SYMPOSIA
SYMPOSIA
SYMPOSIA
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Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology, Vol: 21, Supplement: 2, 2011 - www.psikofarmakoloji.org<br />
Abstracts of the Invited Speakers<br />
that add-on treatments with omega-3 fatty acids in mood disorders significantly improved the symptoms. Another way to investigate the<br />
effects of omega-3 fatty acids is by estimating the regional brain concentrations of various metabolites with proton magnetic resonance<br />
spectroscopy (PMRS). In a study that used this method in a population with first-episode psychosis, improvement of the negative<br />
symptoms of the patients were observed parallel to the increase in glutathione availability and modulation of the glutamine/glutamate<br />
cycle with ethyl-eicosapenthaenoic acid augmentation treatment (4). Post-mortem polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations in the<br />
prefrontal areas of antipsychotic-naive schizophrenia patients were found to be lower than those of schizophrenia patients treated with<br />
atypical antipsychotics. Additionally, in an animal study, increases in the omega-3 fatty acid concentration in erythrocytes and prefrontal<br />
cortex were observed after long-term treatment with risperidone.<br />
One of the earliest reports about the possible psychiatric effects of vitamin B12 deficiency belongs to Langdon in 1905. Vitamin B12<br />
together with folate are essential for conversion of homocysteine to methionine and synthesis of adenosyl-methionine. S-adenosylmethionine<br />
is responsible for methylation in the metabolism of neurotransmitters (5). There are various studies that showed associations<br />
of depression, dementia and schizophrenia with deficiencies of folate and vitamin B12. Some studies have focussed on folate rather<br />
than vitamin B12 and have suggested a stronger role for folate in depression. Independent from serum levels of folate and vitamin<br />
B12, augmention with these vitamins may be beneficial to patients who have predominantly cognitive symptoms, who are resistant to<br />
treatment, pregnantor use lithium (6).<br />
Consequently, augmentation with omega-3 fatty acids, folate and vitamin B12 may have some clinical benefits in the treatment of some<br />
psychiatric disorders. However, mechanisms of their actions still need to be further elucidated.<br />
Key words: Omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin B12, folate, psychiatric disorders<br />
References:<br />
1. Bazan NG. Lipid signaling in neural plasticity, brain repair, and neuroprotection. Mol Neurobiol 2005; 32: 89–103<br />
2. Yao JK, Leonard S, Reddy R. Altered glutathione redox state in schizophrenia. Dis Markers 2006; 22: 83–93<br />
3. Frangou S, Lewis M, Wollard J, Simmons A. Preliminary in vivo evidence of increased N-acetyl-aspartate following eicosapentanoic acid treatment in patients with<br />
bipolar disorder. J Psychopharmacol 2007; 21: 435-439<br />
4. Berger GE, Wood SJ, Wellard RM, Proffitt TM, McConchie M, Amminger GP, Jackson GD, Velakoulis D, Pantelis C, McGorry PD. Ethyl-eicosapentaenoic acid in firstepisode<br />
psychosis. A 1H-MRS study. Neuropsychopharmacology 2008; 33: 2467-2473<br />
5. Bottiglieri T. Folate, vitamin B12, and neuropsychiatric disorders. Nutr Rev 1996; 54:382-390<br />
6. Lindeman RD, Romero LJ, Koehler KM, Liang HC, LaRue A, Baumgartner RN, Garry PJ. Serum vitamin B12, C and folate concentrations in the New Mexico elder<br />
health survey: Correlations with cognitive and affective functions. J Am Coll Nutr 2000; 19: 68-76<br />
Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology 2011;21(Suppl. 2):S66-7<br />
[PS-09]<br />
Symposium Title: From preclinical studies to clinical practice in anxiety disorders<br />
Medical disease and anxiety disorders<br />
Hayriye Elbi<br />
Ege University, School of Medicine, Dept. of Psychiatry, İzmir, Turkey<br />
E-mail: hayriye.elbi@yahoo.com;hayriye@ege.edu.tr;hayriye.elbi@med.ege.edu.tr<br />
Chronic medical illness causes us to face our vulnerabilities and is a significant risk factor for the development of an anxiety disorder.<br />
The vulnerability could be associated with the stress of illness and coping with the limitations of illness. Anxiety disorders may also<br />
develop secondary to predisposing biological mechanisms (as in diabetes or thyroid disorders) or may be related to a patient’s specific<br />
medications.<br />
We need to explore the causes of an anxiety disorder and plan our treatment so that it will not interfere with the medical disease and its<br />
treatments. Drug interactions are very important in medical comorbidity cases. Every disorder comes with a new life style and necessity<br />
for new adaptations. The uncertainty and barriers to daily life worsen the situation. I will review the anxiety associated with medical<br />
diseases and the current treatments for it.<br />
Key words: Medical diseases, anxiety disorders<br />
Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology 2011;21(Suppl. 2):S67<br />
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