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CHAPTER 3.2 92 Preliminary findings indicated that loading a chamber with capillary force might have an influence on CONC. Therefore, it was decided not to use a classical haemocytometer as gold standard for CONC. The NucleoCounter has been shown to be highly repeatable and to have very good correlation with sperm concentration (Hansen et al., 2006). As such, the concentration as determined with the NucleoCounter was used as gold standard. Motility outcomes obtained with the WHO prepared slide were used as gold standard for motility. 3.2.3.5. Statistical Analysis The data obtained for CONC showed a left skewed distribution. A normal distribution was achieved using the natural log transformation (lnCONC). Progressive motility (PM) and percentage rapid sperm (Rapid) were transformed by dividing them by 100 followed by an arcsine of the square root of that value, in order to obtain a normal distribution. The other motility parameters, VAP, VSL, VCL, ALH, BCF, STR, and LIN were normally distributed. First, it was analyzed whether the averages obtained with the different chambers were different. Mixed models (including stallion as a random effect) were fit with chamber and capillarity (1 or 0) as fixed effects, respectively, to analyze chamber effect and effect of loading [filled with capillarity (=1) vs. drop filled with cover slide (=0)]. LSD was used as post hoc tests to compare the different chambers with the gold standard. Secondly, scatter plots were produced for CONC and PM, where the value obtained with the gold standard was plotted against the corresponding value obtained with the different chambers (Microsoft Office Excel 2007). Ideally, this should result in the line of perfect agreement, which is the hatched line at 45° and intercept zero. In each plot, this line of perfect agreement was drawn in comparison to the regression line fit to the data (Arunvipas et al., 2003). Third, to assess agreement between the values for CONC and PM obtained using the gold standard with the values obtained using different chambers, Bland-Altman plots were generated. This method plots the difference of the paired measurements (y-axis) against their mean (x-axis) (Bland and Altman, 1986). The 95% limits of agreement were computed as the mean difference plus or minus 1.96 times the standard deviation (SD) of the difference.
CHAPTER 3.2 Finally, Pearson coefficients of correlation (CC) were calculated between the different chambers and the gold standard. 3.2.4. Results Statistical analyses were done using SPSS (Version 17.0, SPSS Inc, Chicago, Illinois, USA). 3.2.4.1. Concentration The counting chamber used had a significant effect (p
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AUTOMATED AND STANDARDIZED ANALYSIS
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AUTOMATED AND STANDARDIZED ANALYSIS
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A Area AI Artificial Insemination A
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PREFACE The first recorded case of
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GENERAL INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 1 3
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1.1.1. Introduction CHAPTER 1.1 The
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1.1.4. Concentration CHAPTER 1.1 Ac
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Fluorescent Activated Cell Sorter C
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CHAPTER 1.1 preparation (D, µm) is
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CHAPTER 1.1 These chambers are freq
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CHAPTER 1.1 it is not possible to o
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CHAPTER 1.1 overview of common abno
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CHAPTER 1.1 head, (B5) pyriform hea
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CHAPTER 1.1 The acrosome can be eva
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CHAPTER 1.1 The sperm chromatin str
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Collection and processing of equine
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CHAPTER 1.2 30 (a) Colorado State U
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CHAPTER 1.2 can be induced pharmaco
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CHAPTER 1.2 centrifugation time and
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CHAPTER 1.2 36 → Colloid centrifu
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CHAPTER 1.2 of a stallion stored fo
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CHAPTER 1.2 1.2.4. Cryopreservation
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Page 56 and 57: CHAPTER 1.2 48 Cryopreservation - t
Page 59 and 60: 1.3.1. Standards for equine AI dose
Page 61 and 62: CHAPTER 1.3 The use of density grad
Page 63 and 64: CHAPTER 1 Avery B., Greve T. 1995.
Page 65 and 66: CHAPTER 1 Cheng F.-P., Fazeli A., V
Page 67 and 68: CHAPTER 1 Flipse R.J., Patton S., A
Page 69 and 70: CHAPTER 1 Kuisma P., Andersson M.,
Page 71 and 72: CHAPTER 1 Medeiros A.S.L., Gomes G.
Page 73 and 74: CHAPTER 1 Pickett B.W. 1993. Collec
Page 75 and 76: CHAPTER 1 Taberner E., Morató R.,
Page 77: CHAPTER 1 Waite J.A., Love C.C., Br
Page 81: CHAPTER 2 As evidenced in the gener
Page 85: 3.1 Influence of technical settings
Page 88 and 89: CHAPTER 3.1 a CEROS (Hamilton-Thorn
Page 90 and 91: CHAPTER 3.1 Progressive Motility CA
Page 92 and 93: CHAPTER 3.1 than at least they shou
Page 95 and 96: 3.2.1. Abstract CHAPTER 3.2 Sperm m
Page 97 and 98: CHAPTER 3.2 depth but not the chamb
Page 99: 3.2.3.3. The different chambers and
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Page 105 and 106: ISAS20rM Makler10r WHO 120 120 120
Page 107 and 108: 60 PM Rapid 50 40 30 20 10 0 CHAPTE
Page 109 and 110: Table 5. Averages (± standard erro
Page 111 and 112: CHAPTER 3.2 sperm (tail) which coul
Page 113 and 114: CHAPTER 3.2 Hoogewijs M.K., Govaere
Page 115: CHAPTER 3.2 Spizziri B.E., Fox M.H.
Page 119 and 120: 3.3.1. Abstract CHAPTER 3.3 Routine
Page 121 and 122: CHAPTER 3.3 morphological abnormali
Page 123 and 124: CHAPTER 3.3 The extended semen was
Page 125 and 126: CHAPTER 3.3 Table 1: Average values
Page 127 and 128: Repeatability Agreement SQA-Ve PM (
Page 129: References CHAPTER 3.3 Arunvipas P.
Page 133 and 134: 3.4.1. Abstract CHAPTER 3.4 In this
Page 135 and 136: CHAPTER 3.4 therefore in these expe
Page 137 and 138: CHAPTER 3.4 The averages obtained a
Page 139 and 140: 3.4.4.2. Experiment 2 CHAPTER 3.4 F
Page 141: References CHAPTER 3.4 Arunvipas P.
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Page 148 and 149: CHAPTER 4.1 4.1.2. Introduction 140
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CHAPTER 4.1 142 4.1.3.3. Semen proc
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CHAPTER 4.1 144 In the experiment 3
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CHAPTER 4.1 centrifugation (T1) and
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CHAPTER 4.1 (non CP vs CP) was sign
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35 B 80 A 33 beat cross frequency (
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CHAPTER 4.1 152 4.1.4.2. EXPERIMENT
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CHAPTER 4.1 Love and coworkers (200
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CHAPTER 4.1 Love C.C., Brinsko S.P.
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4.2.1. Abstract CHAPTER 4.2 The inc
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4.2.3. Materials and methods 4.2.3.
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CHAPTER 4.2 For the SLC group, 15 m
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CHAPTER 4.2 adding 600 µL of AO st
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4.2.3. Results 4.2.3.1. Sperm quali
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CHAPTER 4.2 The aforementioned “T
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CHAPTER 4.2 Sperm yields markedly d
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References CHAPTER 4.2 Barth A.D.,
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CHAPTER 4.2 Waite J.A., Love C.C.,
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CHAPTER 5 This thesis originated fr
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CHAPTER 5.1 Fig. 1. Schematic prese
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CHAPTER 5.1 higher than the current
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CHAPTER 5.1 al., 2007) showing a cl
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CHAPTER 5.1 treatment strategy for
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CHAPTER 5.2 supernatant allowing sp
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CHAPTER 5.2 such keeping the pellet
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CHAPTER 5.2 components of the semin
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Final reflections 5.4 Actual change
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CHAPTER 5 Dillon R.H., Fauci L.J.,
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CHAPTER 5 Suárez S.S., Osman R.A.
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SUMMARY technique that enables proc
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SUMMARY from stallions previously c
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SAMENVATTING beweeglijkheid (Hoofds
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SAMENVATTING de spermacellen gesele
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DANKWOORD Het obligatoire dankwoord
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DANKWOORD dankzij jou en ze zijn er
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CURRICULUM VITAE Maarten Hoogewijs
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Govaere J., Ducatelle
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BIBLIOGRAPHY ABSTRACTS AND PROCEEDI
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FUNDAMENTAL ASPECTS OF CRYOPRESERVA
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ADDENDUM I presence of these CPAs a
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ADDENDUM I Fig. 3. Theoretical curv
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ADDENDUM II DETAILED LOADING TECHNI
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In m’n hoofd is alles heel eenvou
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