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CHAPTER 3.3 3.3.5. Discussion 120 In this study, a new device for analyzing equine semen was evaluated. The SQA-Ve was highly repeatable when assessing sperm concentration, with a good agreement with the gold standard. The other SQA-Ve outcomes however, were less accurate. CASA proved to have a good repeatability as well as a good agreement with LM. The density of the extender might be an explanation for the lower repeatability when analyzing the concentration of extended semen compared to raw semen. The low repeatability for TM and PM obtained with the SQA-Ve and the poor agreement between LM and the SQA for these parameters clearly demonstrate that the tested version (1.00.43) of the SQA-Ve is, with its current algorithms, not suitable for the analysis of motility of raw or extended equine semen. Once more, these experiments prove the agreement between CASA and LM observations. This is as expected since the motility setup for CASA analysis was made in order to correspond with light microscopical findings. In conclusion, the SQA-Ve software version 1.00.43 can be used with good results to determine stallion sperm concentration. This is especially true for raw semen and to a lesser extent for extended semen. However, repeatability for SQA-Ve was poor when analyzing motility, and not in agreement with the gold standard, making the device insufficiently accurate. This is in contrast with CASA, which is highly repeatable and agrees well with the gold standard when assessing TM and PM of extended stallion semen.
References CHAPTER 3.3 Arunvipas P., VanLeeuwen J.A., Dohoo I.R., Keefe G.P. 2003. Evaluation of the reliability and repeatability of automated milk urea nitrogen testing. Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research 67:60-63. Barth A.D., Oko R.J. 1989. Abnormal morphology of bovine spermatozoa. Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University Press. Bartoov B., Kalay D., Mayevsky A. 1981. Sperm motility analyzer (SMA), a practical tool of motility and cell concentration determinations in artificial insemination centers. Theriogenology 15:173-182. Bland J.M., Altman D.G. 1986. Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement. Lancet 1:307-310. Davis R.O., Katz D.F. 1993. Operational standards for CASA instruments. Journal of Andrology 14:385- 394. Hoflack G., Rijsselaere T., Maes D., Dewulf J., Opsomer G., de Kruif A., Van Soom A. 2005. Validation and usefulness of the sperm quality analyzer (SQA II-C) for bull semen analysis. Reproduction in Domestic Animals 40:237-244. Hoogewijs M., Govaere J., Rijsselaere T., De Schauwer C., Vanhaesebrouck E., de Kruif A., De Vliegher S. 2009. Influence of technical settings on CASA motility parameters of frozen thawed stallion semen. Proceedings of the 55 th annual convention of the American Association of Equine Practitioners – Las Vegas 55:333-337. Hoogewijs M., Rijsselaere T., De Vliegher S., Vanhaesebrouck E., De Schauwer C., Govaere J., Thys M., Hoflack G., Van Soom A., de Kruif A. 2010. Influence of different centrifugation protocols on equine semen preservation. Theriogenology 74:118-126. Matson P.L. 1995. External quality assessment for semen analysis and sperm antibody detection: results of a pilot scheme. Human Reproduction 10:620-625. Perreault S.D. 2009. Special section on challenging assumptions about the meaning of sperm concentration and sperm counts. Journal of Andrology 30:621-622. Varner D.D. 2008. Developments in stallion semen evaluation. Theriogenology 70:448-462. Verstegen J., Iguer-Ouada M., Onclin K. 2002 Computer assisted semen analyzers in andrology research and veterinary practice. Theriogenology 57:149-179. World Health Organization (WHO). 2010. laboratory manual for the examination and preparation of human semen. 5th ed. Geneva, Switzerland, WHO Press. 121
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AUTOMATED AND STANDARDIZED ANALYSIS
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AUTOMATED AND STANDARDIZED ANALYSIS
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A Area AI Artificial Insemination A
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PREFACE The first recorded case of
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GENERAL INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 1 3
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1.1.1. Introduction CHAPTER 1.1 The
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1.1.4. Concentration CHAPTER 1.1 Ac
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Fluorescent Activated Cell Sorter C
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CHAPTER 1.1 preparation (D, µm) is
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CHAPTER 1.1 These chambers are freq
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CHAPTER 1.1 it is not possible to o
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CHAPTER 1.1 overview of common abno
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CHAPTER 1.1 head, (B5) pyriform hea
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CHAPTER 1.1 The acrosome can be eva
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CHAPTER 1.1 The sperm chromatin str
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Collection and processing of equine
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CHAPTER 1.2 30 (a) Colorado State U
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CHAPTER 1.2 can be induced pharmaco
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CHAPTER 1.2 centrifugation time and
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CHAPTER 1.2 36 → Colloid centrifu
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CHAPTER 1.2 of a stallion stored fo
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CHAPTER 1.2 1.2.4. Cryopreservation
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CHAPTER 1.2 0.5 mL straws, and glyc
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CHAPTER 1.2 determined if the final
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CHAPTER 1.2 46 Chemically defined e
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CHAPTER 1.2 48 Cryopreservation - t
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1.3.1. Standards for equine AI dose
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CHAPTER 1.3 The use of density grad
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CHAPTER 1 Avery B., Greve T. 1995.
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CHAPTER 1 Cheng F.-P., Fazeli A., V
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CHAPTER 1 Flipse R.J., Patton S., A
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CHAPTER 1 Kuisma P., Andersson M.,
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CHAPTER 1 Medeiros A.S.L., Gomes G.
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CHAPTER 1 Pickett B.W. 1993. Collec
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CHAPTER 1 Taberner E., Morató R.,
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CHAPTER 4.2 Sperm yields markedly d
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References CHAPTER 4.2 Barth A.D.,
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CHAPTER 4.2 Waite J.A., Love C.C.,
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CHAPTER 5 This thesis originated fr
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CHAPTER 5.1 Fig. 1. Schematic prese
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CHAPTER 5.1 higher than the current
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CHAPTER 5.1 al., 2007) showing a cl
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CHAPTER 5.1 treatment strategy for
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CHAPTER 5.2 supernatant allowing sp
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CHAPTER 5.2 such keeping the pellet
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CHAPTER 5.2 components of the semin
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Final reflections 5.4 Actual change
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CHAPTER 5 Dillon R.H., Fauci L.J.,
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CHAPTER 5 Suárez S.S., Osman R.A.
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SUMMARY technique that enables proc
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SUMMARY from stallions previously c
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SAMENVATTING beweeglijkheid (Hoofds
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SAMENVATTING de spermacellen gesele
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DANKWOORD Het obligatoire dankwoord
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DANKWOORD dankzij jou en ze zijn er
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CURRICULUM VITAE Maarten Hoogewijs
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Govaere J., Ducatelle
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BIBLIOGRAPHY ABSTRACTS AND PROCEEDI
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FUNDAMENTAL ASPECTS OF CRYOPRESERVA
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ADDENDUM I presence of these CPAs a
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ADDENDUM I Fig. 3. Theoretical curv
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ADDENDUM II DETAILED LOADING TECHNI
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In m’n hoofd is alles heel eenvou
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