations "<br />

or "personal communications" should not be<br />

included in the final list of references. Authors are<br />

responsible for verifying that the wording of<br />

references to unpublished work is approved by<br />

the persons concerned. Papers which have been<br />

submitted and accepted for publication should be<br />

included in the list, the phrase "in press"<br />

replacing volume and page number. Information<br />

from manuscripts submitted but not yet accepted<br />

should be cited in the text as unpublished<br />

observations.<br />

Examples of correct forms of references:<br />

Journals (list all authors) ;<br />

Brown B R jr, Gandolphi A J. Adverse effeas of volatile<br />

anaesthetics. British Journal of Anaesthesia 1987; 59: 14-23.<br />

Chapter in a Book:<br />

Hull C J. Opioid infusions for the management of postoperative<br />

pain. In: Smith G, Covino B G, eds. Acute Pain.<br />

London: Butterworths, 1985: 155-179.<br />

Monographs:<br />

Moore, D C. Regional Block, 4th edn. Springfield, Illinois:<br />

Charles C Thomas, 1979.<br />

Restrict references to those that have direct<br />

bearing on the work described and cite only<br />

references to books and articles published in<br />

Index Medicus journals.<br />

It is essential that authors verify the content<br />

and detail of references which they list against the<br />

original articles, as this responsibility cannot be<br />

accepted by either Editors or publishers.<br />

Tables<br />

All tables should be on separate sheets and be<br />

capable, with their captions, of interpretation<br />

without reference to the text. They should be<br />

numbered consecutively with roman numerals.<br />

Units in which results are expressed should be<br />

given in brackets at the top of each column, and<br />

not repeated on each line of the table. Ditto signs<br />

are not used. Footnotes are not used.


There is a simple solution to<br />

choosing a relaxant for all<br />

operative<br />

procedures<br />

NORCURON<br />

vecuronium bromide<br />

Six years experience with Norcuron and many anaesthetists are only<br />

beginning to appreciate the significance of this compound in terms of<br />

flexibility in use, predictability of action, wide therapeutic safety margin<br />

and minimal side effects.<br />

mromtATtom i p*»e **> *> Da* sheet tor tun<br />

Ono wcurpnium bromKM irt • butteredfreeze dnedtom,wfji* 5nUampouleo«aaonlor(hei1eaofiC*i«foe'do«a« mum Qo%a 'anqnghom 150-250rracrognra/fcflrwy beaQffMrialwill in9<br />

'rfaJJQft wai tte y>c^aawQnt hy tn u>e pt Worcufpff. In OTIW mm a*<br />

Earn* eauboo i»wuKf ta t«»«i*«). and ««v •*"•" d<br />

o t* tw eonoo«aw UN of «na«t<br />

tt tw Mai do** ana •oww p«a«* way *«« i«qv« • rugtwi deaa<br />

ahewid * powtoW fta aontOM Dafaw aduwiitaaoii ot Wororot NcMciiNwicar0ag<br />

Tr«tponaM)aoM*ava*SBlolVwnaufemu«cularblcKt(ad«c«u»«dbrNc»Cwron«<br />

: ProductLicanc*No 3524/0013<br />

^^_^_ Further information is available upon request.<br />

FWWr* • * »w Aaeaaa of tew<br />

m «I matancas Hotaaon<br />

te NHS Coalt. CfiS M pff te» of 70 • lOmg M<br />

Organon Teknika Ltd Science Park. Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 4FL<br />

NORCURON<br />

See for yourself


Xll BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA<br />

Illustrations<br />

Photographs should be unmounted glossy<br />

prints, and should be protected adequately for<br />

mailing. Surfaces should not be marred with<br />

clips, pins or by heavy writing on the back.<br />

Drawings, charts and graphs should be in black<br />

india ink on white paper and, if in sets, should be<br />

presented at a uniform magnification. Illustrations<br />

should be clearly numbered on the back, preferably<br />

in soft pencil, with reference to the text,<br />

and using arabic numerals. They should be<br />

accompanied on a separate sheet by a suitable<br />

legend. Lettering should be professional-looking,<br />

uniform, preferably in a common typeface, large<br />

enough to read at a reduced size, and in proportion<br />

to the illustrated material. Lines in the original<br />

must also be thick enough to allow for reduction.<br />

Magnifications, especially in photomicrographs,<br />

should be indicated by a scale on the photograph<br />

itself, in order to remain appropriate after<br />

reduction. Symbols which are to appear in the<br />

legend should be chosen from the following<br />

available types:<br />

• O a • v • A • o<br />

The name of the author and title of the paper<br />

should also be written in soft pencil on the back of<br />

the illustrations.<br />

It is emphasized that care taken in the original<br />

preparation of figures will obviate the time-consuming<br />

and expensive necessity of their revision.<br />

General information<br />

Instructions to the printer. Words to be printed<br />

in lower-case italics should be indicated by one<br />

underline. Two underlines indicate small capitals,<br />

three indicate large capitals and four, italic<br />

capitals. A wavy underline indicates a word to be<br />

printed in bold type.<br />

Headings in the text. Six possible grades are<br />

available, and may be indicated by the following<br />

letters of identification:<br />

A PART I (capitals)<br />

B RESULTS (small capitals)<br />

C Blood-Gas Analysis (I.e. roman)<br />

D The Action of Drugs (italics, centre)<br />

E Lung function studies (italics, full out)<br />

F Volume. Large volumes... (italics, indent)<br />

Symbols and Abbreviations. In accordance with<br />

Editorial adoption of SI Units, abbreviations and<br />

symbols should follow the conventions described<br />

in the booklet Units, Symbols and Abbreviations. A<br />

Guide for Biological and Medical Editors and<br />

Authors (ed. G. Ellis), published by and available<br />

from The Royal Society of Medicine, 1 Wimpole<br />

Street, London, W1M 8AE. Words for which<br />

abbreviations are not included should be written<br />

in full at first mention in the summary and again<br />

in the text and followed by the abbreviation in<br />

brackets. This will usually be in the form of large<br />

capitals without separating points.<br />

Spelling, etc. British spelling should be used<br />

with "z" rather than "s" spelling in, e.g.<br />

organize, organization.<br />

SHORT, RAPID COMMUNICATIONS<br />

Authors are encouraged to submit short manuscripts<br />

suitable for rapid publication. In general,<br />

these should conform to the requirements outlined<br />

above, but with the following differences:<br />

Format. Summary; Introduction (not headed);<br />

Methods and Results; Comment.<br />

Size. Not more than: 6 references, 1 table or<br />

1 figure, one-and-a-half pages of printed text<br />

(1200 words).<br />

CORRESPONDENCE<br />

It is proposed that a proportion of the Journal be<br />

devoted to correspondence each month. Every<br />

effort will be made to ensure that correspondence<br />

arising from papers in a recent issue is published<br />

without delay, and for this reason, relevant<br />

correspondence will be given priority over that<br />

pertaining to original research. Authors of correspondence<br />

concerning original work will receive<br />

proofs at the Editor's discretion.<br />

PROOFS<br />

These should be corrected and returned to the<br />

technical editor within 48 hours of receipt. Overseas<br />

contributors should return their proofs by airmail.<br />

REPRINTS<br />

Twenty-five reprints of articles will be dispatched<br />

to the authors after publication. Further reprints<br />

can be supplied if application is made on the order<br />

form attached to the proofs. The order form<br />

should be returned with the proofs.


ANNUAL MEETING<br />

CANADIAN ANAESTHETISTS' SOCIETY<br />

j Joint Meeting with the<br />

I Association of Anaesthetists<br />

of Great Britain and Ireland.<br />

OTTAWA, June 9 to June 13, 1989.<br />

Penlon<br />

SEE YOU ON OUR STAND


XIV BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA<br />

THE NORTH BRITISH PAIN ASSOCIATION<br />

1989 ST ANDREWS PAIN SYMPOSIUM<br />

NEUROSURGERY FOR CHRONIC PAIN-<br />

CURRENT TECHNIQUES AND FUTURE OPTIONS<br />

University of St Andrews June 14-16, 1989<br />

Speakers: Professor M. Bond (Glasgow)<br />

Professor E. Hitchcock (Birmingham)<br />

Mr I. Jacobson (Dundee)<br />

Dr H. J. McQuay (Oxford)<br />

Mr J. B. Miles (Liverpool)<br />

Dr B. Nashold (U.S.A.)<br />

Dr B. Sjolund (Sweden)<br />

Professor R. Tasker (Canada)<br />

Mr T. R. K. Varma (Dundee)<br />

Professor P. J. Wall (London)<br />

Further details from: Dr W. A. Macrae,<br />

Consultant Anaesthetist, Pain Clinic,<br />

Royal Infirmary,<br />

Dundee, DD1 9ND.


Until now, all CO2<br />

monitors have had<br />

some limitation...<br />

Some monitors are sensitive<br />

to moisture, others have no<br />

auto-compensation for N2O,<br />

many have no CO2 waveform<br />

or trend display, and none<br />

offer true transport capability.<br />

No longer...<br />

Now there is Normocar/<br />

200, the compact CO2<br />

monitor for the future. With<br />

no limitations.<br />

Normocap R 200<br />

solves the moisture<br />

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To ensure tliat moisture,<br />

secretions or particles never<br />

reach the gas sensor, we<br />

developed a revolutionary,<br />

new water separation system,<br />

D-fend.<br />

D-fend offers you the<br />

ultimate moisture protection:<br />

a proprietary hydrophobic<br />

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water separation.<br />

Options:<br />

Integrated, paramagnetic O2<br />

Battery for transport monitoring<br />

D-fend has been<br />

designed for long-term use,<br />

but is fully disposable whenever<br />

stringent infection<br />

control is required.<br />

In the U.K. please contart<br />

S& W Vickers, tel. 01309 0433,<br />

telex 896328 or fax 01309 0919<br />

DdTEX<br />

For people who care<br />

Datex/Instrumentarium Corp., P.O. Box 357, SF-00101 Helsinki Finland, Tel. + 3580394 n, Tx 126252 datex sf


xvi BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA<br />

BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING SOCIETY<br />

DEVELOPMENTS IN INTENSIVE CARE MONITORING<br />

London June 15, 1989<br />

To be held at the Morris Lecture Theatre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London.<br />

Secretariat: Mr D.T. Delpy,<br />

Department of Medical Physics and Bio-Engineering,<br />

University College London,<br />

1st Floor, Shropshire House,<br />

11-20 Capper Street,<br />

London WC1E 6JA.


he 9000 Syringe Pump from Ohmeda.<br />

Designed to complement today's<br />

anaesthesia workstation.<br />

Infusion anaesthesia. It's the ideal<br />

addition BJOTJ fj<br />

sa. Take your youi best shot.<br />

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To take advantage of all that IV anaesthesia<br />

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from critical care isn't enough.<br />

You need the 9000 Syringe Pump. The one<br />

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The 9000 is designed and built by Ohmeda, the<br />

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The 9000 was also developed in cooperation<br />

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muscle relaxants, analgesics, hypotensives<br />

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A smoother course in each case.<br />

With the 9000 Syringe Pump, the full dose can<br />

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During loading, the 9000 administers the<br />

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During maintenance, 0.1 mL/hr to 200 mL/hr<br />

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the wide choice of regimes encountered in<br />

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Anytime, selectable bolus delivery helps you<br />

quickly react to changing anaesthesia requirements<br />

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No need to remove a syringe from the pump.<br />

The Ohmeda 9000.<br />

Not merely an infusion<br />

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In the continuous infusion laesthesia system<br />

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Contact your Ohmeda<br />

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If • bolus is selected, the<br />

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ANAESTHESIA and<br />

INTENSIVE CARE<br />

Journal of the Australian Society of Anaesthetists<br />

Editor: J. G. Roberts; Associate Editor: Jeanette Thirlwell; Assistant Editor: A. W. Duncan;<br />

Editorial Committee: A. B. Baker, T. C. K. Brown, N. M. Cass, J. N. Ditton, D. B. Gibb, A. H.<br />

llsley, J. H. Overton, T. E. Oh, J. D. Paull, P. F. Reilly, W. R. Thompson.<br />

Anaesthesia and Intensive Care is a quarterly journal presenting articles of scientific and clinical interest in<br />

the specialities of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care Medicine and related disciplines. Frequent symposium<br />

issues, comprehensive review articles, dissertations on the history of anaesthesia and education and<br />

training in the specialities are very informative, while our correspondence section gives contributors an<br />

opportunity to express points of view. Future meetings, both Australian and International, are listed.<br />

The Journal is international in content and readership and offers very reasonable subscription rates with<br />

American Express and Visa facilities.<br />

SUBSCRIPTION FORM<br />

commencing with the current volume.<br />

NAME<br />

ADDRESS<br />

I wish to subscribe to ANAESTHESIA AND INTENSIVE CARE<br />

(BLOCK LETTERS PLEASE)<br />

COUNTRY DATE<br />

POSTCODE.<br />

• (•) PLEASE SEND BY SURFACE MAIL • (•) PLEASE SEND ME INFORMATION ON AIR MAIL RATES FOR MY<br />

REGION<br />

D(/) MY PAYMENT IS ENCLOSED •(•) PLEASE INVOICE ME WITH THE FIRST ISSUE<br />

FOR PAYMENT BY CREDIT CARD<br />

Please charge my<br />

CH Visa CH American Express<br />

Cardholder's Name<br />

Credit Card No Expiry Date<br />

Signature<br />

Annual Subscription Rates (1989 rates):<br />

• Within Australia — surface mail : Aust $48.00 back issues: $12.00<br />

— air mail : Aust $60.00 back issues: $15.00<br />

• Outside Australia—surface mail : Aust $68.00 back issues: $17.00<br />

— air mail : Rates available on request


teamwork<br />

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British Journal of Obstetrics<br />

and Gynaecology<br />

Published on behalf of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists<br />

Editor<br />

D.B. Paintin London<br />

The British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology<br />

has been published since 1902 when it began as the<br />

Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the<br />

British Empire. Regarded as the premier organ of<br />

the specialty in Britain, it publishes papers from<br />

throughout Europe and from an increasingly wide<br />

circle of international contributors. The Journal is<br />

aimed at both the practising clinician and the<br />

clinical scientist and the core content consists of<br />

reports of original work in obstetrics and<br />

gynaecology and related subjects such as human<br />

reproductive physiology and contraception.<br />

Subscription Information<br />

British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology is published monthly. Subscription rates for<br />

1989 are £62.00 (UK), £74.50 (overseas), $129.00 (USA & Canada) post free. Members and<br />

Fellows of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists are entitled to subscribe at<br />

the special price of £52.00/$88.50.<br />

Order Form<br />

Please tick the appropriate box and return to BlackweU Scientific Publications Ltd, P.O. Box 88, Oxford. England.<br />

fj] I would like to subscribe to British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology<br />

• I wish to pay by cheque/money order tdrima» m-mwyj and enclose the sum of<br />

• I wish to pay by Access/Barclaycard/VISA/Mastercard {Metros im-man-i<br />

Please debit my credit card no.<br />

Expiry date with' the sum of<br />

Signature Dale<br />

• Please send me a free specimen copy of British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology<br />

Name<br />

Address<br />

BlackweU Scientific Publications<br />

P.O. Box88, Oxford, England


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Specifications are subject to alteration without prior notice. Leve*


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Prescribing Information: isoRufane Indications: tor inhalation anaesthesia Dose ould begin al 0.5% and be adjusted appropnalely. AUtaBUbomorinUd<br />

••• • • - -- - i ">•"•- ^-- *= ^'-'- c— .-'...•-. >- .,-, u o_^ ,*5% ic^.ti.Lf^-.^ i- s rrn^i^A -,i (-;.vo*n.>nitrr>us0XKJe is Oueenboroogh Kent ME115&<br />

-. ^ion Shi^lrnc .nng recovers<br />

Basic NHS Price: L:" : serlOO". ":L*.-~t-?' '>':;'"j'-s

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