SYMPOSIA
SYMPOSIA
SYMPOSIA
Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
Abstracts of the Invited Speakers<br />
depression also seem to be connected to the risk of developing AD. There are some somatic factors that are under the direct influence of<br />
environmental exposures, such as blood pressure, obesity, diabetes mellitus, cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases, and hyperlipidemia,<br />
have additionally been implicated in AD etiology.<br />
Key words: Alzheimer’s disease, genes, environmental risk<br />
Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology 2011;21(Suppl. 2):S51-2<br />
[PS-02]<br />
Symposium Title: Behavioral addictions and treatments: Review of recent data<br />
From Don Juanism and nymphomania to hypersexual disorders<br />
Sultan Doğan<br />
Namik Kemal University, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry<br />
E-mail: sultandogan@yahoo.com<br />
Hypersexual Disorder is proposed as a new psychiatric disorder for consideration in the sexual disorders section of the DSM-V. Historically,<br />
excessive sexual behaviors were clinically documented by diverse clinicians such as the 19th century Western European pioneer sexologists<br />
Richard von Krafft-Ebing (1840–1902), Havelock Ellis (1859–1939), and Magnus Hirshfeld (1868–1935). Benjamin Rush(1745–1813), a<br />
physician and founding father of the United States (Rush, 1746-1813) also studied the same subject. These clinicians and investigators<br />
described a frame of persistent socially deviant sexual behaviors as well as clinical examples of males and females whose nonparaphilic<br />
(i.e., normophilic) sexual appetite was excessive and maladaptive. The clinical examples of such appetitive behaviors described by these<br />
investigators were precursors to the 20th century characterization of protracted promiscuity as Don Juanism (Stoller, 1975) or satyriasis<br />
(Allen, 1969) in males and nymphomania (Ellis & Sagarin, 1965) in females. The DSM-II (American Psychiatric Association, 1968) recognized<br />
sexual deviations as personality disorders but there was no mention of excessive or maladaptive nonparaphilic sexual behavior disorders.<br />
By 1980, the DSM-III (American Psychiatric Association, 1980) classified paraphilic disorders as distinct pathologies (Psychosexual<br />
Disorders) and a residual diagnostic category, Psychosexual Disorder Not Otherwise Specified included ‘‘distress about a pattern of<br />
repeated sexual conquests with a succession of individuals who exist only as things to be used (Don Juanism and nymphomania)’’. In the<br />
DSM-IV (American Psychiatric Association, 1994) and its text revision, DSM-IV-TR (American Psychiatric Association, 2000), the original<br />
DSM-III characterization of these behaviors was reestablished. Sexual Disorders Not Otherwise Specified (302.9) included a condition<br />
characterized by: ‘‘distress about a pattern of repeated sexual relationships involving a succession of lovers who are experienced by<br />
the individual only as things to be used’’. Until recently, authors have used different terms for hypersexual disorders, such as “sexual<br />
addiction” (Carnes), “paraphilia-related disorders and non-paraphilic hypersexuality” (Kafka), “excessive sexual desire disorders” (Marshal),<br />
“problematic hypersexuality” (Finlayson) and “compulsive sexual bahavior” (Cooper and Coleman). These disorders were described as<br />
markedly increased expressions of culturally normative sexual desire (fantasies, urges, and behaviors) persisting for a minimum duration<br />
of 6 months and associated with clinically significant personal distress, impairment in reciprocal romantic relationships or other adverse<br />
psychosocial consequences. Thera are several form of hypersexual disorders such as compulsive masturbation, pornography dependence,<br />
telephone sex dependence, cybersex, severe sexual desire incompatibility, anonymous sex and multiple sexual partners (Coleman 1995,<br />
Carnes 2007, Kafka 2000, Kafka 2007, Cooper 2002, Cooper 2003).<br />
There are significant gaps in the current scientific knowledge base regarding the clinical course, developmental risk factors, family history,<br />
neurobiology, and neuropsychology of hypersexual disorder. As is true of so many psychiatric disorders, the comment that ‘‘more research<br />
is needed’’ is certainly applicable to these conditions. Although there are significant shortcomings in the state of our current empirical<br />
knowledge, there is little doubt that patients with such conditions commonly present to clinicians as well as to specialized treatment<br />
programs.<br />
Key words: Don Juanism, nymphomania, hypersexual disorders<br />
Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology 2011;21(Suppl. 2):S52<br />
S52 Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology, Vol: 21, Supplement: 2, 2011 - www.psikofarmakoloji.org