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Accepted Papers - 3.pdf - UNESCO

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Table 5. Monthly reference<br />

evapotranspiration (E T 0 ).<br />

Month ET0 (mm/d)<br />

Month ET0 (mm/d)<br />

January 1.37 July 3.92<br />

February 1.86 August 2.62<br />

March 3.09 September 2.84<br />

April 3.98 October 3.37<br />

May 4.85 November 2.01<br />

June 4.42 December 1.53<br />

Design of Water Harvesting System for Henwal<br />

Watershed<br />

The geometrical relationships and classical<br />

optimization techniques with an objective function<br />

of maximizing the storage capacity of the pond,<br />

satisfying the given constraints that the volume of<br />

excavated earth equals the volume of fill required<br />

for embankment were used for design of pond.<br />

Pond design and regression analysis<br />

The relationships of bed width (X), vs<br />

storage capacity (V SC ), and bed width vs height of<br />

embankment (H), were established for c = 1 (square<br />

pond) and Z = 1 :1.5 for medium soil fitting to<br />

polynomial and Weebull equations, respectively.<br />

The relationship of bed width (X) Vs storage<br />

capacity (V sc ) as as follows:<br />

The relationship of height of embankment<br />

versus bed width may be written as<br />

Pond design and cost estimates based on runoff<br />

recycle<br />

The pond was designed for a catchment<br />

area of 351 ha and command area of 315 ha. The<br />

bottom length, top length and height was 2.5, 16.6<br />

and 3 m, respectively. The pond had a storage<br />

capacity of 5027.4 m 3 , the total cost (excavation<br />

cost, LDPE sheet and stone pitching) of pond was<br />

estimated to be Rs. 146689.125 and the cost per<br />

m 3 of stored water comes to be Rs. 29/m 3 .<br />

REFERENCES<br />

• Agnihotri, Y. and Ram Murti, 2001.<br />

Relationship between onset of monsoon with<br />

sowing weeks and monthly seasonal rainfall at<br />

346<br />

Chandigarh. Journal of Indian Water Resources<br />

Society, 21(2) : 60-64.<br />

• Ahmed, F.A., 2004. Optimal design of water<br />

harvesting ponds and water use planning model<br />

for upper basin of Awah river in Ethiopia.<br />

Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, G.B. Pant University<br />

of Agriculture and Technology, Uttaranchal, pp.<br />

62-74.<br />

• Arnold, J.G. and Stockle, C.O., 1991.<br />

Simulation of supplemental irrigation from farm<br />

ponds. Jl. of Agric. Engg., ASCE, 117(3): 408-<br />

424.<br />

• Babu, R. and Mishra, P., 2001. Farm pond in<br />

coastal saline zone of West Bengal: A technoeconomic<br />

feasibility study. Jl. of Agril. Engg.,<br />

38(4) : 17-22.<br />

• Bahuguna, S., 1990. Himalayan Tragedy<br />

(Chapter 48 of Himalaya: Environment,<br />

Resources and Development), ed. by Sah et al.,<br />

Shree Almora Book Depot, Almora.<br />

• Bhati, T.K., R.K. Goyal and H.S. Daulay, 1997.<br />

Development of dry land agriculture on<br />

watershed basis in hot arid tropics of India – A<br />

case study. Annals of Arid Zone, 36(2) : 115-<br />

121.<br />

• Carriere, P.; Mohaghegh, S. and Gaskar, R.,<br />

1997. Performance of a virtual runoff<br />

hydrograph system. Jl. of Water Resources<br />

Planning and Management, 122(6): 421-427.<br />

• Dube, S., R.K. Mehta and G.Das, 1991.<br />

Development of curve numbers for prevalent<br />

land use in Himalayan watersheds. Jl. Agril.<br />

Engg., Special issue : 176-179.<br />

• Frasier, G.W., 1994. Water harvesting/runoff<br />

farming systems for agricultural production. In:<br />

proceedings of the FAO Expert Consultation.<br />

Water harvesting for improved agricultural<br />

production. Cairo, Egypt, 21-25 November,<br />

1993, FAO, Rome, pp 57-71.<br />

• Garg, S.K., 2001. Irrigation Engineering and<br />

Hydraulic Structures. Khanna Publishers, New<br />

Delhi.<br />

• Grewal, S. S.; Mittal, S. P.; Agnihotri,Y. and<br />

Dubey, L. N., 1989. Rain water harvesting for<br />

the management of agricultural drought in the<br />

foothill of northern India. Agricultural Water<br />

Management, 16 : 309-322.<br />

• Gyasi-agyel, Y., 2003. Pond water source for<br />

irrigation on steep slopes. Jl. of Irrigation and

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