Accepted Papers - 3.pdf - UNESCO

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Pervious surface A surface that allows inflow of rainwater into the underlying construction or soil. Piped system Conduits generally located below ground to conduct water to a suitable location for treatment and/or disposal. Pollution A change in the physical, chemical, radiological or biological quality of a resource (air, water or land) caused by man or man’s activities that is injurious to existing, intended or potential uses of the resource. Pond Permanently wet basin designed to retain stormwater and permit settlement of suspended solids and biological removal of pollutants. Porous paving A permeable surface allowing the passage of water through voids within, rather than between, the paving blocks/slabs. Porous surface A surface that infiltrates water to the sub-base across the entire surface of the material forming the surface, for example grass and gravel surfaces, porous concrete and porous asphalt. Prevention Site design and management to stop or reduce the occurrence of pollution and to reduce the volume of runoff by reducing impermeable areas. Public sewer A sewer that is vested in and maintained by a sewerage undertaker. Rainwater harvesting or rainwater use system A system that collects rainwater from where it falls rather than allowing it to drain away. It includes water that is collected within the boundaries of a property, from roofs and surrounding surfaces. Recurrence interval The average time between runoff events that have a certain flow rate, e.g. a flow of 2 m/s might have a recurrence interval of two years in a particular catchment. Retention pond A pond where runoff is detained (e.g. for several days) to allow settlement and biological treatment of some pollutants. Runoff Water flow over the ground surface to the drainage 360 system. This occurs if the ground is impermeable, is saturated or if rainfall is particularly intense. Separate sewer A sewer for surface water or foul sewage, but not a combination of both. Sewer A pipe or channel taking domestic foul and/or surface water from buildings and associated paths and hardstandings from two or more curtilages and having a proper outfall. Sewerage undertaker This is a collective term relating to the statutory undertaking of water companies that are responsible for sewerage and sewage disposal including surface water from roofs and yards of premises. Sewers for Adoption A guide agreed between sewerage undertakers and developers (through the House Builders Federation) specifying the standards to which private sewers need to be constructed to facilitate adoption. Site and regional controls Manage runoff drained fro several sub-catchments. The controls deal with runoff on a catchment scale rather than at source. Soil Soil Index Value obtained from the WRAP soil classification, used in the Wallingford Procedure to calculate the treatment volume. Source control The control of runoff or pollution at or near its source. STORM A computer model based on equations used in the California Stormwater Best Management Practice Handbook. Used to assess detention basin performance. Sub-base A layer of material on the sub-grade that provides a foundation for a pavement surface. Sub-catchment A division of a catchment, allowing runoff management as near to the source as is reasonable. Sub-grade The surface of an excavation prepared to support a pavement. Subsidiarity The principle that an issue should be managed as close as is reasonable to its source.
SUDS (Sustainable Drainage Systems) Sustainable drainage systems or sustainable (urban) drainage systems: a sequence of management practices and control structures designed to drain surface water in a more sustainable fashion than some conventional techniques (may also be referred to as SuDS). Surface water management The management of runoff in stages as it drains from a site. Suspended solids Undissolved particles in a liquid. Swale A shallow vegetated channel designed to conduct and retain water, but may also permit infiltration; the vegetation filters particulate matter. Treatment Improving the quality of water by physical, chemical and/or biological means. Treatment volume The volume of surface runoff containing the most polluted portion of the flow from a rainfall event. Watercourse A term including all rivers, streams ditches drains cuts culverts dykes sluices and passages through which water flows. WRAP (Winter Rain Acceptance Potential) Classification used to calculate the permeability of soils and the percentage run-off from a particular area. Wet Containing water under dry weather conditions. Wetland A pond that has a high proportion of emergent vegetation in relation to open water. REFERENCES APHA. American Public Health Association. (1998). Standard methods for estimation of water and wastewater. 20 ed. Ed: Eaton, D. D., Clesceri, L. S. and Greenberg, A. E. Washington D.C. 361 KADLEC, R.H. and KNIGHT, R.L. (Eds.) (1996) Treatment Wetlands. Lewis Publishers,Boca Raton. 893p. KADLEC, R.H., 1995. Overview: Surface flow constructed wetlands. Water Science and Technology 32 (3), 1–12. KYAMBADDE, J., KANSIIME, F., GUMAELIUS, L. AND DALHAMMAR, G. (2004). A comparative study of Cyperus papyrus and Miscanthidium violaceum-based constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment in a tropical country. Water Research 38: 475-485. LIENARD, A., DUCHENE, P. and GORINI, D. (1995) A study of activated sludgedewatering in experimental reed-planted or unplanted sludge drying beds. Wat. Sci. Techn. 32, 251-261. LIN, Y.-F., JING, S.-R., LEE, D.-Y. AND WANG, T.-W. (2002). Nutrient removal from aquaculture wastewater using a constructed wetlands system. Aquaculture 209: 169-184. MUNGUR, A.S., SHUTES, R.B.E., REVITT, D.M. and HOUSE, M.A. (1995) Anassessment of metal removal from highway runoff by a natural wetland. Wat. Sci.Tech., 32, 169-175. 14 OKURUT, T. O., RIJS, G. B. J., AND VAN BRUGGEN, J. J. A. (1999). Design and performance of experimental constructed wetlands in Unganda, planted with Cyperus papyrus and Phragmites mauritianus. Water Science and Technology 40 (3): 265-271. SOBOLEWSKI, A., 1999. A review of processes responsible for metal removal in wetlands treating contaminated mine drainage. International Journal of Phytoremediation 1 (1), 19–51. WILLIAMS, J.B, 2002. Phytoremediation in wetland ecosystems: progress, problems, and potential. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 21 (6), 607–635. WOOD, B., MCATAMNEY, C., 1994. The use of macrophytes in bioremediation. Biotechnology Advances 12, 653–662. WOULDS, C., NGWENYA, B.T., 2004. Geochemical processes governing the performance of a constructed wetland treating acid mine drainage, Central Scotland. Applied Geochemistry 19 (11), 1773–1783. YE, Z.H., WHITING, S.N., QIAN, J.H., LYTLE, C.M., LIN, Z.Q., TERRY, N., 2001. Wetlands and aquatic processes, trace elements removal from coal ash leachate by a 10 year old constructed wetland. Journal of Environmental Quality 30, 1710–1719.
Page 1 and 2: National Seminar on Rainwater Harve
Page 3 and 4: once subsoil water starts draining
Page 5 and 6: The plantation process starts with
Page 7 and 8: DOLASANE , SANGAMNER RANGE I, SANGA
Page 11 and 12: Table 1. Present land use of waters
Page 13 and 14: the determination of specification
Page 15 and 16: Hydrological Parameters (mm) 140 12
Page 17 and 18: Drainage Engineering, 129(3): 184-1
Page 19 and 20: March to July, 2004 in the field si
Page 21 and 22: mm in 4 lph drip followed by 755.25
Page 23 and 24: Table 3 : Seasonal water use (mm) i
Page 27 and 28: pinnata) Aquatic plants are represe
Page 29: the base of the trench to assist dr
Page 33 and 34: Figure 3 : Cascade model of constru
Page 37 and 38: H eff = H R - H aq - H f ……..
Page 39 and 40: • Layers of gravel/media laid hor
Page 43 and 44: 1.3 % annually, and the total energ
Page 45 and 46: Figure 1a. Schematic diagram of sol
Page 47 and 48: Figure 5. Cross-section of partitio
Page 51 and 52: Fig. 1 (a) - (d) : Water Level Soun
Page 53 and 54: farms and industries hope to get ad
Page 57 and 58: Geology of Area The area is a part
Page 59 and 60: ground water recharge, which includ
Page 61 and 62: Table - 3 : Salient features of the
Page 69 and 70: eing 6.08, pH value of AB 3 and AB
Page 71 and 72: Table 2 : Tolerance limit for metal
Page 73 and 74: CASE STUDY The Salem Municipality i
Page 75 and 76: After analyzing the characteristic
Page 77 and 78: 1. Ash Pond water recycling System
Page 79 and 80: Poly Electrolyte Dosing RAIN WATER
Page 81 and 82:
Canteen Waste Garbo-drain Bar Scree
Page 83 and 84:
SERVICE WATER FOR SPAYING COAL CRUS
Page 85 and 86:
In coastal areas of Gujarat, the vi
Page 87 and 88:
Water diversion Channel The work fo
Page 89 and 90:
04. Natural Water harvesting at Sol
Page 91 and 92:
Work Done Storage No. of Area No. o
Page 93 and 94:
Conclusions The process of rainwate
Page 95 and 96:
Infact, these are ‘lessons’ tha
Page 97 and 98:
we get our act together and make wa
Page 99 and 100:
National Seminar on Rainwater Harve
Page 101 and 102:
and weathering also control the wat
Page 103 and 104:
One relatively easy means of storin
Page 105 and 106:
Ground Water Conservation Technique
Page 107 and 108:
anging from 37-60% of recommended d
Page 109 and 110:
given priority before implementatio
Page 111 and 112:
was having potential to irrigate 15
Page 113 and 114:
water, use of improved seed and bal
Page 115 and 116:
the result of the success they have
Page 117 and 118:
Page 119 and 120:
un off from one hill and conveying
Page 121 and 122:
harvest will certainly solve the wa
Page 123 and 124:
If the rain precipitation in a vill
Page 125 and 126:
echarging , A study of world wide f
Page 127 and 128:
Page 129 and 130:
these villages, the people themselv
Page 131 and 132:
improve the quantity and the qualit
Page 133 and 134:
The opinion of the public for the q
Page 135 and 136:
in fact the base of energy in Tajik
Page 137 and 138:
end of 80’s building of Roghun’
Page 139 and 140:
consumption of oil on 11 times more
Page 141 and 142:
change waterness charge o Vakhsh m
Page 143 and 144:
are following: a) Compound of const
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
for subsequent use of water for irr
Page 149 and 150:
years. These beels can also be conv
Page 151 and 152:
ody through water conservation and
Page 153 and 154:
contribute to increased fish produc
Page 155 and 156:
Figure 1 : Map of Bangladesh showin
Page 157 and 158:
end uses and the intentional manage
Page 159 and 160:
INTRODUCTION Indian water sector is
Page 161 and 162:
ut definitely they are not substitu
Page 163 and 164:
having the height greater than 50m
Page 165 and 166:
ain. There is no conducive evidence
Page 167 and 168:
chase food self sufficiency as a go
Page 169 and 170:
REPORTB OF WORLD COMMISION ON DAMS
show all

Accepted Papers - 3.pdf - UNESCO

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?