Report - DCE - Nationalt Center for Miljø og Energi

"OJNBM DSFNBUJPO
The burning of animal carcasses in animal crematoria follows much the
same procedure as human cremation. Animal cremation facilities use similar
two chambered furnaces and controlled combustion. However, animals are
burned in special designed plastic (PE) bags rather than coffins.
Emissions from animal cremation are also similar to that of human cremation,
with the exception of heavy metals.
Animal cremations are performed in two ways, individually where the
owner often pays for receiving the ashes in an urn or collectively which is
most often the case with animal carcasses that are left at the veterinarian.
FUIPEPMPHZ
Open burning of animal carcasses is illegal in Denmark and is not occurring,
and small-scale incinerators are not known to be used at Danish farms. Livestock
that is diseased or in other ways unfit for consumption is disposed of
through rendering plants, incineration of livestock carcasses is illegal and
these carcasses are therefore commonly used in the production of fat and
soap at Daka Bio-industries.
The only animal carcasses that are approved for cremation in Denmark are
deceased pets and animals used for experimental purposes, where the burning
must take place at a specialised animal crematorium. There are four
animal crematoria in Denmark but one of these is situated at the AVV waste
incineration site. The special designed cremation furnaces are at this location
connected to the flue gas cleaning equipment of the waste incineration plant
and the emission from the cremations are included in the yearly inventory
from AVV and consequently included under waste incineration with energy
recovery in this report. Therefore only three animal crematoria are discussed
in this section.
Animal by-products are considered waste, and emission from animal crematoria
must therefore comply with the EU requirements for waste incineration.
The EU directive (2000/76/EF) on waste incineration has been transferred
into Danish law (Statutory order nr.162 1 ).
The incineration of animal carcasses is, as the incineration of human corpses,
performed in special furnaces. All furnaces at Danish pet crematoria have
primary incineration chambers with temperatures around 850 ºC and secondary
combustion chambers with temperatures around 1100 ºC. The fuel used
at the Danish facilities is natural gas.
Emissions from pet cremations are calculated for SO2, NOx, NMVOC, CO,
NH3, particles, heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Se, Zn), HCB, dioxins/furans,
PAHs and PCBs. For the compounds SO2, NOx, CO, As, Se, HCB,
PAHs and PCBs, emissions are estimated by using the same emission factors
as for human cremation.
"DUJWJUZ EBUB
Activity data for the incineration of animal carcasses are gathered directly
from the pet crematoria. There is no national statistics available on the activ-
1 Bekendtgørelse no. 162 of March 11 2003 on waste incineration plants.