Jelen Do

LIME
Jelen Do

The production of lime in Jelen Do started way back
in 1928. Initially, lime was produced in primitive clamp
kilns, but later, when the operation became a part of
Belgrade-based Ratko Mitrović Construction Company,
several coal-fired shaft-type kilns were built and the
production was modernized. Owing to the exceptional
quality of the basic raw material (lime from Suvo Do
and Grabovik opencasts in Jelen Do) and modernized
production, Jelen Do soon won reputation as a producer
of one of the highest-quality limes in former Yugoslavia.
Today, operating within Nexe Group, Jelen Do continues
modernizing its equipment and technology, permanently
improving the quality of its range of products in order
to maintain and enhance its reputation among consumers,
fully satisfying all of their demands.
Our lime has a high content of CaO and Ca(OH)2.
The following types of lime are available:
• unslaked lump lime (0 - 63mm, 0 - 150mm)
• unslaked ground lime (0 - 5mm)
• unslaked micronized lime (0 - 90μm)
• bulk hydrated industrial lime
• hydrated lime packed in bags (25kg) and
palletized (a pallet weighs 1,250kg and is
covered with a protective foil)

UNSLAKED LUMP LIME
Properties:
Owing to the above properties, lime can be used:
IN NON-FERROUS METALLURGY
In the process of copper flotation, lime is used as a
depressant and for achieving the desired level of
alkalinity in flotation tanks. Similarly, unslaked lump
lime is used in flotation of lead ores, zinc and nickel
and in separation of mercury (where it is used for
removal of sulfur), gold and silver.
Lime is also used for neutralization of sulfur dioxide
which is released during melting and refinement of
copper, zinc, lead and other ores. It is done in such
way that the gas in the purifier flows through lime
milk, which prevents creation of sulfuric acid and its
release into the atmosphere.
Lime milk is also used in refining of nickel (after
melting, nickel settles in a solution of boiling lime
milk), while lime water is used in refining of copper.

IN FERROUS METALLURGY:
Having completed the gasification of its production
plants, Jelen Do can now offer a new product - metallurgy
lime adapted for use in different phases of steel production
(in desulphurization and refinement, as a melting agent)
for three basic purposes:
1. Production of crude cast iron from iron ore.
2. As a melting agent in blast-furnaces and converters,
where, reacting with SiO2, phosphorus, sulfur and, to a
lesser extent, manganese, it removes these contaminants
from steel; the by-product of the process is slag, which
can be removed.
3. in secondary refinement of steel and in manufacturing
of steel products.
The lime from our quarries has very little admixtures
that have adverse effect on the quality of steel
(alkalis, sulfates,...) and gas-fired calcination eliminates
the possibility of admixtures of sulfur occurring in lime.
Properties of lime:
PROPERTY JELEN DO AD
CaO CONTENT
MgO CONTENT
CALCINATION LOSS
SiO2
R2O3
P
Sulfide sulfur S
94,50
up to 2%
2,09
0,18
0,31
/
0,00
SRPS B.B6.023/1981
I class
Min.90%
Max.2,0%
Max.5
Max.1,5%
Max.1,5%
Max.0,04%
Max.0,04%
SRPS B.B6.023/1981
II class
Min.87%
Max.2,5%
/
Max.2,5%
Max.2%
Max.0,06%
Max.0,06%

IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY:
Lump lime is used for making of slaked lime, which is
then used as a binder in making of mortar.
GROUND AND MICRONIZED LIME
Unslaked ground lime is used for removal of silicates
from bauxite ore in production of alumina, from which
aluminum is then extracted.
Unslaked micronized lime is used as a raw material for
production of aerated concrete and silica brick.
Temperature, C
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Lime-slaking curve
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Time, min
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
The reactivity of lime can be modified according to
specific demands of customers.

HYDRATED LIME
PROPERTIES:
PROPERTY JELEN DO AD SRPS B.C1.020/1981
CaO CONTENT 71.38
MgO CONTENT 2.67
CONTENT OF ACTIVE CaO AND MgO 93.73
CALCINATION LOSS 25.25
FREE WATER AT 120 0.42
BOUND WATER 22.29
SiO2 + UNSOLUBLE RESIDUE 0.20
RESIDUE ON 0.6mm SIEVE
0.00
RESIDUE ON 0.9mm SIEVE
7.40
STABILITY OF VOLUME
stable
not defined
Max. 8%
Min. 85%
Max. 27%
Max. 5%
not defined
not defined
Max 0.00%
Max 10%
stable
The above specified properties make hydrated lime
useful not only in construction industry, but also in:
• decarbonization
(it binds the Mg and Ca bicarbonates and
carbonates from water)
• PH regulation of water
(it neutralizes acidic waters which contain excessive
quantities of CO2 and are aggressive to plumbing)
• purification of drinking water
• in fishponds
(for burning of surplus organic matter, disinfection
of pond bottom and pond water and PH regulation
of water)
• purification of waste waters
(sewer and industrial waters)
• sanitization of the sites of various ecological
incidents
(neutralization of hazardous waste)
• soldification etc.
In addition to its traditional use in construction industry
(as a binder in the making of mortar, as well as for
production of machine mortar, facades and lime putty),
which is still very common, lime is now used more and

more in preparatory works for stabilization of ground.
Numerous studies have shown that the use of lime as
a component of mortar is indispensable for long-term
high-quality living conditions, which is particularly
important for plastering interior walls. The recipe for
mortar depends on its specific use. We recommend that
the following proportion among the basic components
be maintained when they are mixed:
LIME MORTAR
VOLUME SHARE OF
COMPONENTS
HYDRATED
LIME
CEMENT SAND
Basic 1 3
Final 2 3
CEMENT-LIME MORTAR
VOLUME SHARE OF
COMPONENTS
HYDRATED
LIME
CEMENT SAND
Basic 2 1 6
Final 3 1 9
Brick-laying mortar 2 1 9
It is also important to emphasize that there is a widespread
and growing trend of environmental-friendly
construction in the world today, which implies returning
to traditional methods of building that include
traditional, natural materials. Lime is one of the oldest
building materials and is fully made of natural components,
with no additions. The evidence for its usefulness
can be found in the fact that it has been used for
centuries.
Since the content of harmful and hazardous materials
in lime (lead, arsenic, barium, fluorides) is far below the
allowed maximum, lime can also be used in food industry
for water treatment.

Jelen Do a.d. Jelen Do
31215 Jelen Do, Serbia
Phone:
Switchboard: +381(0)31/590-599
Sales dept: +381(0)31/590-564, 590-502, 590-572
Fax:
Switchboard: +381(0)31/590-570
Sales dept: +381(0)31/590-560
office@jelendo.co.yu
www.jelendo.co.yu
November 2007, 1000 copies