Accepted Papers - 3.pdf - UNESCO

More documents

Recommendations

Info

(1) Recharge in low = Area of the watershed (in sq Km) x Average Rainfall in meters Rainfall Year x Recharge Coefficient = 125.82 X .400 X .15 = 7.54 mcm (2) Recharge in Normal = Area of the watershed (in sq Km) x Average Rainfall in Rainfall Year Mtrs X Recharge Coefficient = 125.82 X .700 X .15 = 13.21 mcm (3) Recharge in Good = Area of the watershed (in sq Km) x Average Rainfall in Rainfall Year meters X Recharge Coefficient = 125.82 X 1.0 X .15 = 18.87 mcm Runoff Estimation Before recommending water conservation measures it is necessary to evaluate runoff potential of the watershed and it is the main input for recharging the ground water. Therefore micro watershed based run-off potential of the watershed corresponding to normal rainfall of the area. The runoff is assessed for each micro-watershed based on its geomorphic character. In a process a weighted average value for runoff coefficient has been considered, and based on that entire calculation was done. The total run-off is 8.46 mcm, (calculated for 616mm (10 years Average since 2003-04 rainfall were exceptionally high) of rainfall using Strangers Table), which is available for harnessing to meet the future demand. It is essential to arrest runoff by constructing suitable recharge structures at appropriate locations. Assessment of water availability Situation Since the project is aimed at preparation of action plan for rain water harvesting and artificial recharge it is eminent to assess the water requirement visa vis water availability to identify the priority areas for implementation. Considering this the drinking water requirement for human and cattle population, based on projected population of 2011 and also water requirement for irrigation has been assessed and the findings of the same are as under. 390 Water Requirement A] Drinking Water The total drinking water requirement of the watershed as per 2011 population has been worked out where in it is observed that the water requirement is 0.713 mcm for a population of 19818 souls and drinking water demand for cattle is 0.356 mcm (considering 50% of the human requirement) The total drinking water requirement is 1.069 mcm B] Irrigation The area is predominantly rice growing, which is a rainfed and grown in Kharif season, however, with the availability of power supply the farmers are inclined to raise double crop as a result rice is also grown in Rabi and summer through irrigation dug wells and bore wells. The land Use statistics of the area indicates that the area under Rabi and summer cultivation is around 136 ha. Considering the above figures the water requirement for irrigation would be @ 0.010 mcm per hectare i.e.1.36 mcm. The demand for irrigation is also expected to go higher as currently only 1.08% of the cultivable land is under irrigation. The expected future irrigated area would be around 10% of the cultivable land. Considering this the future demand for irrigation would be 6.22 mcm. Thus, the total future water demand of the watershed would be 7.28 mcm. Result and Discussion In view of the above situation, the drainage lines have been thoroughly explored in which, it is observed that the 1 st and 2 nd order streams are very shallow and have been explored for paddy cultivation leaving no scope for construction of any structure. However, 3 rd and 4 th orders of the streams were found to be suitable for construction of water harvesting structures. To this, at favorable locations Masonry Stop Dams, Boulder Check Dams, Desiltation tanks, Rooftop Rain water harvesting structures, Sub-Surface Dykes and Percolation Tank have been suggested. Refer Map 2.1 Considering the local needs only maintenance free permanent structures have been suggested. The detailed engineering design and cost estimates have been prepared for each site. Based on this following structures have been suggested at appropriate locations.
Table - 3 : Salient features of the recommended structures No Type of Structure/Practice Total Structures Total Cost Estimated Storage (in Lac. Rupees) (in mcm) 1 Boulder Check Dam cum 04 15.24 0.06 2 Masonry Stop Dam 02 68.13 0.06 3. Sub Surface Dykes 04 12.18 0.048 4. Desiltation of Tanks 04 0.78 0.002 5. Roof Top Structures 01 0.18 — 6. Percolation Tank 01 0.015 7 Silt Traps 02 — Total 18 104.02 0.185 Thus, in all 07 different types of structures have been suggested and the estimated cost of these structures in Rs.1.05 Crore The cost will ensure an additional surface storage of 0.185 mcm, over and above recharge through existing tank (1.06 mcm) will be added. Thus total water availability will be 1.24 mcm. Map-3 : Final Structure Map of Naini Watershed 391
Page 1 and 2:
National Seminar on Rainwater Harve
Page 3 and 4:
once subsoil water starts draining
Page 5 and 6:
The plantation process starts with
Page 7 and 8:
DOLASANE , SANGAMNER RANGE I, SANGA
Page 9 and 10: National Seminar on Rainwater Harve
Page 11 and 12: Table 1. Present land use of waters
Page 13 and 14: the determination of specification
Page 15 and 16: Hydrological Parameters (mm) 140 12
Page 17 and 18: Drainage Engineering, 129(3): 184-1
Page 19 and 20: March to July, 2004 in the field si
Page 21 and 22: mm in 4 lph drip followed by 755.25
Page 23 and 24: Table 3 : Seasonal water use (mm) i
Page 27 and 28: pinnata) Aquatic plants are represe
Page 29 and 30: the base of the trench to assist dr
Page 31 and 32: SUDS (Sustainable Drainage Systems)
Page 33 and 34: Figure 3 : Cascade model of constru
Page 37 and 38: H eff = H R - H aq - H f ……..
Page 39 and 40: • Layers of gravel/media laid hor
Page 43 and 44: 1.3 % annually, and the total energ
Page 45 and 46: Figure 1a. Schematic diagram of sol
Page 47 and 48: Figure 5. Cross-section of partitio
Page 51 and 52: Fig. 1 (a) - (d) : Water Level Soun
Page 53 and 54: farms and industries hope to get ad
Page 57 and 58: Geology of Area The area is a part
Page 59: ground water recharge, which includ
Page 69 and 70: eing 6.08, pH value of AB 3 and AB
Page 71 and 72: Table 2 : Tolerance limit for metal
Page 73 and 74: CASE STUDY The Salem Municipality i
Page 75 and 76: After analyzing the characteristic
Page 77 and 78: 1. Ash Pond water recycling System
Page 79 and 80: Poly Electrolyte Dosing RAIN WATER
Page 81 and 82: Canteen Waste Garbo-drain Bar Scree
Page 83 and 84: SERVICE WATER FOR SPAYING COAL CRUS
Page 85 and 86: In coastal areas of Gujarat, the vi
Page 87 and 88: Water diversion Channel The work fo
Page 89 and 90: 04. Natural Water harvesting at Sol
Page 91 and 92: Work Done Storage No. of Area No. o
Page 93 and 94: Conclusions The process of rainwate
Page 95 and 96: Infact, these are ‘lessons’ tha
Page 97 and 98: we get our act together and make wa
Page 101 and 102: and weathering also control the wat
Page 103 and 104: One relatively easy means of storin
Page 105 and 106: Ground Water Conservation Technique
Page 107 and 108: anging from 37-60% of recommended d
Page 109 and 110: given priority before implementatio
Page 111 and 112:
was having potential to irrigate 15
Page 113 and 114:
water, use of improved seed and bal
Page 115 and 116:
the result of the success they have
Page 117 and 118:
Page 119 and 120:
un off from one hill and conveying
Page 121 and 122:
harvest will certainly solve the wa
Page 123 and 124:
If the rain precipitation in a vill
Page 125 and 126:
echarging , A study of world wide f
Page 127 and 128:
Page 129 and 130:
these villages, the people themselv
Page 131 and 132:
improve the quantity and the qualit
Page 133 and 134:
The opinion of the public for the q
Page 135 and 136:
in fact the base of energy in Tajik
Page 137 and 138:
end of 80’s building of Roghun’
Page 139 and 140:
consumption of oil on 11 times more
Page 141 and 142:
change waterness charge o Vakhsh m
Page 143 and 144:
are following: a) Compound of const
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
for subsequent use of water for irr
Page 149 and 150:
years. These beels can also be conv
Page 151 and 152:
ody through water conservation and
Page 153 and 154:
contribute to increased fish produc
Page 155 and 156:
Figure 1 : Map of Bangladesh showin
Page 157 and 158:
end uses and the intentional manage
Page 159 and 160:
INTRODUCTION Indian water sector is
Page 161 and 162:
ut definitely they are not substitu
Page 163 and 164:
having the height greater than 50m
Page 165 and 166:
ain. There is no conducive evidence
Page 167 and 168:
chase food self sufficiency as a go
Page 169 and 170:
REPORTB OF WORLD COMMISION ON DAMS
show all

Accepted Papers - 3.pdf - UNESCO

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?