The sentence
The sentence The sentence
3. We can use What? on its own (What do you prefer?) or in a variety of combinations: What(‘s) … like?, What(‘s) … called? What make …? What nationally?, What … do (for a living)?, What time/date/year?, What(‘s) … for?, What kind(s)/sort(s) of …?, What colour …?, What size …?. F. Question-word questions (2): ‘When?’, ‘Where?’, ‘Which?’, ‘Whose?’ ‘When …?’ and ‘Where …’ as question-words 1. We use When …? to ask about time in the present, past or future. The answers are usually adverbs of time or prepositional phrases: When is your flight? – Tomorrow morning./At 4. 2. We use Where …? to ask about place. The answers can be whole sentences, phrases or single words: Where is he? – He’s over there. Over there! There! Where … from? asks about people and things: Where are you from?/do you come from? ‘Which …?’ as a question-word 1. Which + noun asks about people: Which boy/boys/girl/girls did you see? Or things: Which book/books do you prefer? 2. Which always refers to a limited choice and we don’t always use a noun after it: Which is the longest river in the world? (Or: Which river is the longest?) We also use Which of for two or more items: Which of the two/of them do you prefer? 3. Which combines with the comparative/superlative: Which is the cheaper/the cheapest? 4. Which combines with day, month or year. Which (or What) day was it? 5. Which way …? asks for more exact information than Where?: Which way did they go? “Whose?’ 1. Whose? asks about possession. The possessor is always a person and we expect the answer to be somebody’s name + ‘s (Kate’s) or a possessive pronoun (mine ) . 2. When the possession is a thing or a substance, we can omit the noun after Whose: Whose (umbrella/coffee) is this? – It’s mine. 3. When the ‘possession’ is a person, we normally use a noun after Whose: Whose son/daughter is he/she? – Kate’s. Whose children are they? – The Lakers’. 4. We can also phrase questions with Whose in the following way: Whose is this umbrella? (Compare: Whose umbrella is this?) Whose are those children? (Compare: Whose children are they?) 86
G. Question-word questions (3): ‘Why?’, ‘How?’ ‘Why …?’ as a question-word 1. Why …? asks for a reason and we answer with Because (Not *Why*) or a to-infinitive. 2. We can use What … for? in place of Why?: What did you do that for? (= Why did you do they?) 3. We use Why don’t/doesn’t …? (Why don’t you?/Why doesn’t she?) to make suggestions. 4. We may use Why? or Why not? + bare infinitive: Why wait for him: Why not wait a bit? ‘How …?’ as a question-word; ‘How much?/How many?’ 1. We use How?, basically, to ask about manner: How did your get on I the exam? – Quite well, I hope! How combines with much, many, and with adjective and adverbs (How far? etc.). 2. We use How much? + uncountable to ask about quantity: How much bread/milk/time? We also use How much? to refer to cost: How much does this cost? How much is it? 3. We use How many? + plural noun to ask about number: How many people/books …? ‘How’ + adjective or adverb: ‘How far?’ We can use How + adjective (How long?) in place of What + noun (What length?): How long is that skirt? What length is that skirt? ‘How long…? (for)?’ and ‘How long ago?’ How long …? (with or without for) asks about duration: How long are you here (for)? How long ago? + past tense refers to a point of time: How long ago did it happen? Social uses of ‘How …?’ We ask questions with How …? for: - introductions: How do you do?, answered by How do you do? (Not e.g. *Fine, thanks*) - health: How are you? How have you been?, answered by e.g. Fine, thanks. - personal reactions: How was the film? (= What was the film like?) - offers and suggestions: How about a drink? (= What about a drink?) 87
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- Page 39 and 40: Adverbs A. Adverbs of manner Adverb
- Page 41 and 42: ‘During’, in’ and ‘for’ 1
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- Page 53 and 54: d. Please put these dishes away. (a
- Page 55 and 56: 4. There are five groups of stative
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- Page 59 and 60: G. The simple future tense Some use
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- Page 63 and 64: Be, Have, Do A. ‘Be’ as a full
- Page 65 and 66: There are some children at the door
- Page 67 and 68: Compare: Have you/Do you have/Have
- Page 69 and 70: - present form: He must be right. H
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- Page 83 and 84: I’ve seen no one/nobody. → I ha
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- Page 99 and 100: ‘I know him to be an honest man
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3. We can use What? on its own (What do you prefer?) or in a variety of combinations:<br />
What(‘s) … like?, What(‘s) … called? What make …? What nationally?,<br />
What … do (for a living)?, What time/date/year?, What(‘s) … for?,<br />
What kind(s)/sort(s) of …?, What colour …?, What size …?.<br />
F. Question-word questions (2): ‘When?’, ‘Where?’, ‘Which?’, ‘Whose?’<br />
‘When …?’ and ‘Where …’ as question-words<br />
1. We use When …? to ask about time in the present, past or future.<br />
<strong>The</strong> answers are usually adverbs of time or prepositional phrases:<br />
When is your flight? – Tomorrow morning./At 4.<br />
2. We use Where …? to ask about place.<br />
<strong>The</strong> answers can be whole <strong>sentence</strong>s, phrases or single words:<br />
Where is he? – He’s over there. Over there! <strong>The</strong>re!<br />
Where … from? asks about people and things: Where are you from?/do you come from?<br />
‘Which …?’ as a question-word<br />
1. Which + noun asks about people: Which boy/boys/girl/girls did you see?<br />
Or things: Which book/books do you prefer?<br />
2. Which always refers to a limited choice and we don’t always use a noun after it:<br />
Which is the longest river in the world? (Or: Which river is the longest?)<br />
We also use Which of for two or more items: Which of the two/of them do you prefer?<br />
3. Which combines with the comparative/superlative: Which is the cheaper/the cheapest?<br />
4. Which combines with day, month or year. Which (or What) day was it?<br />
5. Which way …? asks for more exact information than Where?: Which way did they go?<br />
“Whose?’<br />
1. Whose? asks about possession. <strong>The</strong> possessor is always a person and we expect the answer<br />
to be somebody’s name + ‘s (Kate’s) or a possessive pronoun (mine ) .<br />
2. When the possession is a thing or a substance, we can omit the noun after Whose:<br />
Whose (umbrella/coffee) is this? – It’s mine.<br />
3. When the ‘possession’ is a person, we normally use a noun after Whose:<br />
Whose son/daughter is he/she? – Kate’s. Whose children are they? – <strong>The</strong> Lakers’.<br />
4. We can also phrase questions with Whose in the following way:<br />
Whose is this umbrella? (Compare: Whose umbrella is this?)<br />
Whose are those children? (Compare: Whose children are they?)<br />
86
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