Structured Query Language (SQL) - Cultural View of Technology

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Cursor (databases) 32 References [1] http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/XQuery/Searching,Paging_and_Sorting#Paging [2] http://www.mssqlcity.com/Tips/tipCursor.htm [3] http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?DistributedCursor [4] http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.3/interactive/plpgsql-cursors.html [5] http://sleepycat.com/docs/ref/am/cursor.html [6] http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/technotes/guides/jdbc/getstart/resultset.html [7] http://doc.trolltech.com/4.0/q3sqlcursor.html [8] http://www.oracle.com/technology/products/oracle9i/daily/mar15.html [9] http://de2.php.net/manual/en/function.oci-new-cursor.php [10] http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/cursors.html [11] http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/db2luw/v9/topic/com.ibm.db2.udb.apdv.cli.doc/doc/c0007645.htm [12] http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/db2luw/v9/topic/com.ibm.db2.udb.apdv.sql.doc/doc/c0024361.htm Data Control Language A Data Control Language (DCL) is a computer language and a subset of SQL, used to control access to data in a database. Examples of DCL commands include: • GRANT to allow specified users to perform specified tasks. • REVOKE to cancel previously granted or denied permissions. The following privileges can be GRANTED TO or REVOKED FROM a user or role: • CONNECT • SELECT • INSERT • UPDATE • DELETE • EXECUTE • USAGE In Oracle, executing a DCL command issues an implicit commit. In PostgreSQL, executing DCL is transactional, and can be rolled back. See also • Data Definition Language • Data Manipulation Language
Data Definition Language 33 Data Definition Language A Data Definition Language (DDL) is a computer language for defining data structures. The term was first introduced in relation to the Codasyl database model, where the schema of the database was written in a Data Definition Language describing the records, fields, and "sets" making up the user Data Model. Initially it referred to a subset of SQL, but is now used in a generic sense to refer to any formal language for describing data or information structures, like XML schemas. SQL Initially, DDL was a subset of SQL statements. perhaps the most common code is CREATE TABLE code in this kind of statements. CREATE statements Create - To make a new database, table, index, or stored query. A CREATE statement in SQL creates an object inside of a relational database management system (RDBMS). The types of objects that can be created depends on which RDBMS is being used, but most support the creation of tables, indexes, users, synonyms and databases. Some systems (such as PostgreSQL) allow CREATE, and other DDL commands, inside of a transaction and thus they may be rolled back. CREATE TABLE statement Perhaps the most common CREATE command is the CREATE TABLE command. The typical usage is: CREATE [TEMPORARY] TABLE [table name] ( [column definitions] ) [table parameters]. Column Definitions: A comma-separated list consisting of any of the following • Column definition: [column name] [data type] {NULL | NOT NULL} {column options} • Primary key definition: PRIMARY KEY ( [comma separated column list] ) • CONSTRAINTS: {CONSTRAINT} [constraint definition] • RDBMS specific functionality For example, the command to create a table named employees with a few sample columns would be: CREATE TABLE employees ( ); id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, first_name CHAR(50) null, last_name CHAR(75) not null, dateofbirth DATE null DROP statements Drop - To destroy an existing database, table, index, or view. A DROP statement in SQL removes an object from a relational database management system (RDBMS). The types of objects that can be dropped depends on which RDBMS is being used, but most support the dropping of tables, users, and databases. Some systems (such as PostgreSQL) allow DROP and other DDL commands to occur inside of a transaction and thus be rolled back. The typical usage is simply DROP objecttype objectname. For example, the command to drop a table named employees would be: DROP TABLE employees;
Page 1 and 2: Structured Query Language (SQL) SQL
Page 3 and 4: Nested SQL 72 Object-oriented SQL 7
Page 5 and 6: SQL 1 SQL Paradigm Multi-paradigm A
Page 7 and 8: SQL 3 result set. SELECT * FROM Boo
Page 9 and 10: SQL 5 • MERGE is used to combine
Page 11 and 12: SQL 7 REVOKE SELECT, UPDATE ON My_t
Page 13 and 14: SQL 9 2008 SQL:2008 Legalizes ORDER
Page 15 and 16: SQL 11 [9] ANSI/ISO/IEC Internation
Page 17 and 18: SQL:2003 13 [11] http://www.iso.org
Page 19 and 20: Advantage Database Server 15 • Sm
Page 21 and 22: Call Level Interface 17 Call Level
Page 23 and 24: Check Constraint 19 Check Constrain
Page 25 and 26: Commit (data management) 21 Commit
Page 27 and 28: Correlated subquery 23 Correlated s
Page 29 and 30: CUBRID 25 Linux Foundation Silver S
Page 31 and 32: CUBRID 27 References [1] http://www
Page 33 and 34: Cursor (databases) 29 Scrollable cu
Page 35: Cursor (databases) 31 Disadvantages
Page 39 and 40: Data Manipulation Language 35 Data
Page 41 and 42: Database Console Commands (Transact
Page 47 and 48: DbForge Studio for MySQL 43 • Dat
Page 49 and 50: Declarative Referential Integrity 4
Page 51 and 52: Devgems Data Modeler 47 External li
Page 53 and 54: Embedded SQL 49 External links •
Page 55 and 56: EnterpriseDB 51 EnterpriseDB also o
Page 57 and 58: Epictetus Database Client 53 Extern
Page 59 and 60: Foreign key 55 SET NULL The foreign
Page 61 and 62: FSQL 57 Comparator for Possibility
Page 63 and 64: Hint (SQL) 59 Hint (SQL) In various
Page 65 and 66: HSQLDB 61 Transaction support HSQLD
Page 67 and 68: MaxDB 63 MaxDB Stable release 7.6.0
Page 69 and 70: Meta-SQL 65 Meta-SQL 'Meta-SQL' Use
Page 71 and 72: MySQL Workbench 67 MySQL Migration
Page 73 and 74: MySQL Workbench 69 [14] MySQL Workb
Page 75 and 76: Navicat 71 Free version Navicat Lit
Page 77 and 78: PL/pgSQL 73 PL/pgSQL PL/pgSQL (Proc
Page 79 and 80: PL/SQL 75 User-defined exceptions a
Page 81 and 82: PL/SQL 77 A selection of other data
Page 83 and 84: PL/SQL 79 Array handling PL/SQL ref
Page 85 and 86: PL/SQL 81 Similar languages PL/SQL
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Query optimizer 83 Join ordering Th
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Query plan 85 Query plan A query pl
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Rollback (data management) 87 Rollb
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SQL CLR 89 External links • MSDN:
Page 95 and 96:
SQL Problems Requiring Cursors 91 S
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SQL injection 93 Incorrect type han
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SQL injection 95 mysql_query($query
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SQL/CLI 97 SQL/CLI The SQL/CLI, or
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SQL/Schemata 99 SQL/Schemata The SQ
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SQLPro SQL Client 101 SQLPro SQL Cl
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Scriptella 103 Scriptella Stable re
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SQL/JRT 105 SQL/JRT The SQL/JRT, or
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SQuirreL SQL Client 107 History The
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Table (database) 109 An equally val
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Truviso 111 Truviso Industry Softwa
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User-defined function 113 User-defi
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User-defined function 115 SAS_Stude
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View (database) 117 View (database)
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View (database) 119 for processing.
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Windows Internal Database 121 Exter
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XLeratorDB 123 Analytic functions S
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XLeratorDB 125 [27] See general Bus
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Article Sources and Contributors 12
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Image Sources, Licenses and Contrib
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