SYMPOSIA

Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology, Vol: 21, Supplement: 2, 2011 - www.psikofarmakoloji.org
Poster Presentations
[PP-035] Ref. No: 216
Effects of strawberry leaf and celery seed extracts in terlipressin-induced chronic
hyponatremia in rats
Rehab R. Hegazy 1 , Hala F. Zaki 2 , Ola A. Sharaf 1 , Ismail E. Ismail 1 , Sanaa A. Kenawy 2
1 Departement of Pharmacology, Medical Division, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt
2 Departement of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
E-mail: rehab_hegazy@hotmail.com
Hyponatremia (HN) is associated with mortality and morbidity risks due to development of encephalopathy and neurogenic pulmonary
edema. Moreover, its rapid correction carries a high risk of development of the serious cerebral disorder known as osmotic demyelination
syndrome (ODS).
In the present study, chronic HN was induced in rats using a single daily administration of terlipressin (TP), a synthetic, long-acting analogue
of vasopressin, for 3 days. TP-induced HN was then used to study the possible therapeutic effects of strawberry leaf extract (StrwLE) and
celery seed extract (CelrSE), and to compare their effects with that resulting from rapid correction using hypertonic saline (HtNaCl). Serum
sodium level, as a marker of HN, was measured following induction and treatment, respectively. The study was extended to investigate
changes in locomotor activity, pain reflex and lung function using an activity cage, hot-plate test, and spirometer, respectively. Furthermore,
assessment of brain nitric oxide (NO) content, that has been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of ODS, was carried out.
It was found that TP induced a profound (48 h) HN that was coupled by decreased locomotor activity, delayed pain
reflex and impaired lung function. Administration of StrwLE resulted in a correction of HN with its subsequent neurological dysfunction
without elevation of the brain content of NO; however, it resulted in deterioration of the lung function parameters of hyponatremic rats. These
findings suggested that StrwLE is useful for treatment of chronic HN, yet, further investigations are required to study its effect on the lungs.
Key words: Hyponatremia, terlipressin, rats, locomotor activity, pain reflex, lung functions
Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology 2011;21(Suppl. 2):S141
[PP-036] Ref. No: 165
Post traumatic stress disorder in patients with spinal cord injury and relevant factors
Murat İlhan Atagün 1 , Ünal Altınok 1 , Özlem Devrim Balaban 1 , Zeliha Atagün 2 , Latif Ruhşat Alpkan 1 , Kadriye Öneş 2
1Bakirkoy Research and Training Hospital for Psychiatry, Neurology and Neurosurgery, İstanbul, Turkey
2İstanbul Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Research and Training Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
E-mail: muratilhanatagun@gmail.com
Objective: Although spinal cord injury (SCI) was thought to be a fatal case, development of rehabilitation approaches in the early 20th
century prolonged survival rates and longevity. Physical and psychological trauma and permanent results of the injury are difficult to cope
with. Post traumatic stress disorder rates following SCI range from 10 to 44%. In this study we aimed to assess PTSD frequencies in patients
with SPI in Turkey and the association of PTSD to factors like depression, anxiety and caregiver burden.
Methods: Eighty four patients with SCI (mean age= 40.5±15.97; 40 female, 44 male) and caregivers (n=83; mean age=43.72±14.37; 67
female, 16 male) were enrolled. Patients with mental retardation, premorbid psychiatric disorder, comorbid central nerve system disease
and patients with professional caregivers were excluded. Clinican administered post traumatic stress disorder rating scale (CAPS), the Beck
depression and anxiety, and Zarit caregiver burden scales were assessment tools.
Results: Although they had experienced traumatic events, 32.1% (n=27) of the patients did not have PTSD, while 40.5% (n=34) had
PTSD. About 28.6% of these had acute PTSD symptoms and 11.9% (n=10) had had PTSD symptoms in the past. Patients with PTSD had
statistically significant higher scores of depression, anxiety and caregiver burden.
Discussion: Perception of stress may be influenced by several factors including personality and economical factors. Expression of feelings
may increase stress tolerance. The differing results may be due to the factors above as well as methodologies, different stages of assessed
samples, social and cultural differences, and tolerance to stress. On the other hand, some negative effects of PTSD are screened in this
study. These negative factors may influence adjustment of the disabled person and thus may cause a vicious circle.
Key words: Spinal Cord Injury, post traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, caregiver burden
Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology 2011;21(Suppl. 2):S141
S141