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Report - DCE - Nationalt Center for Miljø og Energi

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Ã<br />

7RQQHV<br />

8000<br />

7000<br />

6000<br />

5000<br />

4000<br />

3000<br />

2000<br />

1000<br />

0<br />

1985<br />

1987<br />

1989<br />

1991<br />

1993<br />

1995<br />

1997<br />

1999<br />

2001<br />

2003<br />

2005<br />

2007<br />

2009<br />

Agr./<strong>for</strong>. (1A4c) Civil Aviation (1A3a)<br />

Fisheries (1A4c) Industry-Other (1A2f)<br />

Military (1A5) Navigation (1A3d)<br />

Railways (1A3c) Comm./Inst. (1A4a)<br />

Residential (1A4b)<br />

Ã<br />

ÃÃÃÃÃÃÉÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ In general, the emissions of NOX, NMVOC and CO from diesel-fuelled<br />

working equipment and machinery in agriculture, <strong>for</strong>estry and industry<br />

have decreased slightly since the end of the 1990s due to gradually strengthened<br />

emission standards given by the EU emission legislation directives. For<br />

industry, the emission impact from the global financial crisis becomes very<br />

visible <strong>for</strong> 2009.<br />

NOX emissions mainly come from diesel machinery, and the most important<br />

sources are Agriculture/<strong>for</strong>estry/fisheries (1A4c), Navigation (1A3d), Industry<br />

(1A2f) and Railways (1A3c), as shown in Figure 3.67. The 2010 emission<br />

shares are 48, 22, 20 and 7 %, respectively (Figure 3.70). Minor emissions<br />

come from the sectors, Civil Aviation (1A3a), Military (1A5) and Residential<br />

(1A4b).<br />

The NOX emission trend <strong>for</strong> Navigation, Fisheries and Agriculture is determined<br />

by fuel consumption fluctuations <strong>for</strong> these sectors, and the development<br />

of emission factors. For ship engines the emission factors tend to increase<br />

<strong>for</strong> new engines until mid-1990s. After that, the emission factors<br />

gradually reduce until 2000, bringing them to a level comparable with the<br />

emission limits <strong>for</strong> new engines in this year. For agricultural machines, there<br />

have been somewhat higher NOx emission factors <strong>for</strong> 1991-stage I machinery,<br />

and an improved emission per<strong>for</strong>mance <strong>for</strong> stage I and II machinery<br />

since the late 1990s.<br />

The emission development from 1985 to 2008 <strong>for</strong> industry NOx is the product<br />

of a fuel consumption increase, most pronounced from 2005-2008, and a<br />

development in emission factors as explained <strong>for</strong> agricultural machinery.<br />

For railways, the gradual shift towards electrification explains the declining<br />

trend in diesel fuel consumption and NOX emissions <strong>for</strong> this transport sector<br />

until 2001.

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