THE SHE KING; OR, THE BOOK OF ANCIENT POETRY

More documents

Recommendations

Info

BOOK III. THE ODES OP P'EI IT. V. VI. VII. Till. IX. X. XI. XII. XIII. XIV. XT. I. DECADE OP LUH MIKO II. III. IT. T. VI. Til. Till. I. DECADE OP KIKO WAN II. III. YUNG . . WEI CONTENTS. .. THE ROYAL DOMAIN CH'lNO TS'E WEI T'AKO . . TB'IN .. CH'IN . . KWEI TS'AOU PIN PART II. MINOR ODES OF THE KINGDOM. .. PIH HWA .. T'UKG KUNG . . K'E-FOO .. SEAOU MIN .. PIH SHAN .. SAKO HOO .. TOO JIN 8ZE .. PART III. GREATER ODES OF THE KINGDOM .. SHANO MIN .. TANG 19 10 10 10 21 11 7 12 10 10 4 4 7 PART IV. ODES OF THE TEMPLE AND THE ALTAR. I. SACRIFICIAL ODES OP CHOW II. in. I. ii. SECTION I. DECADE OP TS'lNO MEAOU II. .. .. SHIN KUNG III. .. .. MIN YU SEAOU TSZE PRAISE-ODES OP LOO .. .. .. SACRIFICIAL ODES OP SHANO INDEX OP SUBJECTS .. PROPER NAMES INDEXES. . , . . . , . . . . , , 11 f f .. 11 4 5 .. PACE 76 93 102 111 1]9 132 140 147 157 167 173 176 180 189 203 208 219 232 247 261 274 284 302 321 350 350 357 364 373 384 392 428 PBOLEGOMEM. CHAPTER I. THE EARLY HISTORY AND THE PRESENT TEXT OF THE BOOK OF POETRY. SECTION I. THE BOOK BEFORE CONFUCIUS ; AND WHAT, IF ANT, WEEK HIS LABOCES UPON IT. 1. SZE-MA Ts'een, in his memoir of Confucius, says : " The old poems amounted to more than 3000. Confu cius removed those which were only repetitions of others, and selected those which would be serviceable statements of for the inculcation of propriety and righteous- Chinese scholars. ness. Ascending as high as Seeh and How-tseih, and descending through the prosperous eras of Yin and Chow to the times of decadence under kings Yew and Le, he selected in all 305 pieces, which he sang over to his lute, to bring them into accordance with the musical style of the Shaou, the Woo, the Ya, and the Sung." This is the first notice which we have of any compilation of the ancient poems by Confucius, and from it mainly are derived all the subsequent statements on the subject. In the History of the Classical Books in the Records of the Suy dynasty (A.D. 589 618), it is said : " When I odes ceased to be made and collected, Che, the Grand music-master of Loo, arranged in order those which were existing, and made a copy of them. Then Confucius expurgated them ; and going up to the Shang dynasty, and coming down to the State of Loo, he compiled alto- I gether 300 pieces." VOL. III. ' 1
2 THE EAELY HISTORY OF THE SHE. Gpw-yang Sew (A.D. 1006 1071) endeavours to state particularly what the work of expurgation performed by Confucius was. "Not only," says he, "did the sage reject whole poems, but from others he rejected one or more stanzas; from stanzas he rejected one or more lines; and from lines he rejected one or more characters." Choo He (A.D. 1130 1200), whose own classical Work on the Book of Poetry appeared in A.D. 1178, declined to express himself positively on the question of the expurg ation of the odes, but summed up his view of what Coii- fucius did for them in the following words : " Poems had ceased to be made and collected, and those which were extant were full of errors and wanting in arrangement. When Confucius returned from Wei to Loo, he brought with him the odes which he had gotten in other States, and digested them, along with those which were to be found in Loo, into a collection of 300 pieces." I have not been able to find evidence sustaining these representations, and propose uow to submit to the reader These state- ^IG considerations" which prevent me from ments not sup- concurring in them, and have brought me denc the-rie of the author. to the conclusions that, before the birth of Confucius, the Book of Poetry existed sub stantially the same as it was at his death, and that, while he may have somewhat altered the arrangement of its Books and odes, the principal service which he rendered to it was not that of compilation, but the impulse to the study of it which he communicated to his disciples. The discrepancy in the number of the odes as given in the above statements will be touched on in a note. 2. If we place Ts'een's composition of the memoir ol Confucius in B.C. 100, nearly four hundred years will thus have elapsed between the death of the sage and any The ground- statement to the effect that he expurgated a ai»verepresetnte- previous collection of poems, or compiled ations. that which we now have, consisting of a few over 300 pieces; and no writer in the interval, so far as we know, had affirmed or implied any such facts. But inde pendently of this consideration, there is ample evidence to prove, first, that the poems current before Confucius were not by any means so numerous as Sze-ma Ts'een says, and, secondly, that the collection of 300 pieces or thereabouts, THE SHE BEFORE CONFUCIUS. O digested under the same divisions as in the present Classic, existed before the sage's time. 3 H 1 It would not be surprising, if, floating about and current among the people of China, in the 6th century before Christ, there had been even more than ^£££%£ 3000 pieces of poetry. The marvel is that cms. such was not the case. But in the "Narratives of the States," a Work attributed by some to Tso K'ew-ming, 1 there occur quotations from 31 poems, made by statesmen and others, all anterior to Confucius; and of those poems it cannot be pleaded that more than two are not in the present Classic, while of those two one is an ode of it quoted under another name. Further, in the Tso Chuen, certainly the work of Tso K'ew-ming, and a most valuable supplement to Confucius' own Work of the Ch'un Ts'ew, we have quotations from not fewer than 219 poems; and of these only thirteen are not found in the Classic. Thus of 250 poems current in China before the supposed compila tion of the Book of Poetry, 286 are found in it, and only 14 are absent. To use the words of Chaou Yih, a scholar of the present dynasty, of the period K'een-lung (A.D. 1736 1795), "If the poems existing in Confucius' time had been more than 3000, the quotations found in these two Books of poems now lost should have been ten times as numerous as the quotations from the 305 pieces said to have been preserved by him, whereas they are only be tween a twenty-first and twenty-second part of those from the existing pieces. This is sufficient to show that Ts'eon's statement i s not worthy of credit." I have made the widest possible induction from all existing Records in which there are quotations of poems made anterior to Confucius, and the conclusion to which I have been brought is altogether confirmatory of that deduced from the Works of Tso K'ew-ming. If Confucius did make any compilation of poems, he had no such work of rejection and expurgation to do as is commonly imagined. [ii.] But I believe myself that he did no work at all to which the name of compilation can properly be applied, but simply adopted an existing collection of poems con sisting of 305, or at most of 311 pieces. Of the ex- 1 Wylie's Notes on Chinese Literature, p. 6. Tso K'evv-ming was not far removed from the era of Confucius. 1*
Page 1 and 2: THE SHE KING; OE, THE BOOK OF ANCIE
Page 3: IV PREFACE. To another gentleman he
Page 7 and 8: 6 THE EARLY HISTORY OF THE SHE. 4.
Page 9 and 10: 10 THE SHE AFTEE CONFUCIUS. THE TEX
Page 11 and 12: 14 THE SOURCES OF THE ODES AS A COL
Page 13 and 14: 18 THE SOURCES OF THE ODES AS A COL
Page 15 and 16: If 1 22 THE PEEFACE TO THE SHE. THE
Page 17 and 18: i f f 26 CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF THE
Page 19 and 20: so CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF THE ODES.
Page 21 and 22: I '.I i! f> I THEIR POETICAL VALUE.
Page 23 and 24: \ '38 PECULIARITIES IN THEIK STRUCT
Page 25 and 26: 42 THE CHINA OF THE BOOK OP POETET.
Page 27 and 28: 46 THE CHINA OF THE BOOK OF POETEY.
Page 29 and 30: 50 THE CHINA OP THE BOOK OP POETRY.
Page 31 and 32: 54 THE CHINA OF THE BOOK OF POETET.
Page 33 and 34: * THE BOOK OF POETEY. PAET I. LESSO
Page 35 and 36: 62 THE BOOK OP POETRY. [PART I. 13K
Page 37 and 38: II 66 THE BOOK OF POETEY. [PART I.
Page 39 and 40: 70 THE BOOK OF POETET. I. The Kan f
Page 41 and 42: 74' THE BOOK OF FOETEY. To be with
Page 43 and 44: 78 THE BOOK OP POETEY II. [PAET I.
Page 45 and 46: 82 THE BOOK OF POETEY. [PART I. 83
Page 47 and 48: THE BOOK OF POETEY. [_tfj I laboure
Page 49 and 50: 90 THE B.OOK OP POETET. [PAET I. Th
Page 51 and 52: THE BOOK OF POETEY. [PART I. Till d
Page 53 and 54: i 98 THE BOOK OF POETET. VII. [PAET
Page 55 and 56:
102 THE BOOK OF POETEY. [PART I. EK
Page 57 and 58:
\ 106 THE BOOK OP POETEY. [PART I.
Page 59 and 60:
110 THE BOOK OF POETRY. [PART I. 3
Page 61 and 62:
114 THE BOOK OP POETKY. [PAKT I. 1
Page 63 and 64:
118 THE BOOK OF POETET. [PART I. If
Page 65 and 66:
f I 122 THE BOOK OF POETET. [PART I
Page 67 and 68:
126 THE BOOK OF POETRY. [PART I. An
Page 69 and 70:
130 THE BOOK OP POETET. [PART I. Pe
Page 71 and 72:
1-31 TEE BOOK OF POETEY. [PAET I. 2
Page 73 and 74:
138 THE BOOK OF POETET. [PAET I. An
Page 75 and 76:
142 THE BOOK OP POETRY. [PART I. "
Page 77 and 78:
i 146 THE BOOK OF POETRY. [PART I.
Page 79 and 80:
150 THE BOOK OP POETRY. [PAET I. 2
Page 81 and 82:
154 THE BOOK OF POETKY. [?AKT I. XI
Page 83 and 84:
158 THE BOOK OF POETRY. [PART I. 2
Page 85 and 86:
162 THE BOOK OF POETEY. [PAET I. du
Page 87 and 88:
166 THE BOOK OF POETRY. [PART I. Th
Page 89 and 90:
170 THE BOOK OF POETRY. [PART I. Li
Page 91 and 92:
174 THE BOOK OF POETRVT. IL [PART I
Page 93 and 94:
\! 178 THE BOOK OF POETET. [PART I.
Page 95 and 96:
182 THE BOOK OF POETET. [PAKT I. An
Page 97 and 98:
186 THE BOOK OF POETET. [PAET I. XV
Page 99 and 100:
\\ 190 THE BOOK OP POETRY. [PART II
Page 101 and 102:
! 194 THE BOOK OF POETEY. [PART H.
Page 103 and 104:
198 THE BOOK OF POETEY. [PART II. 1
Page 105 and 106:
•202 THE BOOK OF POETRY. [PAET II
Page 107 and 108:
206 THE BOOK OF POETET. [PART II. B
Page 109 and 110:
11 210 THE BOOK OF FOETEY. [PAET II
Page 111 and 112:
214 THE BOOK OP POETEY. [PAET II. S
Page 113 and 114:
218 THE BOOK OF POETRY. [PART II. H
Page 115 and 116:
222 THE BOOK OF POETET. [PAET II. T
Page 117 and 118:
226 THE BOOK OF POETET. [PAET II. 1
Page 119 and 120:
II \ 230 THE BOOK OP POETET. [PART
Page 121 and 122:
(I Lj 234 THE BOOK OF POETEY. [PART
Page 123 and 124:
238 THE BOOK OF POETEY. [PAET II. B
Page 125 and 126:
It 242 THE BOOK OF POETKY. [PART II
Page 127 and 128:
246 THE BOOK OP POETET. Out of reac
Page 129 and 130:
250 THE BOOK OF FOETEY. [PART II. F
Page 131 and 132:
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
262 THE BOOK OF POETRY. [PAET II. I
Page 137 and 138:
2G6 THE BOOK OF POETET. [PAET II. s
Page 139 and 140:
270 THE BOOK OF POETEY. [PART II. T
Page 141 and 142:
274 THE BOOK OF POETRY. [PAKT II. B
Page 143 and 144:
278 THE BOOK OF POETEY. V. [PAET II
Page 145 and 146:
282 THE BOOK OF POETEY. [PART II. 2
Page 147 and 148:
286 THE BOOK OP POETRY. [PART III/
Page 149 and 150:
290 THE BOOK OF POETET. [PAET III.
Page 151 and 152:
294 THE BOOK OF POETET. [PART HI. I
Page 153 and 154:
298 THE BOOK OF POETKY. [PART III.
Page 155 and 156:
302 THE BOOK OP POETRY. [PAET III.
Page 157 and 158:
306 THE BOOK OF POETRY. III. The be
Page 159 and 160:
310 THE BOOK OF POETET. [PAET III.
Page 161 and 162:
314 THE BOOK OF POETET. [PART III.
Page 163 and 164:
I.) 318 THE BOOK OF POETEY. [PAET I
Page 165 and 166:
322 THE BOOK OF POETRY. [PART III,
Page 167 and 168:
326 THE BOOK OP POETRY. [PART III.
Page 169 and 170:
330 THE BOOK OP POETRY. [PART III.
Page 171 and 172:
334 THE BOOK OF POETBT. [PART III.
Page 173 and 174:
338 THE BOOK OF POETKY. [PART IIL 5
Page 175 and 176:
342 THE BOOK OP POETET. [PAET III."
Page 177 and 178:
346 THE BOOK OP POETET. [PAET III.
Page 179 and 180:
THE BOOK OF POETEY. PAET IV. ODES O
Page 181 and 182:
354 THE BOOK Or POETKY. [PAET IY. V
Page 183 and 184:
358 THE BOOK OF POETEY. [PART IV. L
Page 185 and 186:
362 THE BOOK OF POETEY. [PAET IV. C
Page 187 and 188:
366 THE BOOK OF POETRY. [PAET IV. H
Page 189 and 190:
370 THE BOOK OF POETET. [PAET IV. T
Page 191 and 192:
371 THE BOOK OF POETEY. [PART IV. b
Page 193 and 194:
378 THE BOOK OF POETEY. [PAET IV. T
Page 195 and 196:
382 THE BOOK OF POETET. [PART IV. B
Page 197 and 198:
386 THE BOOK OP POETET. [PAET IV. I
Page 199 and 200:
390 THE BOOK OF POETRY. V. [PART IV
Page 201 and 202:
394 OF SUBJECTS. INDEX I. INDEX I.
Page 203 and 204:
398 OF SUBJECTS. INDEX I. Conjuncti
Page 205 and 206:
402 OF SUBJECTS. INDEX I. Families,
Page 207 and 208:
406 OF SUBJECTS. INDEX I. Handkerch
Page 209 and 210:
410 OF SUBJECTS. INDEX I. iv. V. 8;
Page 211 and 212:
'414 -OP SUBJECTS. INDEX I. iii. XI
Page 213 and 214:
418 OF SUBJECTS. INDEX I. INDEX I.
Page 215 and 216:
* 422 OF SUBJECTS. INDEX I. Stable,
Page 217 and 218:
426 OP SUBJECTS. INDEX I. INDEX I.
Page 219:
430 PEOPEE NAMES. INDEX II. P'oo, o
show all

THE SHE KING; OR, THE BOOK OF ANCIENT POETRY

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?