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National Seminar on Rainwater Harvesting and Water Management 11-12 Nov. 2006, Nagpur 74. Managing Water Resources - Experience at Captive Power Plant of M/s NALCO Horse and carriage, love and marriage, water and energy are as intimately linked in all phases of their existence as any other couple. Separately, water and energy have much in common. Each is an essential input for productive, comfortable and healthy human societies. Both are also derived from natural resources, and their uses by humans create a series of impacts on the sustainability of ecosystems. Together, water and energy are also closely connected, based on two fundamental truths: Energy is Required to Make Use of Water & Water is Needed to Make Use of Energy. In many places, it is clear that vicious cycle of inefficiency in the management of either water or energy resources exacerbate shortages, waste and unsustainable patterns of use in the other. In the consumption of water to generate electrical power, power plant inefficiencies or lack of mitigation measures result in wasted water and greater degradation of water and other environmental resources. NALCO, which has always stood by sustainable development, envisages water as a precious gift of nature. In the power stations of NALCO at CPP, systematic steps have been taken through ISO9000,1400 and OHSAS-18000 to preserve & conserve water by minimising wastage of water. Depending on the nature of requirement, water has been graded i.e. DM water, clarified water, ash slurry makeup water, service water etc .and the consumption is benchmarked. Stringent measures were also taken in each system to avoid leakages and wastages. The ethos thus has been to manage and optimize the utility of this precious natural resource – water. *P. K. Pattanaik **A. K. Mohapatra Introduction National Aluminum Company Limited (NALCO) is a 3.45 Million Tonne per annum aluminum producer. To produce such a huge quantity of aluminum, the power requirement is in the tune of 720 MW. The Captive Power plant, installed at Angul, Orissa has an installed capacity of 960 MW to supply uninterrupted power to smelter. For this purpose, water is taken from river The Brahmani, which is located at a distance of 11 KM. The water intake requirements for the power plant is 6900 - 7000 M 3 / Hr with 7 units running. Typical one time water requirement is as follows:- 3075 - 3100 M 3 /hr………Ash disposal to ash pond 2225- 2250 M 3 /hr………Cooling tower make up 780 - 800 M 3 /hr…………Smelter and township 445 - 450 M 3 /hr………Service water 65 - 70 M 3 /hr…………Drinking water 55 - 60 M 3 /hr…………DM water 60 - 65 M 3 /hr…………Rural Water Supply to near by village 50 - 55 M 3 / hr…………Coal yard Management quenching 145 - 150 M 3 /hr…………Transit, production & other system loss NALCO, CPP has taken initiative for reduction of water consumption and to avoid environmental pollution. For the same, comprehensive water management strategies were taken to recycle back the effluents after proper treatment for use in areas of less importance and thus reducing the requirement of raw water consumption by 44%. Total 3090 M 3 /hr water is recycled back. The *Dy General Manager ( Mech) **Chief Manager ( Mech) Captive Power plant ,National Aluminum Company limited,Angul 406
1. Ash Pond water recycling System - 80.90 % - 2500cum/hr 2. Industrial drain recycling System - 18.23 % - 560 cum/hr 3. Sewage water recycling system - 0.22 % - 8 cum/hr 4. Sludge water recycling System - 0.22 % - 7 cum/hr 5. Coal Dust Extraction Recycling System - 0.43 % - 13 cum/hr Recycling Water Transit & Other losses 145-150 cub M/hr Smelter & Township 780-820 cub M/hr Now - 3900 cub M/hr Cooling Tower Make-Up 2225-2250 cub M/hr RIVER BRAHMANI Dm Water Make-Up 55-60 cub M/hr Systems installed for this purposes and the percentage of water recycled by each system with respect to total recycled water is given below. 1. Ash Pond water Recycling System Through experience gained over the years, various concepts for ash water management have been evolved and are being applied in NALCO,CPP. The quality of effluent discharged from ash pond is controlled by multi-lagooning system, garlanding of ash pond with ash slurry discharge lines & effluents cascading before final effluent discharge etc. NALCO,CPP is consuming 672 T/hr of coal, thus generating 270 T/h ash. For transporting this amount of ash to the ash pond, installed at a distance of 7 km, 3000-3100 M 3 /hr of water is consumed. NALCO CPP has now adopted the concept of “Near Zero Effluent Discharge” wherein around 2500 M 3 / hr water is recycled back to the ash water pump house. For this purpose NALCO, CPP have installed Before - 7000 cub M/hr 407 RWSS 60 - 65 cub M/hr Drinking Water In CPP 65- 70 cub M/hr Service Water 445-450 cub M/hr Coal Yard Fire Quenching 50 – 55 cub M/hr a Pollution Control Unit at the Ash Pond. The slurry water mixture is pumped from the plant premises by ash slurry pumps to the Ash pond. The slurry is allowed to settle in the ash pond which acts as a sedimentary pond. The ash from the slurry is settled in the ash pond and the effluent overflowing from the ash pond carries some amount of suspended solids are transported by gravity to the Pollution Control Unit installed near the ash pond. The water enters the turbo circulators where alum, soda and polyelectrolyte are added to coagulate and flocculate the suspended solids, which ultimately settle in the floculator and scooped from the bottom part of the clarifloculator. The sludge generated is drawn periodically and sent back to the ash pond. Clear water overflows through the clarifloculator and goes to the treated water tank from where it is pumped out through vertical turbine recycling pumps to the ash water sump installed inside the plant @ 2500 M 3 /hr.
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National Seminar on Rainwater Harve
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once subsoil water starts draining
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The plantation process starts with
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DOLASANE , SANGAMNER RANGE I, SANGA
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Table 1. Present land use of waters
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the determination of specification
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Hydrological Parameters (mm) 140 12
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Drainage Engineering, 129(3): 184-1
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March to July, 2004 in the field si
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mm in 4 lph drip followed by 755.25
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Table 3 : Seasonal water use (mm) i
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Page 37 and 38: H eff = H R - H aq - H f ……..
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Page 45 and 46: Figure 1a. Schematic diagram of sol
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Page 57 and 58: Geology of Area The area is a part
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Page 61 and 62: Table - 3 : Salient features of the
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Page 71 and 72: Table 2 : Tolerance limit for metal
Page 73 and 74: CASE STUDY The Salem Municipality i
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these villages, the people themselv
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improve the quantity and the qualit
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The opinion of the public for the q
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in fact the base of energy in Tajik
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end of 80’s building of Roghun’
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consumption of oil on 11 times more
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change waterness charge o Vakhsh m
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are following: a) Compound of const
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for subsequent use of water for irr
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years. These beels can also be conv
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ody through water conservation and
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contribute to increased fish produc
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Figure 1 : Map of Bangladesh showin
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end uses and the intentional manage
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INTRODUCTION Indian water sector is
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ut definitely they are not substitu
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having the height greater than 50m
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ain. There is no conducive evidence
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chase food self sufficiency as a go
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REPORTB OF WORLD COMMISION ON DAMS
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